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1、高考英语阅读理解题20 套( 带答案 ) 一、高中英语阅读理解 1阅读理解 Many people have long dreamed of being able to fly around as simply as riding a bicycle. Yet the safety and strength of a flying bike was always a big problem. Over the past 10 years, developments in technology have moved the dream of personal flying vehicles cl
2、oser to reality. Now, two groups of inventors say such vehicles may be available soon. The British company Malloy Aeronautics has developed a prototype (原型 ) of its flying bicycle. Grant Stapleton, marketing sales director of Malloy Aeronautics, says the Hoverbike is able to get in and out of small
3、spaces very quickly. It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed, he adds. Mr. Stapleton says safety was the companys main concern. He says the designers solved the safety issue by using overlapping rotors ( 交叠式旋翼 )to power the vehicle. The company is testing a
4、 full-size prototype of the Hoverbike, which will most likely be used first by the police and emergency rescue teams. In New Zealand, the Martin Aircraft Company is also testing a full-size prototype of its personal flying device, called the Jetpack. It can fly for more than 30 minutes, up to 1,000
5、meters high and reach a speed of 74 kilometers per hour. Peter Coker is the CEO of Martin Aircraft Company. He said the Jetpack “ is built around safety from the start. In his words, reliability is the most important element of it. We have safety built into the actual structure itself, very similar
6、to a Formula One racing car.” The Jetpack uses a gasoline-powered engine that produces two powerful jet streams. Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute (降落伞 ) that can be used should there be an emergency. “It starts to work at very low altitude and actually saves both the aircraft and the pilot,” h
7、e adds. Mr. Coker says the Jetpack will be ready for sale soon. （1）We can learn from the passage that the Hoverbike . A. can hardly get in and out of small spaces quickly B. can fly for over 30 minutes, up to 1,000 meters high C. has been used by the police and emergency rescue teams D. can be trans
8、ported quickly after being folded and packed （2）The writer uses the example of For One racing car to show that . A. the Jetpack is very safe and reliable B. the engine of the Jetpack is powerful C. the actual structure of the Jetpack is unique D. the Jetpack can reach a great speed and height （3）The
9、 underlined word “it ” in the last paragraph refers to. A. the jet stream B. the engine C. the Jetpack D. the parachute （4）What is the authors main purpose of writing the passage? A. To describe the problems of inventing flying vehicles. B. To introduce the latest development of flying vehicles. C.
10、To show the differences between two flying vehicles. D. To advertise the two personal flying vehicles. 【答案】 （1）D （2）A （3）D （4）A 【解析】 【分析】本文为说明文，主要讲述一种个人飞行工具很快就会应用于现实。然而 安全性和强度一直是个大问题。文中介绍了两家飞器公司都关注安全性问题。 （1）细节理解题。第五段最后一句可知，the Jetpack.可飞行 30 分钟，高达1000 米，而不 是 Hoverbike，故 B 错误，根据第四段可知C 项说有将可能首先应用于由警察和
11、应急救援 队，而不是已用于，故C错误。根据第二段最后the Hoverbike is able to get in and out of small spaces very quickly. It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed, 可知， Hoverbike 能够很快地进出小空间。它可快速地在大陆上移动，因为它可 以折叠和包装。分析选项可知，A 说不能快速进入小空间，故错误。D 项说在折叠和包装 后可以快速运输。即D 正确。故选D。 （2）推理判断题。第六段Peter
12、 Coker 说 Jetpack 从一开始就围绕安全进行的。安全可靠性 是最重要的因素。我们在车的现行结构中植入了了安全性，非常类似于Formula One 赛 车。分析选可知A 项（ Jetpack 安全可靠）符合题意，故答案选A。 （3）猜测词义题。根据最后一段Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute (降落伞 ) that can be used should there be an emergency. “ It starts to work at very low altitude ., Coker 先生说 Jetpack 上也有降落伞，可以在紧急
13、情况下使用。“ 在海拔非常低的情况下开始用它” 。由 此可知， Jetpack 上的降落伞（它）是在海拔低时才用。由此可知it 指的是 parachute (降落 伞) 故答案选D。 （4）主旨大意题。根据第一段可知，许多人一直梦想能像骑自行车一样飞来飞去，科技的 发展让这个梦想很快实现。然而飞行自行车的安全性和强度一直是个大问题。接着下面叙 述了这种飞行器的问题最重要的是安全问题。分析选项，可知A 项描述发明飞行器的问 题，符合题意，故答案选A。 【点评】阅读理解细节题解题技巧： 1）语义转换题-跳读查找法：根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分 析，便可确定最佳答案。 2）生
14、活应用题 -常识理解法：在读懂文章的基础上结合一定的生活常识进行判断。 3）细节排序题-首尾定位法：根据动作发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件 发生的正确顺序。 4）寻找信息题-题干定位法：寻找信息题一般为功能阅读题，主要形式有广告、公告、演 出信息、航班时间表等。 2阅读理解 It could have been any of us, but it happened to be me. I received a brief 18-months of undivided attention and love as the only child, before three more a
15、ppeared. The second was a severe blow. No doubt, learning the need to share was important, but I had tasted the life of an only child. Then came years of requests to look after the siblings（兄弟姐妹） , being urged that, You should be sett ing a better example, “ Again and again the others got away with
16、doing wrong but I didnt. We each played our roles; the second one who later skipped school to meet boys; the ever so attractive third, the boy who could do no wrong; and finally the surprise appearance of the fourth, seemed certain to be spoiled even now. So that left me: the reasonable, quiet one w
17、ho got the grades, did the housework and became a chameleon（变色龙） skilled at reading a situation and being what was needed. Then eventually came the chance to be the first to leave and experience life on the outside, not defined（定义） as the eldest. The moment I had waited for. But now, many years late
18、r, being the eldest matters again. Its down to me; it seems, to take the lead in caring for our parents, AH the time I was made to learn about sharing; however, when it comes to responsibility, it no longer seems to apply. The others are too busy, too far away, or too unconcerned. So dutifully I tra
19、vel many times across the country for hours to provide care and support. Requests to my siblings to help out more fall on deaf ears. To me, the dutiful first born, it feels like the right and only thing to do; to be there for our parents as they were for us. Sadly, that feeling isnt shared by the se
20、cond, third or fourth. （1）How does the author comment on the four children in the second paragraph? A. Angrily and Bitterly. B. Angrily and proudly. C. Bitterly and humorously. D. Humorously and proudly. （2）How did the author develop his social skills? A. Through hard work. B. With the parents help.
21、 C. At the parents request. D. In practice for effectiveness. （3）What does the underlined word “it ” in the last paragraph refers to? A. To care for the old. B. To help the young. C. To live outside alone. D. To travel nationwide. （4）What can we learn from the text? A. The writer hates to be the eld
22、est. B. The writer feels proud of his role. C. The writer is satisfied with his attempt. D. The writer is regretful about the siblings. 【答案】 （1）C （2）C （3）A （4）D 【解析】 【分析】本文为夹叙夹议文。作者作为家中四个孩子中的老大，从小被要求照顾 小的，给兄妹树立好的榜样。父母老了，第一个关心照顾父母，认为照顾父母是自己的责 任，但是其他的兄妹却只一味地推脱照顾老人的责任，这让作者深感遗憾。 （1）推理判断题。根据第二段中的描述，作者的三兄
23、弟姐妹相继出生后自己要为他们树立 好的榜样，其他的人犯错不被处罚而我不能，描述老二用“ 逃学见男友skipped school to meet boys “ ，老三 ” 迷人attractive “ 的男孩，老四的出生是个” suprise“，而且一直被宠坏 spoiled 了。这一切的一切让我成为一个明白道理的、安静的成绩好的，做家务的，擅长做 一切的人。由此可推断出作者所用语言有点苦涩但风趣。分析选项可知C 项符合题，故答 案选 C。 （2）细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Then came years of requests to look after the siblings （兄弟姐妹
24、） , being urged that, You should be setting a better example,” 接下来是多年来被要 求照顾兄弟姐妹，被敦促树立一个好的榜样。根据常识这一切该是孩子的父母要求大的孩 子照顾小的，要求大的给小的做榜样。故答案选C。 （3）猜测词义题。分析To me, the dutiful first born, it feels like the right and only thing to do; to be there for our parents as they were for us.本句中的 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 动词不
25、定式to do; to be there for our parents as they were for us.，即对我来说，第一个出生 的一直尽职本份的我，因为父母曾养育了我们，我们要照顾他们，这是正确的唯一要做的 事。由此可知 “it 指的是照顾老人。故答案选A。 （4）推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者对父母尽心尽力地照顾，而其他的兄弟姐妹却 置之不理，推脱责任，他们认为这只是我应该做的事。作者认为非常遗憾，他们三兄妹不 应该有这种感觉。由此可推断出作者对于其他的兄妹深表遗憾。故答案选D。 【点评】英语阅读理解细节题具体方法与步骤： 排除干扰项，突出主题。事实细节题的设计干扰项一般都是
26、某一细节的错误叙述与论 断，可先排除干扰项。 按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词，如for example， first， second 等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。 快速通篇跳读，自左至右，自上而下呈Z 形扫视，直到找到细节出处，待找到含细节句 子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。 注意识别指代词语。为避免重复，文章中对多次提及的事物或现象会使用不同的词语， 如同义词、近义词、代词等。 3阅读理解 The University of Birmingham is the first excellent UK Russell Group university t
27、o announce that it will accept the “Gaokao“ exam for high-flying Chinese students wishing to join its undergraduate courses in 2019. High school students who complete the “National Higher Education Entrance Examination“, or Gaokao, with top grades will be able to apply for direct entry onto Birmingh
28、am degree programmes without first completing a foundation year which is a routine for the freshman. Gaokao is usually taken by students in their last year of senior high school and, every year, each province in China sets the grades required to gain admission to its universities. It is usually held
29、 across China in early June. Students are tested in Chinese, Mathematics, a Foreign Language and social sciences or natural sciences. University of Birmingham Vice-Chancellor Professor Sir David Eastwood said: “The University of Birmingham has been challenging and developing great minds for more tha
30、n a century. We welcome people from around the globe to study at Birmingham and Chinese students form an integral part of our education and research community. We are further opening access to Birminghams wealth of education opportunities for the brightest and most dedicated Chinese students by acce
31、pting this strict and important qualification. I look forward to welcoming these high-flying students to the University of Birmingham. “ Gaokao is increasingly accepted by universities in Australia, the USA, Canada and mainland Europe. Birmingham will only be considering high quality students who ac
32、hieve a minimum 80% Gaokao score and meet additional academic and English language requirements. Professor J on Frampton, Director of the University of Birminghams China Institute said:“ The University of Birmingham has a long history of educating students from China and one of our most famous gradu
33、ates is Li Siguang-the founding father of Chinese geology. I am delighted that the University is now accepting the Gaokao. This gives the brightest and best Chinese students an opportunity to move straight into the first year of our undergraduate programmes and experience the benefits of studying at
34、 a global Top 100 university, such as Birmingham. “ （1）What do Chinese students have to do to enter the University of Birmingham before 2019? A. Go through a foundation year. B. Prepare Birmingham degree programmes. C. Acquire the right to permanent residency. D. Score over 800% of the universitys q
35、ualification examination. （2）Who is the announcement intended for? A. The foreign students in China. B. All people living in the UK. C. The students of the UK. D. Chinese students. （3）Which of the following best explains “integral“ underlined in paragraph 3? A. Complete. B. Necessary. C. Indifferent
36、. D. Unimportant. （4）What does the text mainly talk about? A. The introduction to the “Gaokao“ of China. B. The history of the University of Birmingham. C. The high quality students accepted by top universities. D. The University of Birminghams admission to Gaokao. 【答案】 （1）A （2）D （3）B （4）D 【解析】 【分析】
37、这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了世界一流大学英国伯明翰大学从2019 年起开始承认中国高考成绩，为更多的中国高水平学生提供更多到世界名校深造的机会。 （1）细节理解题。第一段倒数第一句“ with top grades will be able to apply for direct entry onto Birmingham degree programmes without first completing a foundation year which is a routine for the freshman.”可知在伯明翰大学承认高考成绩之前，中国学生需要进行一年的 预科学习之后才能进入专
38、业课程学习。故答案选A。 （2）推理判断题。第一段第一句“ The University of Birmingham is the first excellent UK Russell Group university to announce that it will accept the “Gaokao“ exam for high-flying Chinese students wishing to join its. undergraduate courses in 2019.”可知伯明翰大学的通告主 要针对中国学生发布的。故答案选D。 （3）词义猜测题。根据第三段划线部分句子“ We
39、welcome people from around the globe to study at Birmingham and Chinese students form an integral part of our education and research community.”句意：我们欢迎来自世界各地的人们来伯明翰学习，中国学生是我们教育和研 究领域不可或缺的一部分。可知integral 意思为 “ 不可或缺的 ” ，故答案选B。 （4）主旨大意题。本文介绍了世界一流大学英国伯明翰大学从2019 年起开始承认中 国高考成绩，为更多的中国高水平学生提供更多到世界名校深造的机会。即伯明
40、翰大学对 高考成绩的承认，故答案选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一 篇说明类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，通过题干中的关键词在文章中定位，同时根 据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。 4阅读理解 It was when I was walking to my office, trailed by three young people whose ages ranged from 16 to 25, flowing down the corridor behind me like the tail of a kite, th
41、at I thought of it for the first time. This could be because I am not actually a mother. Until recently, I was not a “real“ stepmother either. But I have been living with the man who is now my husband, Bernardo for 10 years and in those 10 years, not only have his younger daughters spent every other
42、 weekend and half of their school holiday with us but also his son has lived with us full-time. In fact, when Bernardo asked me to move in, he asked his son for permission first. Being a step mum is hard enough but being a sort-of-step-mother is about the most awkward position a mature woman can fin
43、d herself in. With my sort-of-steppies, I have occupied a place of influence, power and sometimes extreme anger by turns. I have stepped on a delicate path between being a grown-up friend, a bridge of influence with their father, the woman of the house, and a figure of authority but not too much. Lo
44、ve the kids or hate them, you must always remember that no matter how much you cook, clean, hug, comfort and discipline, you will never actually count. To survive, I trained myself to love the stepkids as hard as I could, but not to care. Its a handy piece of good mental health trickery I recommend
45、to anyone in my position. I can help with homework, yes, but not bother about the results of that homework. I can teach them good manners, but not care about the bad habits they learn at home. Semi-detached is the position. （1）Which of the following is true about Bernardo? A. Bernardo seldom cares a
46、bout the kids. B. Bernardo dislikes living with his kids. C. Bernardo respects the opinion of his kids. D. Bernardo doesnt recognize his wife as a “real“ stepmother. （2）What does the author think of her role in the family? A. She was totally favored by the kids. B. She has acted as an enemy of the k
47、ids. C. She didnt have any influence in the family. D. She was the communication bridge between kids and their father. （3）Whats the authors advice for stepmothers in the last paragraph? A. Be partly engaged in kids life. B. Care little about kids behavior. C. Seldom get involved in kids homework. D.
48、 Become the absolute authority of the family. 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了作为一个继母应该如何与孩子相处才是一个 适当的度。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“In fact, when Bernardo asked me to move in, he asked his son for permission first.” Bernardo 再婚让妻子搬进家里，还要征求孩子们的同意，由此可 推断出 Bernardo 尊重孩子的意见。故选C。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“I have stepped on a delicate path between being a grown-up friend, a bridge of influence with their father, the woman of the house, and a figure of authority .”我走上了一条微妙的道路，既是成年孩子的朋友，又是孩子与父亲