(完整版)中考介词专题讲解及练习.pdf

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1、介词 I. 介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词。 在句中不能单独作句子成分。 介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类,短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和 它的宾语构成介词词组,在句中作状语,表语,补语或介词宾语。 II. 介词归类大全 一、表示地理位置的介词: (1)at ,in, on, to at (1)表示在小地方 ; (2)表示“在附近,旁边” in (1)表示 在大地方 ; (2)表示“在范围之内”。 on 表示毗邻,接壤 to 表示在范围外,不强调是否接壤 例句: He arrived the station at ten. He is sitting the des

2、k. He arrived Shanghai yesterday. Jiangsu lies the east of China. Russia lies the north of China. Fujian is the south of Jiangsu Province. 注意:表示“树上有”时,in 和 on 有区别。用 on 表示这个事物属于树的一部分, 但是用 in 表示这个事物在树上,并不属于树的一部分。 练习: There is an apple the tree and a bird the tree. (2)above, over, on 在上 above 指在上方 ,不强调

3、是否垂直,与below 相对; over 指垂直的上方 ,与 under相对,但 over 与物体有一定的空间,不直接接触。 on 表示某物体上面并与之接触。 例句: The bird is flying my head. There is a bridge the river. He put his watch the desk. (3)below, under 在下面 under表示在正下方 below 表示在下,不一定在正下方 例句 There is a cat the table. Please write your name the line. 二、表示时间的介词: (1)in ,

4、on,at 在时 in 表示较长时间,如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、 中、晚等。 如:in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January, in the morning, in the night, in ones life , in ones thirties等。 on 表示具体某一天及某一天的早、中、晚。 如:on May 1st, on Monday, on New Year s Day, on a cold night in January, on a fine morning, o

5、n Sunday afternoon 等。 at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间,或泛指圣诞节,复活节等。 如: at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of , at the age of , at Christmas , at night, at noon, at this moment等。 注意: 在 last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。 如: We meet every day. 练习: 1Tim is going to give his fathe

6、r a surprise _ Fathers Day () Ain Bat Con DBy 2Some people are used to getting up late _ a cold morning() Aon Bin Cat Dof (2)in, after 在之后 “in +一段时间”表示将来的一段时间以后; “after+一段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后; “after+将来时间点”表示将来的某一时刻以后。 例句: My mother will come back in three or four days. He arrived after five months. She w

7、ill appear after five oclock this afternoon. 练习: 1Junior high school days will be over _ a week How are you feeling? Im trying to keep my cool because weve been together _ three years() Ain;in Bfor;in Cin;for Dfor;for (3)from, since 自从 from 仅说明什么时候开始,不说明某动作或情况持续多久; since表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻,通常与完成时连用。 例句:

8、He studied the piano the age of three. They have lived here 1978. (4)after, behind 在之后 after 主要用于表示时间; behind主要用于表示位置。 例句:We shall leave lunch. Lucy is hiding an old house. 三、表运动方向的介词: across, through 通过,穿过 across表示横过 ,即从物体表面通过,与on 有关; through 穿过,即从物体内部穿过,与in 有关。 例句: She swam the river. He walked th

9、e forest. 练习: 1 Dad,can we walk_the road now ? No,we_We have to wait until the light turns green () Aacross ;neednt Bacross ;mustnt Cthrough;cant Dthrough;mustnt 四、表示“在之间”的介词: between, among between指在两个人或两个事物之间; among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间。 例句:There is a football match Class One and Class Two on the playg

10、round. The teacher is standing the students. 五、表示其他意义的介词: (1)on ,about 关于 on 表示这本书,这篇文章或演说是严肃的,或学术性的,可供专门研究这一问题 的人阅读; about表示内容较为普通,不那么正式。 例句: There will be a lecture economics this afternoon. He is writing a book cooking. He told me a lot his life in the summer vocation. (2)by, with, in 表示方法、手段、工具

11、by 以方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具; with 表示用 工具、手段,一般接具体的工具和手段; in 表示用方式,用语言(语调、笔墨、颜色 )等; 例句: He makes a living selling newspapers. He broke the window a stone. The foreigner spoke to us English. (3)except, besides 除了 except 除之外,不包括在内; besides 除之外,包括在内。 例句:Mr. Wang, we went to see the film.( 王先生没去 ) Mr. Wang, we al

12、so went to see the film.( 王先生也去了 ) 练习: 1 Are your teacher hard _ all of you ?_ Jerry,because he is much younger than others () Awith,Except Bon,Except Cin,Besides Don, Besides 一、单项选择 1What do you know about the cartoon ? Well,it became very popular in western countries_ when the creator of it was on

13、ly_ () Ain 1990s,in his twenties Bin the 1990s ,in his twenties Cin the 1990,in his twenty Din 1990,in the twenties 2What can I do for you? I hope I have a nice house_a big garden behind it() Aof Bwith Cby Dto 3The 3D film The Angry Birds opened in Chinese cinemas_ May 20,2016 () Aon Bat Cin Dto 4He

14、r birthday is _winter,the most beautiful season in a year () Ain Bat Con 5Id like to hold our next meeting_June 23rd Is that OK for you?() Ain Bat Con 6Hurry up!The movie will begin_ 10 minutes() Aover Bin Cfor Dat 7Look out! Look at the traffic lights _crossing the road () Abefore Bafter Csince 8Th

15、e library near our school isnt open in the evening ,so we can go there during the dayNo problem,Ill go with you tomorrow () Aday after day Bin the daytime Call the time 9 Would you please provide us_some information about the accident? SureIt happened_the morning of June 5th () Ato;on Bfor;in Cwith;

16、in Dwith;on 10Im looking after Tom todayHes been in my house_8 :00 this morning () Aat Bsince Cfor Dtill 11 Stephen Hawking got more than 380 , 000 followers in two hours _first message on Weibo() Abefore Bsince Cafter Duntil 12 Many young people put mobile games_anything else , thinking little of t

17、heir normal lives() Aalong with Bbehind Cbefore Din front of 13Yingqi Bird Nest Library ,the smallest library in the world,was opened to the public in Nanjings Huashu Village_the World Reading Day this year () Aon Bin Cat Das 14Jim sits behind me ,so I sit_ him() Aat the end of Bin front of Cin the

18、middle of 15I often go to the bookstore_ Quancheng Road although its crowded() Aon Bfor Cfrom Dbetween 16Mr Green is writing_the blackboard () Ain Bon Cat 17Oh,my god! Ive left my keys in the roomIll have to get in_ the window Its dangerous Youd better wait for your mom to come back () Apast Bover C

19、across Dthrough 18Its so cold outside Remember to close the door_you when you leave () Abeside Bbefore Cwith Dbehind 19You can buy almost everything_ the Internet ,and its very easy () Ainto Bfor Cat Don 20Taiwan lies _ the east of Fujian ,_ the southeast of China () Aon; in Bto; in Con; to 二选词填空 tr

20、y, how, what, if, can, wonderful , much, shop, glass , read, down, put Tom lived a way from town. One day he went into town to buy something in the shop, and after he bought 1. _ he wanted, he went into a restaurant and sat 2 . _ at the table. When he looked round, he saw some old people 3. _ eyegla

21、sses on before 4. _ their books, so after lunch he went to a shop to buy 5. _, too. He walked along the road, and soon found a 6. _. The man in the shop made him 7. _ on a lot of glasses, but each time Tom said, “ No, I cant read with these. ” The man became 8 . _ and more puzzled ( 困惑) . At last he

22、 said, “ Excuse me, but 9. _you read at all?” “ No, I cant! ” Tom said, “10. _ I can read, do you think I will come here to buy glasses? ” 一、单项选择题 1 The“teacher free exam“means that students take their exams_ teachers Students must be more honest () Awithout Bagainst Cthrough Dby 2A good student con

23、nects what he reads_ what he sees around him() Afor Bwith Cin Don 3Class,lets see who can spell most words _ these letters() Aat Binto Con Dwith 4Xiaogan is well known _ the culture of “Xiao“() Ain Bfor Cat Don 5The Blacks usually have milk and bread_breakfast () Afor Bon Cabout 6If you are planning

24、 a trip to a place of interest,youd better look in your local library_ a book about it() Aon Bat Cto Dfor 7When James arrived at the railway station,he tried to look_a place to park his car() Aafter Bat Cup Dfor 8_ running after success ,we have a lot of other interesting things to do in our lives()

25、 ABy BOn CBesides DExcept 9Alice ,would you like to go hiking with us ? What a pity! I am free every day_today () Afor Bexcept Cbesides Damong 10He borrowed some money_ me and gave it_ the poor man() Ato;for Bfor;to Cfrom;to Dto from 11The local community centre is open_Monday to Saturday () Ain Bfr

26、om Cfor Don 12It is important _us to make full use of time() Afor Bof Cwith 13I have been in China_1997 () Asince Bfor Cin Duntil 14Although he was _my opinion,the old professor didnt come up with his own() Aagainst Bon Cfor Din 15As a nurse ,her work goes_taking care of her patients Yes,she always

27、thinks of others () Abeyond Bbeside Cbehind Dbetween 16_Journey to the West ,she has also read Little Women () ABesides BBut CExcept 17Fish cant live_water() Awith Bin Cwithout Dof 18Have you got the answer _ the question ? Not yet() Aon Bwith Cabout Dto 19It is necessary _ us to help our friends ou

28、t when they meet difficulties () Ato Bof Cwith Dfor 20Sleeping is a popular way to relax_students () Aon Bamong Cabout Dbetween 21Last Sunday ,a group of pupils talked happily _a loud voice as they went to the countryside_ bike () Aby; by Bin; on Cin; by 22Please e mail me_ sdshzs666163 com if you h

29、ave any questions () Aon Bat Cto 23 George ,how can you prove (证明) the earth is round ? I cant,sir_,I never said it was() AExcept BUnless CBesides DIncluding 24At the farewell party,Kobe Bryant said,“_the support of my fans ,it would be hard for me to achieve such great success“() AWith BUnder CThro

30、ugh DWithout 25_a sports fan,my brother is looking forward _the 2016 Olympic Games in Brazil() AOf;in BWith;for CFor;at DAs;to 二、选词填空 well, brother, on , ago , I , for , make , neednt , as , because , much, before In my spare time, I paint designs on T-shirts. I got the idea two years 1 for my 2 bir

31、thday present. The shop wanted $ 20 for a special design 3 a T-shirt, so I decided to do it 4 . I bought a white cotton T-shirt 5 $6 and some paints, and I painted a lion on the front. My brother loved it! Painting T-shirts is great fun. You 6 be a great artist, you can just paint shapes and lines.

32、The T-shirts are the 7 expensive part of my hobby. Also you have to use special fabric paints and you need to buy good quality brushes. I love my hobby 8 I can make T-shirts that no-one else has. I give a lot of them away 9 presents to my family and friends. Sometimes, I sell them. Since I started, Ive 10 about 60 T-shirts and each one is different.

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