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1、小学音标与辨音一、英语国际音标。长元音：/:/ /:/ /:/ /i:/ /u:/元音短元音：/ / / / / /e/ /双元音：/e/ /a/ / / /e/ / / /a/清辅音：/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ / /s/ / /h/ /ts/ /t/ /tr/浊辅音：/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ / /z/ / /r/ /dz/ /d/ /dr/辅音鼻 音：/m/ /n/ /半元音：/j/ /w/边 音：/l/二、26个字母发音规律。A a /e/：name；cake；table；/：apple；cat；map；am；/:/：want；dance；/o/；what；watch；B b
2、 /b/：book；big；bag；box；C c /k/：cat；cake；cup；clock；car；/s/：face；nice；pencil；books；D d /d/：desk；doll；dog；dad；E e /i:/：he；she；meet；me；/e/：elephant；egg；bed；pen；F f /f/：fine；friend；fly；foot；fan；G g /g/：gun；glass；glad；glove；/d/：age；orange；H h /h/：hat；he；house；hand；I I /a/：fine；bike；five；ice；/：is；sit；miss；p
3、ig；picture；J j /d/：jeep；jam；jacket；jar；K k /k/：kite；cake；black；thank；L l /l/：leg；left；ruler；flag；lamp； /l/：apple；bowl；tell；old；M m /m/：am；map；my；mouth；milk；N n /n/：no；know；new；hand；O o /：old；home；nose；coke；/o/：dog；not；clock；box；/：son；month；mother；love；P p /p/：map；jeep；pig；pen；apple；Q q/kw/：quite；qui
4、lt；quick；R r /r/：red；radio；brother；racket；S s /s/：sit；miss；this；smile；books；/z/：nose；those；rose；rulers；T t /t/：it；sit；not；that；table；little；U u /ju:/：use；usually；excuse；/：bus；us；sun；duck；/：put；pull；push；V v /v/：five；vase；very；seven；W w /w/：we；window；watch；want；X x /ks/：box；six；fox；Y y /a/：my；fly；why
5、；bye；/j/yes；yellow；/happy；baby；very；Z z /z/：zoo；zero；三、常用字母或字母组合发音规律。（一）与元音字母A相关的单词：1.ea在开音节中，发字母音，后面有不发音的e：face；grade；cake；lake；make；take；snake；name；plane；date；plate；2.a在闭音节中：dad；sad；bag；can；fan；man；and；hand；thank；map；cat；fat；that；hat；family；3.:ar组合：car；far；star；card；scarf；market；hard；park；arm；farm
6、；4.eai组合：tail；rainy；train；wait；waiter；waitress；5.eair组合：air；hair；chair；stairs；6.eay组合：day；today；play；may；May；say；way；stay；7.ay组合：Monday；Tuesday；Friday；8.:al组合：talk；walk；chalk；9.:lall组合：all；ball；small；tall；wall；mall；call；fall；10.:sas或ass组合：ask；class；glass；pass；grass；last；11.a在w后面：wash；what；watch；want
7、；12.:aw组合：draw；（二）与元音字母E相关的单词：1.i:e在开音节中，发字母音：be；he；she；me；we；these；Chinese；2.ee在闭音节中：bed；red；leg；spell；hen；then；when；pen；ten；dress；let；3.ere组合：here；4.eere组合：there；where5.i:ea组合：sea；tea；peach；teacher；read；please；eat；meat；seat；dream；6.eea组合：head；bread；feather；weather；7.ear组合：ear；dear；hear；near；8.eear
8、组合：bear；pear；9.:ear组合：early；year；learn；10.i:ee组合：bee；three；tree；see；need；feel；green；sleep；feet；meet；feed；（三）与元音字母I相关的单词：1.ai在开音节中，发字母音：hi；ice；nice；rice；ride；bike；like；time；fine；nine；write；kite；2.i在闭音节中：which；chick；sick；big；pig；milk；him；swim；in；begin；ship；is；3.:ir组合：bird；shirt；skirt；sir；girl；circle；t
9、hirty；thirteen；thirsty；4.aigh组合：light；right；flight；tight；（四）与元音字母O相关的单词：1.o在开音节中，发字母音：go；no；so；phone；those；close；nose；rose；home；rope；hole；2.o在闭音节中：clock；dog；on；long；song；shop；stop；hot；not；donkey；3.o：mother；brother；come；some；monkey；4.:or组合：or；for；short；forty；horse；store；5.oa组合：road；boat；coat；goat；soa
10、p；6.u:oo组合：too；zoo；cool；school；room；moon；afternoon；spoon；kangaroo；7.oo组合：good；foot；classroom；look；book；cookies；8.aou组合：cloudy；house；mouse；about；mouth；mountain；9.aow组合：cow；how；now；brown；down；flower；10.ow组合：slow；know；（五）与元音字母U相关的单词：1.ju:u在开音节中，发字母音：excuse；use；2.u在闭音节中：run；sun；cup；but；bus；cut；mum；under
11、；hug；duck；3.:ur组合：nurse；turn；hurt；fur；（六）Y与I的发音相似在开音节中读a：sky；fly；July；my；try；why；eye；bye；（七）辅音字母组合1.trtr组合：tree；truck；try；street；straight；trafficlights；2.drdr组合：drink；dress；drive；driver；draw；dresser；dream；hundred；3.fph和gh组合：elephant；telephone；laugh；photo；4.tch组合：chicken；chair；China；Chinese；watch;5.k
12、ch组合：school；Christmas；headache；6.kck组合：chicken；duck；black；blackboard；sick；7.wwh组合：what；where；when；why；which；white；wheel；附：五个元音因素练习。A a( )1、cake A. take B. cat( )2、name A. bag B. plane( )3、China A. about B. want( )4、after A. class B. wash( )5、What A. watch B. father( )6、cat A. flag B. baby( )7、late A
13、. game B. any( )8、have A. happy B. past( )9、animal A. apple B. past( )10、make A. plane B. awayE e( )1、me A. these B. bed( )2、he A. Chinese B. egg( )3、she A. best B. we( )4、let A. evening B. red( )5、lesson A. desk B. open( )6、mess A. me B. letter( )7、hen A. letter B. Chinese( )8、vegetable A. hen B. a
14、pple( )9、eng A. pen B. me( )10、pen A. he B. eggI i( )1、ring A. shine B. miss( )2、mistake A. big B. find( )3、milk A. pick B. child( )4、nine A. line B. dish( )5、drive A. live B. bright( )6、pig A. finished B. pilot( )7、bike A. time B. city( )8、swim A. kite B. sit( )9、drink A. fish B. time( )10、find A.
15、high B. chickenO o( )1、nose A. dog B. boat( )2、those A. go B. not( )3、lose A. stop B. old( )4、do A. who B. no( )5、home A. cold B. box( )6、whose A. who B. close( )7、also A. photo B. tonight( )8、cola A. most B. lose( )9、not A. cook B. clock( )10、sock A. those B. shopU u( )1、duck A. hurry B. cute( )2、b
16、us A. Tuesday B. but( )3、cup A. lunch B. excuse( )4、blue A. ruler B. January( )5、autumn A. popular B. difficult辨音练习（一）一、找出画线部分读音与所给的单词画线部分读音相同的一项。 A B C ( )1. black come cinema chair( )2. moon who open woman( ) 3.art what garden apple( ) 4.us but you music( ) 5.milk five like in( ) 6.teach tea learn
17、 dress( ) 7.laugh uncle aunt house ( ) 8.doctor paper work horse( ) 9.clean sleep behind help ( ) 10.dance day rabbit art ( ) 11.mother thirty kitchen this( ) 12.nurse snake nose those ( ) 13.close who look phone二、读音相同打不同的打。( ) 1. close go ( )2.chair hair ( ) 3. room book ( ) 4.girl first ( ) e danc
18、e ( ) 6.forget egg ( ) 7.father bathroom ( ) 8.woman man ( ) 9. pot stove ( )10. match blanket ( )11. cow show ( )12.telescope does( ) 13. tin site ( )14. their thing ( )15.look book ( )16.fine fridge ( )17.have whose ( )18.great bread三、找出划线部分与其余三个单词发音不同的选项。 A B C D( ) 1.garden parent large laugh( )
19、 2. play vase day make( ) 3. study jump sun student( ) 4. elephant of phone first( ) 5. book moon zoo room( ) 6. with thin math bathroom( ) 7. sofa telephone over song( ) 8. evening me chicken sweet( ) 9.pig orange grandpa together( )10.children thing behind sit( )11. help chess tent children( )12.
20、these bed me she( )13. nice five hill beside ( )14. tiger ring picture thin ( )15. clothes over pot coat( )16.school chess teach children( )17.circle girl Tuesday nurse( )18. of laugh fat fly( )19.us sun spoon watches( )20.can class circle cat四、找出划线部分与其余三个单词发音不同的选项。( )1. A. map B. family C. bag D. b
21、ed ( )2. A. eat B. meet C. ski D. his ( )3. A. dear B. their C. where D. pair ( )4. A. when B. here C. hat D. who ( )5. A. whose B. those C. his D. this ( )6. A. China B. Christmas C. school D. kite ( )7. A. about B. wow C. young D. ground ( )8. A. four B. wall C. hot D. door ( )9. A. those B. think
22、 C. thanks D. math ( )10. A. father B. mother C. run D. country ( )11. A. banana B. warm C. garden D. are ( )12. A. too B. book C. put D. look ( )13. A. kite B. sit C. pink D. eleven ( )14. A. need B. bee C. bread D. teach ( )15. A. brother B. girl C. term D. purse ( )16. A. nice B. yes C. this D. p
23、lease ( )17. A. farmer B. Saturday C. nurse D. China ( )18. A. coat B. lot C. roll D. home ( )19. A. doll B. so C. know D. road ( )20. A. got B. blow C. know D. shoulder ( )21. A. way B. they C. wait D. key ( )22. A. ruler B. new C. you D. duty ( )23. A. she B. sure C. school D. fish ( )24. A. bags
24、B. pens C. maps D. yours ( )25. A. old B. not C. notebook D. note ( )26. A. bank B. name C. place D. eight ( )27. A. high B. why C. site D. sit ( )28. A. should B. would C. look D. shoulder ( )29. A. under B. fat C. some D. cousin ( )30. A. English B. sing C. morning D. writing ( )31. A. watch B. wa
25、ter C. wash D. box ( )32. A. clock B. close C. clothes D. bowl ( )33. A. other B. under C. dance D. cousin ( )34. A. now B. out C. house D. know ( )35. A. write B. we C. what D. wow ( )36. A. wrong B. hobby C. come D. got ( )37. A. change B. fat C. age D. date ( )38. A. forget B. first C. ruler D. u
26、mbrella ( )39. A. door B. order C. daughter D. orange ( )40. A. thank B. under C. bank D. England ( )41. A. man B. bag C. jacket D. policeman ( )42. A. have B. bed C. bread D. many ( )43. A. desk B. fever C. next D. sweater ( )44. A. egg B. meet C. these D. eat ( )45. A. stopped B. watched C. coat D
27、. cleaned ( )46. A. about B. America C. ago D. ask ( )47. A. need B. pen C. banana D. think ( )48. A. those B. mouth C. they D. brother ( )49. A. there B. think C. both D. math ( )50. A. talk B. work C. ball D. or ( )51. A. worry B. water C. four D. fork ( )52. A. study B. monkey C. eleven D. evenin
28、g ( )53. A. sofa B. mask C. large D. half ( )54. A. why B. whose C. where D. which ( )55. A. here B. bear C. there D. pair ( )56. A. photo B. five C. knife D. pencil ( )57. A. dear B. hear C. near D. pear ( )58. A. only B. office C. old D. road ( )59. A. lesson B. listen C. family D. guitar ( )60. A
29、. is B. his C. yes D. please ( )61. A. you B. twenty C. yellow D. yes ( )62. A. nice B. horse C. delicious D. those ( )63. A. glass B. after C. aunt D. other ( )64. A. hair B. where C. there D. here ( )65. A. miss B. excuse C. kite D. family ( )66. A. street B. sweater C. key D. read ( )67. A. work
30、B. walk C. term D. bird ( )68. A. apple B. bag C. many D. fan ( )69. A. clock B. pencil C. uncle D. kite ( )70. A. not B. nose C. orange D. hobby ( )71. A. site B. milk C. my D. light ( )72. A. put B. good C. foot D. ruler ( )73. A. love B. sock C. come D. up ( )74. A. toy B. boy C. toilet D. buildi
31、ng ( )75. A. shirts B. kites C. friends D. coats ( )76. A. change B. orange C. juice D. bag ( )77. A. sea B. sign C. sweater D. sure ( )78. A. school B. ache C. jacket D. knife ( )79. A. coffee B. free C. feel D. tea ( )80. A. ready B. really C. hear D. here辨音练习（二）一、圈出划线部分的发音不同的选项。1. treestreetgreat
32、2. manyanyscarf3. masksfathersclassrooms4. hisletterriddle5. fortyshortsteacher6. ballparkwalk talk7. blocksoftglove8. sockshotwhose9. shoeswhosegood10. bookfoodfootball11. asksbasketsgrass12. armsstarsmarkets13. classesglassesbasketballs14. goatboatrain15. ninetytimecinema16. dryflyhappy17. heredea
33、rthere18. picturesure19.whowhosewhen20. waterwashwatchbox21. cowcurtaincoincinema22. showsnowyellownow23.wherewhatwhitewrite24.cancarcousinnice25. shoessweatersjeanssocks26.thankwiththatbrother27. namegametablefather28.cityicedancedoctor29. livefishcinemacoin30. theyeightrainkey31. sweaterbreadteabr
34、eakfast32. numbersomephotopuppet33. toyboygoatcoin34. jacketrabbitpandastamp35. planestandelephantorange36. loveoldcoldhello37. chesssheredvest38. lunchunclenumberhungry39. thirtyherturkeythirsty40. wheretherewearpear41. flowertrousersblousehouse42.whenwatchbetweenwrite43. A.thatB.thirtyC.ThursdayD. math44. A. fastB. radioC. cakeD. shape45. A. stoveB.openC. goD. gloves46. A. mouthB.thankC.threeD.this二、找出与所给单词画线部分读音相同的的一项。( )1. black A. comeB. grandmaC. chair( )2.moon A. whoB.openC. woman( )3.art A. whatB. garden