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1、LESSON 1tensile stress 拉应力tensile strain 拉应变compressive stress 压应力compressive strain 压应变normal stress 正应变normal strain 正应力cross section 横截面the tensile load 拉伸载荷bristtle materials 脆性材料ductile materials 塑性材料permanent deformation 永久变形allowable stress 许用应力allowable load 许用载荷ultimate stress极限应力concentrat
2、ed loads 集中载荷distributed loads 分布载荷simple beam 简支梁cantilever beam 悬臂梁beam with an overhang 外伸梁linear elastic range 线性弹性范围factor of safety 安全系数LESSON 2the maximum unit load 最大单位载荷stress-strain diagram 应力应变图yield point 屈服点plastic deformation塑性变形elastic deformation 弹性变形ultimate tensile strength 最大拉伸强度t
3、ensile strength 拉伸强度compressive strength 压缩强度bending strength 弯曲强度torsional strength 扭转强度shear strength 剪切强度fatigue strength 疲劳强度stress concentration 应力集中mechanical properties of metals 金属力学性能non-ferrous alloy 有色金属LESSON 3circular cross section 圆形横截面normal size 名义尺寸diameter of solid shaft 实心轴的直径outs
4、ide diameter of hollow shaft 空心轴的外径torsional deflection 扭转变形shear modulus of elasticity 剪切弹性模量the endurance limit 承受限度the allowable shearing stress 许用剪切应力the angle of twist 扭转角polar moment of inertia 极惯性矩rigid coupling 刚性联轴器flexible coupling 弹性联轴器rolling-element bearing 滚动轴承sliding bearing 滑动轴承coeff
5、icients of friction 摩擦系数LESSON 4diametral pitch 节径圆circular pitch 周节pitch circle 节圆base circle 基圆pressure angle 压力角spur gear 直齿轮helical gear斜齿轮herring-bone gear 人字形齿轮spiral gear 螺旋齿轮worm gear 蜗杆蜗轮bevel gear 锥齿轮hypoid gear 准双曲面齿轮rack-and-pinion drives 齿条-齿轮机构the tangency point 切点an involute curve 渐开线
6、at right angles 成直角belting 带传动chain drives 链传动gears in mesh 齿轮啮合LESSON 5plate cam 盘形凸轮cylindrical cam 圆柱凸轮translation cam 移动凸轮face cam 面凸轮constant-diameter cam 等径凸轮cam profiles 凸轮轮廓camshaft 凸轮轴roller follower 滚子从动件pivoted follower 摆动从动件viscosity index 粘度指数extension spring 拉伸弹簧compression spring 压缩弹簧
7、torsion spring 扭转弹簧outside diameter 外径inside diameter 内径LESSON 6transmission 变速器differential 差速器clutch 离合器propeller shaft 传动轴universal joint 万向节internal combustion engine 内燃机LESSON 7sand casting 砂型铸造mold cavity 型腔green sand 型砂patterns 模型gross shrinkage 缩孔linear expansion 线性膨胀molten metal 融融金属organic
8、 material 有机材料inorganic material 无机材料the rate of solidification 凝固速率pattern draft 拔模斜度sprues 直浇道runners 横浇道gates 内浇口ferrous materials 黑色金属nonferrous materials 有色金属risering 冒口finishing operations 修整LESSON 8hammer forging 锤锻press forging 锻压open-die forging 开模锻impression-die 型腔模锻extrusion forging 挤压模锻r
9、oll forging 辊扎锻ring rolling环状轧制hot working 热加工cold working 冷加工mass production 大批量生产computer simulation 计算机仿真CAD=computer aided design 计算机辅助设计CAM=computer aided manufacturing 计算机辅助制造NC=numerical control 数控be rough- and finished-machined 粗加工和精加工precision forging 精密锻造high strength-to-weight ratio 高强度与重
10、量比deep drawing 深拉LESSON 9Arc welding 电弧焊melting temperature 熔化温度current density 电流密度direct current 直流电alternating current 交流电the electrode coating 焊条gas tungsten-arc welding 气体钨电弧焊resistance welding 电阻焊butt welding 端焊seam welding 缝焊LESSON10plain carbon steel 普通碳素钢carbon content 碳含量low carbon steel 低
11、碳钢medium carbon steel 中碳钢high carbon steel 高碳钢stainless steel 不锈钢alloy steel 合金钢high speed steel 高速钢gray iron 灰铸铁malleable iron 可锻铸铁white iron 白口铸铁spheroid graphite cast iron 球墨铸铁 LESSON 11heat treatment of metal 金属热处理normalizing 正火annealing 退火spheroidizing 球化退火hardening of steel 钢的硬化I-T curve 等温转变曲
12、线thermal stress 热应力LESSON 12normal size 名义尺寸normal dimension 名义大小actual size 实际尺寸limits of size 极限尺寸basic size 基本尺寸upper deviation 上偏差lower deviation 下偏差clearance fit 间隙配合interference fit 过盈配合transition fit 过渡配合the hole-basis system 基孔制the shaft-basis system 基轴制grade of tolerance 公差等级standard tolera
13、nce 标准公差the zone of tolerance 公差带engineering drawing 工程图interchangeability 互换性surface roughness 表面粗糙度LESSON 16the metal removal rate 金属去除率peripheral milling 圆周铣削face milling 端面铣削plain or slab milling 平面铣削up milling 逆铣down milling 顺铣the clamping device 夹紧装置profile cutters 仿形铣刀arbor cutters 心轴铣刀shank
14、cutters 带柄铣刀cutting edges 切削刃horizontal spindle milling machine 卧式铣床vertical spindle milling machine 立式铣床drill press 钻床sensitive drill press 台式钻床upright drill press 立式钻床radial arm drill press 摇臂钻床LESSON14rake angle 前角cutting tool 金属切削刀具tungsten carbide tools 碳化钨刀具ceramic tools 陶瓷刀具tool failure 刀具失效t
15、ool life 刀具寿命cutting fluid 切削液LESSON15machine tool 机床machine center 加工中心lather 车床headstock assembly 主轴箱组件tailstock assembly 尾座组件carriage assembly 溜板箱组件gear box 齿轮箱speed lather 高速车床engine lather 普通车床turing 车外缘facing 车端面LESSON17centreless grinding 无心磨削LESSON18electric discharge machining 电火花加工electric
16、 discharge wire cutting 电火花线切割加工LESSON21peripheral equipment 外围设备degree of freedom 自由度LESSON22artificial intelligence 人工智能computer aided process planning 计算机辅助工艺规划LESSON23FMS=flexible manufacturing system 柔性制造系统CIM=computer integrated manufacturing 计算机集成制造Coordinate measuring machines 坐标测量机electro-chemical machining 电化学加工ultrasonic machining 电超声波加工常见元素copper 铜brass 黄铜bronze 青铜graphite 石墨tungsten 钨magnesium 镁aluminum 铝chromium 铬manganese 锰