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1、2019年广东省广州市中考英语真题试卷及解析 一、语法选择（共1 小题；每小题15 分，共 15 分） 读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从所给的A、B、C 和 D 项中选 出最佳选项。 The first astronauts Since the earliest times, people have looked up at the stars, the moon and the planets. Today people use modern machines 1 at the sky. This is very different from the situation
2、 2 years ago when people could only use their eyes. Perhaps they dreamed of 3 the universe. When did humans first go into space? The story began not so very long ago, 4 the first astronauts were not peoplethey were animals. Scientists wanted to make travelling to space as 5 as possible for humans. S
3、o they decided to experiment with animals and test 6 in spaceflights. Insects, mice, frogs, dogs and monkeys were some of the animals 7 first went into space.Many of them 8 , but they helped to make space travel safer for humans. For their great service, we 9 forget these animals. Albert was the fir
4、st monkey to go into space in 1949. Sadly he died 10 his spaceship landed back on Earth. 11 the result was different for Ham the Monkey. His story ended happily when he return to earth 12 very good health. Scientists wanted to know the answer to the important question: could 13 animal like Ham do th
5、e same things in space as he could do on Earth? The answer came when Ham 14 into space in 1961. Yes, he did everything well and lived for 15 16 years. ( )1. A. lookB. to lookC. lookingD. looked ( )2. A. thousandB. thousandsC. thousand ofD. thousands of ( )3. A. exploreB. to exploreC. exploredD. expl
6、oring ( )4. A. asB. orC. butD. so ( )5. A. safeB. saferC. safestD. the safest ( )6. A. theyB. themC. theirD. theirs ( )7. A. whomB. whatC. thatD. whose ( )8. A. dieB. diedC. have diedD. will die ( )9. A. shouldntB. may notC. dont have toD. neednt ( )10. A. ifB. becauseC. afterD. since ( )11. A. Luck
7、B. LuckC. LuckD. Luckily ( )12. A. atB. onC. inD. for ( )13. A. aB. anC. theD. / ( )14. A. sendB. sentC. is sentD. was sent ( )15. A. anotherB. otherC. othersD. the others 二、完形填空（共15 小题；每小题1 分，共 15 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、 C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项。 John suddenly jumped off the swing without even slowing d
8、own. He called out nervously, “ Mom, wheres Charlie?” He had just 16 he hadnt seen his new puppy for over an hour. John looked around the garden, behind the bushes, and under the picnic table. No dog! His mother heard 17 in his voice as he called her a second time. “ Mom, I cant find Charlie!” She c
9、ame outside 18 . “ Lets look around the garden first. Dont worry. Im sure hes close by. Both son and mother were 19 now, but still no Charlie. Their calls were not completely wasted, though. Joe, the next-door neighbor, and his two daughters Tania and Julie, immediately agreed to help them 20 the lo
10、st dog. But even with five people now searching the towns streets, they had no luck. Charlie was still 21 . Tania suggested they make posters with Charlies 22 . She had done this when her own cat was lost a year earlier, she told John, and the cat was found the next day. John agreed. When they got h
11、ome, he made a poster with a photo of Charlie, Then John heard a 23 and opened his bedroom door. It was Charlie. John was greeted with a big wet kiss. Charlie had been 24 in the bedroom this whole time, sleeping. John had never been so 25 in his life! ( )16. A. decidedB. forgottenC. understoodD. rea
12、lized ( )17.A. angerB. hopeC. fearD. warning ( )18.A. activelyB. quicklyC. carelesslyD. annoyingly ( )19.A. shoutingB. talkingC. fightingD. thinking ( )20.A. give upB. look forC. run afterD. take care of ( )21.A. missingB. asleepC. takenD. quiet ( )22.A. addressB. characterC. nameD. picture ( )23.A.
13、 messB. noiseC. voiceD. song ( )24.A. shutB. wokeC. tiedD. saved ( )25.A. afraidB. sillyC. happyD. proud 三、阅读（共两节，满分45 分） 第一节阅读理解（共20 小题；每小题2 分，共 40 分） 阅读下列短文，从2645 各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项。 A An elephant and a crocodile were once standing beside river. They were disputing which was the better animal
14、. “ Look at my strength,” aid the elephant. “ I can pull up a tree, roots and all, with my trunk.” “ Ah! But your skin is not nearly so thick as mine,” replied the crocodile. “ No knife or tooth can cut through it.” Just as they were coming to blows, a lion happened to pass. “ My dear friends !” sai
15、d the King of all animals, going up to them. “ Let me know the cause of your disagreement.” “ Will you kindly tell us which is the better animal?” cried both at once. “ Certainly,” said the lion, pointing across the river. “ Do you see the soldiers metal hat on that wall? ” “ Yes! ” replied the beas
16、ts. “ Well, then,” continued the lion, “ go and get it, and bring it to me, and I shall be able then to decide between you.” Upon hearing this, off they started. The crocodile, being used to the water, reached the opposite side of the river first, and was soon standing beside the wall. Here he waite
17、d till the elephant came up. The elephant, seeing that the crocodile had no way of reaching their goal, raised his long trunk, and took down the hat quite easily. They then made their way together back again across the river. The elephant was trying to keep up with the fast moving crocodile in the w
18、ater and became careless. When he was forced to turn sharply to avoid a floating tree branch, the elephant dropped the hat and it fell to the river bottom. The crocodile noticed the accident, so down he dived, and brought it up in his huge mouth. They then returned, and the crocodile laid the metal
19、hat at the lions feet. The King took it up, and turning to the elephant, said: “ You, because of your size and trunk, were able to reach the hat on the wall but, having lost it, you were unable to get it back. And you, said the lion to the crocodile,” although unable to reach the hat, were able to d
20、ive for it and save it. You are both wise and able in your own ways. One is no better than the other.” 26. The underlined word “ disputing” in Paragraph 1 means_. A. playingB. quarrellingC. complainingD. deciding 27. What did the crocodile think was best about himself? A. His big mouthB. His strong
21、skinC. His swimming skillD. His dangerous teeth 28. How did the lion deal with the animals disagreement? A. He ordered them to fight.B. He made a quick decision. C. He suggested a competition.D. He asked them to describe themselves. 29. What caused the elephant to drop the hat? A. The hat got wet in
22、 the river.B. He hit a floating tree. C. He was trying to swim too fast.D. He wanted to fight the crocodile. 30. How were the elephant and the crocodile able to complete their task? A. By working togetherB. planning carefully C. By sharing their ideasD. By listening to the lion B They say that “ tra
23、vel is the best teacher“and there is no better example of this idea than the Ming dynasty travel writer and geographer Xu Xiake （15871641）. His book The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake, not only encouraged a love of travelling among Chinese people but provided important scientific information about the cou
24、ntrys land and geography. Born into a wealthy Jiangyin family, Xu became interested in books about different places at an early age and wanted to travel. When he was 18, however, Xus father died and so, it seemed, did his travelling dreams. He now was responsible for the family farm and taking care
25、of his 60year old mother as tradition required. But his mother had different ideas. Understanding her sons love of travel and valuing the knowledge he could get from such experiences, this modern thinking woman refused to keep her son at home. She agreed that Xu could travel for three months every y
26、ear, when there was less farm work. So at the age of twenty and with his mothers support, Xu set off for the first time, leaving behind not only his mother but his new wife as well. He would repeat this goodbye each year for most of the next 30 years. During this time, he travelled throughout the Mi
27、ng kingdom, carefully studying the lands he passed through and recording his experiences and many discoveries in a diary This diary, which once had over 500,000 words, would eventually become The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake. Although rich, Xu avoided comfortable travel, preferring to go almost everywhe
28、re on foot. This way he could research the environment in detail and get a true picture of the natural world. Many of his trips were to hardtoreach mountain areas, and through wild forests where few people lived. His willingness to face hardships came at a cost however. Progress was slow and tiring
29、and he was frequently sick, robbed and beaten during his journeys. Sadly Xu became seriously ill during his last and longest journey, a 4year trip through the Southwest of China. He died in 1641, soon after returning to his hometown for the last time. When his diary was finally printed years after h
30、is death, much of it had been destroyed or lost. Although incomplete, it still made Xu a travelling legend around the world. 31. What is the passage mainly about ? A. The general details of Xu Xiakes life story B. The difficulties Xu Xiake faced in his travels C.The important discoveries made by Xu
31、Xiake D. The influence of Xus book The Travel Notes of Xu Xiake 32. Which of the following best describes Xus mother? A. Strict but interestingB. Kind but uneducated C. Helpful and hardworkingD. Supportive and open-minded 33. Why did Xu prefer walking during his travels? A. It gave him the chance to
32、 meet different kinds of people B. It helped him to save money and travel for a longer time C. It allowed him to see and study the environment in detail D. It was the only way to reach the places he was interested in 34. What is true about Xus book The Travel Notes of Xu xiake? A. It was only made p
33、ublic after Xu died. B. It made Xu very famous during his lifetime. C. It was the first travel book ever written in China. D. It was mainly about the different people of China. 35. What is the correct order for the following events from Xus lite? a. He went on his first journey.b. His book was final
34、ly printed c. He returned to his hometown for the last time d. He developed an interest in books about other places e. He started managing the family farm after his father died A. aedcbB. deacbC. dea bcD. edabc C 6www. youthnews https： www youthnews/yourview YOUTH NEWS News School Life Your View Spo
35、rt Should Museum Entry Be Free? With International Museum Day coming up, today we are asking readers： Should museums be free or should people have to pay for a ticket? Let us know your view. Comments Museums are not only there for enjoyment; they are education. This is why they must be free. While m
36、useums need a huge amount of money to operate, let the wealthy pay for it. The idea of a person or child interested in art not being able to view it because of cost is wrong Krista Chen（US） Age 15 Free entry does not attract people or encourage them to appreciate art. Generally people respect things
37、 that are difficult or costly to get Museums should require regular visitors to pay a fee, but provide free tickets as prizes for high achieving students who can appreciate them more Fred Smith （New Zealand） Age 14 Museums teach people about their past. This is part of our shared culture that should
38、 be available to everyone, rich or poor People should never be asked to pay an entrance fee. Rob Sanchez （ Australia ） Age 17 There are no simple answers.Low ticket prices could help museums stay open. But companies and businessmen should also provide museums with more money and other support. They
39、have a social responsibility too. Amber White （UK ） Age 16 I think museums and art galleries should all be free to the public. I do, however, think twice a year the museums should organize money raising events to help pay for the cost of staying open. Li Mishao （China） Age 15 36. How many readers su
40、pport the idea of free museums? A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 5 37. Who suggests museums should regularly hold special events to collect money? A. Krista ChenB. Fred SmithC. Rob SanchezD. Li Mishao 38. Why does Fred Smith believe that free tickets should be given to high achieving students? A. Students will then s
41、tudy harder.B. Museums will attract more visitors. C. Museums can make themselves more famous. D. These students can better appreciate museums. 39. Which of the following does Amber White agree with? A. Businesses should offer museums more help. B. People should only pay what they can afford. C. Fre
42、e entry doesnt encourage visitors to museums. D. Everybody should have a chance to visit museums. 40. What can we know about the website? A. Its quite a new website.B. It was started in Australia. C. Its generally for young readers.D. It mainly discusses scientific topics. D While the start of a new
43、 school year is always exciting, this year was even more so for some students at White Cloud Primary School. They became the worlds first kids to be taught by an electronic teacher.This electronic teacher is not a human-like robot walking around the classroom Instead, he is a computercreated head th
44、at appears, when needed, on students computer or phone screens. His name is Bill. Created by technology company Smart Machines, Bill is able to show human-like behavior. He is designed to teach a special program about environmental friendly power created by the sun and wind. This program, started in
45、 2005, used to be taught by human teachers. Just like human teachers, Bill is able to immediately respond to the students questions and opinions about the topic. Thanks to computer cameras, he is also able to see and react to students physical actions. For example, if a student smiles at Bill, he re
46、sponds by smiling back. This two way exchange helps get the students attention. More importantly, it allows the program developers to improve Bills behavior and knowledge base when needed. The program has been a great success, according to Smart Machines spokesman Robert Frost Frost says, “ What is
47、interesting to me is the childrens reaction to Bill. He really captures their attention.” Frost thinks kids dont find the experience of being taught by smart machines as strange as older people because they have grown up in a time of computers and smart phones. It is doubtful, however, that human ed
48、ucators will lose their jobs to Bill any time soon. For one, his talking heads knowledge base is not large. More importantly, even the smartest computer programs cant guess and react to all the unexpected situations that educators face daily. Bills future might be as a “ personal tutor” , providing
49、kids with one-on-one help for different subjects and topics. 41. What is Bill? A. A humanlike robotB. A kind of computer game C. A computer recording toolD. A computer created talking head 42. How does the two-way exchange help the program developers? A. It lets them correct students mistakesB. It allows Bill to respond more quickly C. It helps them know how to improve BillD. It helps them study students body language 43. The underlined word “they“in Paragraph 4 refers to_. A. kidsB. older peopleC. smart