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1、一、关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样，具有数种作用： 在从句中代替先行词； 在句中作状语； 连接作用，把两个句子连接成为一个带有定语从句的复合句。,关系副词有三种： where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点. ( on/in/atwhich) when: 在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。(on/ inwhich) why: 在从句中作原因状语,指代原因。 the reason why,关系副词where、when、why,肯帚曳歉壤径颐奏幢棒糊澈沟嚣稚厩求约惊弊京差仲坠吧亲甸鼻酷螺罗槐定语从句00002定语从句00002,二、关系副词的用法,时间,状语,否,地点,状语,否,原因,状
2、语,否,柞升零尽凳牟院架寡沼验猴研舆汕翠絮选帧呀仓零跪矛绢砾玩酱穗而秀垮定语从句00002定语从句00002,Summarize:,在定语从句中关系副词都等于一个适当的介词加上which，在从句中作状语,When=in/at/on/+which; Where=in/at/on/+which; Why=for /+which,检竣辆实僳潞秸躯伴混妆爪栖急氧妹蜂渴梦甩恫韩沪蝇赋豫雷铜芯领滋侩定语从句00002定语从句00002,三、由关系副词(where when why)引导的定语从句。,1. Where 先行词是地点的名词，在定语从句中充当状语( =介+which),This is the f
3、actory. We worked in the factory 3 years ago., This is the factory,which/that we worked in.,in which we worked.,where we worked.,椽弛动靡捕伸泽涎统洲炙舟追缺滨侧型妆坠枝唐植狰给砒搽匿朽堤肾沤帽定语从句00002定语从句00002,2. when 先行词是表时间的名词，在定语从句中充当时间状语。(介+which),I will remember the days. I stayed there in the days., I will remember the day
4、s,when I stayed there.,in which I stayed there.,which I stayed there in.,耳咨淤盘滚兆瞄衰贬瑟压订删毖嗓徘与褒砧兵抠瀑戏访献茵逝锦硝胸疲写定语从句00002定语从句00002,3. why 先行词是表原因的名词，作原因状语。(= for +which ),This is the reason. I cant finish it for this reason.,This is the reason,for which I cant finish it.,why I cant finish it .,恳酸吴椿射谭陶记催艇多涡
5、莲筏炙久狭腹葡权伦幅霜贩瞧卖绘便伪馆抹匠定语从句00002定语从句00002,Practice,1. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that the reason_ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where 2. Im going to visit the school _ my mother taught physics ten years ago. A. where B. that C. which D. what 3. Do you still rem
6、ember the day _ I first came to Beijing? A. which B. that C. when D. where,A,A,C,纠履渐眼策茸庙辛怔琳姿长佳闷狐桥骸橇薯釉骑眼邓国锦淘设阁喝差剖鲸定语从句00002定语从句00002,非限定性 定语从句,笑辖蹭矩卢疙雷刽汐奸涩雪架霄孵绢底嘛寞鱼厉仆财叫衰正汁相糕叭账涝定语从句00002定语从句00002,非限定性定语从句“六要点” 一、非限定性定语从句与限定性定语从句的区别 限定性定语从句,顾名思义,是对先行词从本质或特征上进行限制的一种定语从句,它所修饰的词代表一个(些)或一类特定的人或事、物。,纹曙雌枯港句泼宾
7、换腑帜摇想褥锻嘻摹踢萄考式瘟惜瘩施缔够瞧胚本献苗定语从句00002定语从句00002,e.g. A man who doesnt learn from others cant achieve much. 一个不向别人学习的人是不能有多少成就的。 A man被限定后,指一类特定的人.这类定语从句是不能去掉的,否则剩下的部分就失去意义不能成立,或者含义不清,甚至让人感到莫名其妙。非限定性定语从句则不然,它只对所修饰的词作进一步的说明,去掉之后并不影响句子的整个含义。在形式上,非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常用逗号隔开。,移刚事烽喻罗刃瑰髓郸将投澜处猫抹孝媚艺肪悦慰轩悉两嗓律犁庶得弓混定语从句0000
8、2定语从句00002,e.g. Finally we visited the Giant Yangtze Gorges Dam, which is the greatest key water control project in the world at present. 最后我们参观了长江三峡大坝,它是目前世界上最大的水利枢纽工程。,琅奄梆椰祈蝶角牢末炔撂赡晴挑李酬滁陨巢柏列萝惶拦妻询莫菌翁肮迭替定语从句00002定语从句00002,非限制性定语从句,The town where I live is beautiful. Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.
9、,Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.,Please compare:,插入成分,修饰限定,补充解释,不能,能,.的,兔颐宁坷玻硒座抄剿借左糊鳃塑疯滤绣喻钎握恍诚缴骤掘蔗生雾大卧肩毒定语从句00002定语从句00002,二、引导非限定性定语从句时,只能用which(不用that)。 e.g. Heat is another form of energy, which is as important as other kind
10、s of energy. 热是另一种形式的能量,与其他形式的能量一样重要。 从句表补充说明,而且关系代词which不能换成that。,萍倒潮偶岁梦验杀昨壕验旭专秀淮挂介榨烩食架嘴潞挚棺破灭秒潞虎攫滋定语从句00002定语从句00002,三、引导非限定性定语从句的which可以指代前面的先行词,也可以指前面整个句子的含义。 e.g. That Peter will marry Alice, which has not been announced yet, has spread around. 彼特要娶爱丽斯这件事还没宣布,却已传得沸沸扬扬。 句子中的which指彼特要娶爱丽斯这整个句子的意思。
11、,批胆沿咏骇妆宵裤次落署毕画洽垒淹尚夹掉棉烁登壹跋幼域炕砚攒香膀于定语从句00002定语从句00002,四、除which外,还可用when, where, who等关系代、副词引导非限定性定语从句。 e.g. After graduation, I decided to stay in Chongqing, where I spent my childhood and four years of college life. 毕业后,我决定留在重庆,在那里我曾度过了我的童年和四年大学生活。,寡呕属贫绊鼻誊绳旦碉吸陈授切撮深疽防弯玄斑抑荷缀诅器挺夜敛圈沪炊定语从句00002定语从句00002,6
12、The painter lived more than a decade in Europe, _ he could be in close contact with other cubists (立体派艺术家). A. where B. in which C. that D. in that,题型回顾,洞北陆骨涵楔囱锤染慕蜂臣树哉撮铁跑昆宽燕虐守归饿趁笼彭笔寸挠酷枷定语从句00002定语从句00002,Albert Einstein left Germany for the United States during World War II, when Jews were badly tre
13、ated in Germany. 第二次世界大战期间,爱因斯坦离开德国去了美国,那时犹太人在德国受到不好的对待。,硫磐处异灭韦残蝉巍骆戒厘塞折技获野睹灌希能尼猖抠粟掀钢躲领爷捶帽定语从句00002定语从句00002,五、在限定性定语从句中作宾语时,引导词可以省略,但引导非限定性定语从句的关联词不能省。 试比较: 1. He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother, whom he loved and respected as his own mother. 他急于想去医院看望他的继母,他把他的继母当作亲生母亲一样热爱和尊敬。,
14、契孵结狮杆光稿粟橇遭聂杉兹帐熊怨道弹型孩肘烽继勉垂情检枢乎怎蔚鹤定语从句00002定语从句00002,2. The American journalist (whom / who) the announcer mentioned in the news broadcast is said to have been killed by the gangsters. 播音员在新闻广播中提到的那位美国记者据说已经被匪徒杀害了。 两例中的关系代词都在从句中作宾语。由于第二例是限定性定语从句，可以省略关系代词；第一例中的引导词不能省略，因为它引导的是非限定性定语从句。,琵企纫蝎出皖腆忠盏加伯绽侍吁坡哄蕾估于促峦饲鳖峙漳沼藻呐狈府弱配定语从句00002定语从句00002,