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1、中考英语阅读理解专项训练-健康环保类 A Spending two or three hours playing outdoors each day can reduce the chance of becoming short-sighted, a research shows. It challenges the belief( 信念 ) that short-sightedness is caused by computer use, watching TV or reading in weak light. The Australian government researchers b
2、elieve that the sunlight is good for people s eyes. They compared the vision( 视力 ) and habits of 100 seven-year-old children in Singapore and Australia. In all, 30% of the Singaporean children were short-sighted this rate(比率 ) was ten times higher than Australian children. Both groups spend a simila
3、r amount of time reading, watching television and playing computer games. However the Singaporean children spent an average of only half an hour a day outdoors 90 minutes less than the Australian children. Professor Ian Morgan, from the Australian Research Council s vision Centre, said, “ Humans are
4、 naturally long-sighted, but when people begin to go to school and spend little or no time outdoors, the number of short-sighted people gets larger. We re also seeing more and more short-sighted children in cities all around the world and the main reason may be that city children spend less time out
5、doors. Daylight can be hundreds of times brighter than indoor light. But why does playing outside prevent us from becoming short-sighted? Scientists believe that natural light has a special chemical( 化学物质 ) which stops the eyeball from growing out of shape and prevents people from becoming short-sig
6、hted. So be outdoors. It doesn t matter if that time is spent having a picnic or having sports. 1.Which of the following can reduce the chance of becoming short-sighted according the passage? A. Play computer games. B. Watch TV. C. Read in weak light. D. Do outdoor activities. 2.How much time did th
7、e Australian children spend outdoors on average according to the research A. 30 minutes. B. 60 minutes. C. 90 minutes. D. 120 minutes. 3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage A. If people spend more time outdoors they will certainly become short-sighted. B. There are fewer short-si
8、ghted Singaporean Children than Australian children because they have more knowledge of protecting their eyesight. C. There will be fewer risks of getting short-sighted if people spend two or three hours a day playing outside. D. When people begin to go to school they will become long-sighted. 4.Wha
9、t is the fifth paragraph mainly about A. Why natural daylight has a special chemical. B. Why daylight prevents people from becoming short-sighted. C. Why daylight is much brighter than indoor light. D. What the special chemical which can stop eyeballs from growing out of shape is. 5.The underlined w
10、ord in paragraph 1 probably means _ . A. 眼疾B. 视野C. 疲劳D. 近视 B Pollution inside homes and other buildings kills more than 4 million people each yearMany people die as a result of breathing smoke or from cooking over wood-powered of coal-powered stoves One way to reduce the number of deaths is through
11、cooking equipment powered by the sun Crosby Menzies， a solar power expert in a South African company ，described his latest solar cooker called the“ Sol.4” ，” It is four square meters of mirrors ，six to eight meters in length It is quite a large cooler ” The“ Sol.4” works by reflecting （反射） light fro
12、m the sun off large mirrors The mirrors direct （把 对准） the light at a cooking pan Then the light heats the pan with solar energyWithin two minutes ，the pan is hot enough to cook sausages and onions In just four minutes ，water can be boiledThat is as fast as cooking with natural gas or electricity The
13、 cooker is also much“ friendlier ” than other models because people do not have to stand in the sun to use it And people can prepare meals without having to collect firewood or spend money on coal Such individuals would be less likely to have breathing illnesses from harmful smoke At present， the co
14、oker only works when the sun is shining But engineers are working on a way to make it work without sunlight Each cooker costs about $2000 ， which is a large amount of money for most Africans To solve that problem， Crosby Menzies has crated a non-governmental organization called solar Cookers for Afr
15、icaIt plans to raise money through donations to provide poor people with solar cooking equipment 6.This passage is mainly about _ A. solar cookers B. smoke pollution C. solar power experts D. breathing illnesses 7.The“ Sol-4” is mainly used to _ A. shorten the time of cooking B. reduce the cost of m
16、aking cookers C. raise money through donations to help African people D. reduce the number of deaths caused by harmful smoke. 8.The underlined word “ individuals “ most probably means“ _ ” A. cookers B. mirrors C. people D. experts 9.Which of the following about the “ Sol-4” is TRUE ？ _ A. It is six
17、 to eight square meters of mirrors. B. It can work in any weather condition now C. It can also heat the pan by lighting firewood D. It is more environment-friendly than other cookers. 10.From the passage，we can infer that _ A. the“ Sol-4” will be designed in a smaller size B. more African can use th
18、e solar cookers in the future C. the“ Sol-4” is the first product of the south African company D. the African government will provide poor people with solar cookers. C By now, most people know they should be eating more vegetables. But are there ways to get more from the vegetables you already eat?
19、A research shows that when it comes to vegetables, it s not only how much we eat, but also how we prepare them, that decides the vitamins( 维生素 ) and other nutrients(营养物 )that enter our body. Many studies show that people who eat lots of vegetables have less heart disease, and eye problems and even c
20、ancer. But raw( 生的 ) vegetables are not always best. The researchers found that 198 Germans who eat raw food were short of lycopene( 番茄红素 ), the matter found in tomatoes and other red vegetables. “ There is an idea that raw foods are always going to be better, ” says Steven K. Clinton, a professor a
21、t Ohio State University. “ For fruits and vegetables, sometimes a little bit of cooking can be helpful.” Many facts decide how the vegetables do good to people s health before they reach the table, including where and how they were grown and stored before being bought. No single cooking way is best.
22、 Some nutrients are easily lost in cooking if they are cooked in different ways. Vitamins C and B are often lost. In January, another report said that boiling(煮)was better for carrots than frying( 油 炸 )or serving them raw. Frying was the worst way to cook. What cooked with the vegetables can also be
23、 important? When the vegetables were cooked with fat, the diners can get more nutrients. Fat can also make the taste of vegetables better, meaning that people will eat more of them. Putting on some other things that make it taste better a little salt can make the food taste better. 11.The writer mai
24、nly wants to tell us that _. A. eating vegetables is good for us B. people should eat more vegetables C. how much vegetables one should eat D. the way people eat vegetables is important 12.The people who eat the raw vegetables for a long time will _. A. have the eyes problems B. have heart disease C
25、. be in need of lycopene D. hate eating tomatoes 13.Lycopene is rich in _. A. red vegetables B. raw vegetables C. fried vegetables D. boiled vegetables 14.The followings decide how the vegetables do good to people EXCEPT _ according to the passage. A. the place where the vegetables are grown B. the
26、way how the vegetables are stored C. the way how the vegetables are prepared D. the price at which the vegetables are sold 15.From the last paragraph, we can know _. A. it s better to cook the vegetables with the fat B. it s better to cook the vegetables without salt C. the fat will increase the nut
27、rition of the vegetables D. the more fat in the cooking, the fewer vegetables people will eat D Do you have meals regularly? If the answer is “ yes” , it would be great. However, many people are not doing as great as you. According to a new survey, half of British people say that they are too busy t
28、o have meals on time. The survey shows that 50% of British people don t have meals on time. About 40% of them eat breakfast in less than 10 minutes. One fifth say that they don t have breakfast or lunch. Instead, they choose to eat snacks to stop themselves from being hungry. About 47% say that they
29、 are so busy that they just have a sandwich at their desks. Many people eat snacks to get through the day. As a result, making people eat healthily is not an easy task. It seems that the traditional lunch hour is becoming a thing of the past. As we all know, breakfast is the most important meal of t
30、he day. But so many people don t have breakfast every day. Even worse, nearly one in three people combine breakfast and lunch together. Many people have dinner very late in the evening. About 16% of people say that they often have dinner after 8 pm. That is time for the digestive system( 消化系统 ) to s
31、low down and get ready to sleep! Some people even eat snacks late at night! Everyday work is very important, of course. But health is much more important. 16.What is the writer s attitude towards the result of the survey? A. He is worried. B. He is happy. C. He doesn t care. D. He doesn t believe it
32、. 17.According to the survey, _ of British people don t have breakfast or lunch. A. 10% B. 20% C. 30% D. 50% 18.What is the most important meal of the day? A. dinner B. lunch C. breakfast D. snacks 19.What does the writer think of having dinner after 8 pm? A. It is not healthy. B. It is very common
33、C. It is important. D. It is good for digestive system. 20.What does the writer want to tell us? A. Many people don t have breakfast. B. Eating snacks is bad for health. C. Several ways to keep healthy. D. We should have meals regularly. A Many young Chinese people make their effort to get a good ni
34、ghts sleep which could be harming their health， according to the results of a major survey published to mark World Sleep Day The Chinese Sleep Research Society surveyed nearly 60 ， 000people aged 10to 45，and found that 91percent of them reported “not having enough sleep“ or “still being tired after
35、sleep“ Only about 5.6percent of respondents said they felt energetic after sleep About three quarters of respondents said they experienced difficulty falling asleep ， and 13percent said they really struggled to fall asleep Only about 11percent said they could sleep through the night without waking u
36、p Many respondents said that work pressure has a main influence on their sleep quality ， and could lead to bad sleep The survey showed 60percent of the respondents would choose to work instead of sleep In general， people with good education background were cared to be more self-disciplined（自律的） abou
37、t getting enough sleep， but only 5percent of respondents had a routine （常规的）daily schedule Sleep problems have little direct connection with income （收入） ， working conditions or social status ， according to the survey“The part of people with bad sleep is almost the same in different social layers，“ t
38、he report stated Surveyors said that stress ， worries， and low spirits were the main causes in bad sleep ， it would get worse because of by the obsession（着魔）with electronic products that could cause blue light effects breaking sleep Some 93percent said they would play with smartphones before sleep ，
39、 watching TV series or shopping online Surveyors believed that the random life schedules would lead young Chinese people to have low work efficiency， low appetite， but higher cancer risk 21.How many people in the survey can sleep through the night without waking up ？ _ A. About 60，000B. About 30， 00
40、0C. About 6 ，600D. About 54 ，000 22.The word “ respondents “ in the passage means _ A. The people who take part in this survey B. The people who have sleep problems in China C. The people who have difficulty falling asleep D. The people who try to get a good nights sleep 23.What mainly influences ou
41、r sleep quality ？ _ A. Education and stressB. Work pressure and income C. Working conditions and stress D. Work pressure and low spirits 24.The sleeping problem will get worse because of the followings EXCEPT _ A. thinking of the worries in the day B. watching TV series for a long time C. having a g
42、lass of milk before sleep D. playing with smartphones before sleep 25.What can learn from the passage？ _ A. People who have much money are sure to have a good sleep B. People from different social layers have different sleep problems C. Use smartphones less before sleep ， or youll have more sleep pr
43、oblems D. If people dont have routine daily schedule ， they will sleep well without waking up B Are you sometimes a little tired and sleepy in the early afternoon？ Many people feel this way after lunch. I have a habit of taking a nap (小睡 ) after lunch. Without a nap at noon，I will feel uncomfortable
44、 the whole afternoon. A nap after lunch can make me feel fresh and comfortable. Then I can work better in the afternoon. At noon about six to eight hours after you wake up your body temperature goes down. This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy. So it is best for you to take a nap after lun
45、ch for about an hour. In many parts of the world ， people take naps in the middle of the day ， especially in hot weather ， where the heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon. In fact， naps are good for everyone in any weather. A daily nap gives one a more relaxing body and mind in the early
46、afternoon ， and is good for health. In many countries where naps are traditional， people are seldom ill such as heart diseases. Many working people have no time to take naps though doctors may advise taking naps in the early afternoon. Here are a few tips about your nap: Remember that the best time
47、to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up. A short sleep too late in the day may only make you feel more tired and sleepy later. This can also happen if you sleep for too long. If you dont have enough time， try a short nap after lunch half an hour of nap can also be helpful. 26.How long is
48、 the best time for a nap after lunch ？ A. Ten minutes. B. Half an hour. C. An hour. 27.Naps at noon can make people suffer less from _ A. heart disease B. stomachache C. lung cancer 28.What does the underlined word “tips“ in the passage mean ？ A. 规则B. 小费C. 禁忌D. 小贴士 29.The best title of the passage is “ _” A. How to Work Better B. Taking Naps In the Early Afternoon C. How to Relax Body and Mind D. Tips to avoid Body Problems 1. D 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. D 10. B 11. D 12. C 13. A 14. D 15. A 16. A 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. D 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B