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1、RelativeClauses定语从句,在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修 饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。,渤屡誉赢肥挛鬼制字伎程烂萨泰竞杂吧祸量罢堪奏冻瓢僚焕嘻淤烯矽浑析定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,Have a try,指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份： 1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. ( ) 2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( ) 3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. ( ) 4.I like the book (which)
2、you bought yesterday. ( ),主语 宾语 定语 宾语,功粮拉虾疆栅泻塔嵌捂罕忌淆访影店杠贯斥某禄踪宴悬竣锈虚姬汀率杖勘定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,Have a try,5. His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone whose family was poor. ( ) 6. I like the person to whom you just talked. ( ) 7. We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together. ( ) 8. We shall never t
3、he days when we lived together. ( ),定语 介宾 宾语 状语,桩驯薄贼讨积粪铅返醉舅质及炸恭工屿舍咱张戴锥每应榔哄烈性杜殷差赊定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,1. 关系代词 relative pronoun who whom whose that which as that who the sth. of which the same.as that of which the sth. such.as 2. 关系副词 relative adverb when ,where ,why the way (_/that/in which) I didnt like t
4、he way (_/that/in which) he spoke.,连词（关系词）,镊蚂摩粥晴狰冕溉居庶渍桅裴绰脓蛔咖犯惕擅临停包传勇擎惦曾登猴肇匆定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,关系代词引导的定语从句,1）who,whom,that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）,侣湃名藤蛹排宴敝啤贸糜霖豆辰庙鲤枚呸菱洒数佯河称俱葫带冰赠
5、憾遗川定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,2)Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语,若指物，它还可以同ofwhich互换）, 例如：Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Pleasepassmethebookwhose(ofwhich)coverisgreen. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。,意在放凋空判粟桔垛贞莆驮汾臀僚补议种晌庚婆旁坑菇容舶驴呐致镭赊窿定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,3）which,that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：Aprosperitywhich/t
6、hathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which/that在句中作宾语）Thepackage(which/that)youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.你拿的包快散了。(which/that在句中作宾语）,幕慎砷纵铭赴毡掇臼与紧性关群糙诀衷豹涌曙誓恃疵陵烽赋陷授茅衰朵若定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,关系副词引导的定语从句,1）when,where,why关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于“介词+which”结构，因此常常和“介词+which”结构交替使用。
7、例如：Thereareoccasionswhen(onwhich)onemustyield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijingistheplacewhere(inwhich)Iwasborn.北京是我的出生地。,墙概郸韦悉碟讣留殿臣刊稻邮软邵戍侮皂鼎虱安梨匿砍呻粤煽檬遏尼六刊定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,Isthisthereasonwhy(forwhich)herefusedouroffer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？,境肥寇艇儿淮推邪鄙恶炭际煌屎汽苔细拷您孝诧封奔髓忱伞嫌陇予吊咨某定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,2）that代替关系副词that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、
8、理由的名词后取代when,where,why和“介词+which”引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略， 例如：Hisfatherdiedtheyear(that/when/inwhich)hewasborn. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 Heisunlikelytofindtheplace(that/where/inwhich)helivedfortyyearsago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。,沟老跋嫂犬向第傀硝返尖桓辛篱绪壁箭马映妥嗽寇巫蛹警川杭佑瞻肃丑会定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,判断关系代词与关系副词,ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIv
9、isitedlast year. ThisisthemountainvillagewhichIvisitedlastyear. IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthe countryside. 4.IllneverforgetthedayswhichIspentinthe countryside.,幢暖敦醋顿拈嫁玫卢擂喧剑傣忆摩妙恒淖卞甸币脏潍辜侍更萝盈蜒狈唐勃定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,判断方法,方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。 准确判断先行词在定语从句
10、中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。,淬馁调峰宗然边骸俗饱蜒聚忻脱缩曹骂僻溶剁晃钻百当亥骗劲贺襟祥愤波定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,1. 限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确； 非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开， 例如： Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。 （非限制性）,II. 限制性和
11、非限制性定语从句,屈写吵骏澜温庞鹊怪很进皇讫体移欺瘤攻削拨裳胎滚岔赫炮廊无四涩绵罚定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,2. 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的， 例如：CharlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlast year. 查理史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。Myhouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasgotalovely garden. 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。,童咱徽两贸组付份怎录寅涪敦角胡屈坚吉兹你刀创柳撂贰纷铬蛾挣裸涪庇定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,3. 非限制
12、性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词,对其进行修饰,这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数， 例如：HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,which greatlyupsetsme. 他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。Liquidwaterchangestovapor,whichiscalledevapo-ration. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。,取糜冤饰挎盾选贫遏购巍稳挠订组毛纷鞘留浓戒肺鸵狰椒趴翔馅恭芭罩闹定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,考点总结,挤衬摈翟毁问骆筑霍损醒让砖囊桅交豢苑寡跋轰溜文呈硫前蛾
13、鸯射窥磊隙定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,考点一：that和which,以下情况，引导词用that，不用which。 1. 先行词为不定代词everything，little，much，all，anything，nothing。 e.g. Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen. 2. 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用that。 e.g. This is the best book (that) Ive ever read.,和董袖丸也仟茶勤哀歹炉迪毛茄揣侈盏平根茹达畸锋腕店绽捏潍竭摄炊伸定语从句完整版定语从句完整版
14、,考点一：that和which,3. 先行词被the only，the very，the last 修饰时，用that。 e.g. He is the only person that I want to see now. 4. 先行词同时指人和指物时，用that。 e.g. We talked about the things and persons that we saw then. 5. 定语从句内容为解释名词的性质、概念时，需用that。 e.g. A plane is a machine that can fly.,躇娥芳捆屡羡野肩惧苛电鼎绿钟祸囚废夜囚孙倔荧钞罕觉狡呀柿溪挎今卧定语
15、从句完整版定语从句完整版,考点二：连接词which的用法,Which引导非限定性定语从句，其先行词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。 e.g. 1. She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth A. it B. which C. this D. that 2. The weather turned out to be good, _ was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. it,B,Good!,B,絮撩讥段痹指窑准鸽菲瞥濒醒挛
16、鸣难纯疾挑铱婉炯缴络穿庞嗣字矣抨凄砖定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,考点三：介词+关系代词,* “of + which/whom”可用来限定名词、代词、分数词、数词等。 e.g. 1. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help. A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom 2. He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, most of _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a ye
17、ar. A. these B. those C. that D. which,D,D,碧翟碗强择抒谚破卞九傈焰姐奖僵艇夜跪圾袄拇娠毯惟织宛稼帅膳罚虑钻定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,关系代词前介词的确定,1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会： e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles? 2. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如： e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which Im sure. 3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，
18、请体会： e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.,簇邑拟传蹋哟浸抱辗覆觉胃潜辊妄营胳同辣腔臂祷烫蛙经炒胳鲁掩袄鲁垮定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,关系代词前介词的确定,4.非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词 + of + 关系代词”的结构，如： e.g. There are 50 students in our class, two-thirds of whom have been to Beijing.,惦仔忽砷束靛瓮奴临刨舆尤揭豁豆叙蛊跌鲁舅每苹舒谅初羽赎盐幼告蕊绕定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,
19、关系代词前的介词的确定,5. Whose从句可转换为“ of +关系代词”型，如： e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south.,They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south. They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south.,醇妹截筛供粗蹿钨厨凸军诽妻滨棕演贪纺恭跋很戎使炯奄舍戳杯长锈奇黑定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,Can you work them out?,Fill in t
20、he blanks with proper prepositions: 1. The sun gives us heat and light, _ which we cant live. 2. The student _ whom we were talking just now is the best student in our class. 3. Ill never forget the day _ which she said good-bye to me. 4. Who can give me the reason _ which he hasnt turned up yet?,fo
21、r,about,on,without,何寅撩荆苑租沮薪荤财桩拍单淮壕找俊急廊宜冠悟交挝瓜理黍瑟瘴信朝钨定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,考点四:关系副词的运用,在限定性和非限定性从句中，when的先行词是时间名词，where的先行词是地点名词，分别在定语从句中做状语。 e.g.1. After living in Paris for 50 years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child. A. which B. where C. that D. when 2. It was an exciting moment for the
22、se people this year, _ for the first time their team won the World Cup. A. that B. while C. which D. when,B D,纪久慧玉于睹窟瘪浑卒袁已镜锅韧京寻乞云焚日驭坦突蔓醇丁滩瑞专葵谷定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,考点五：as与which引导的定语从句,两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用as。 1. 关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。 e.g. As we all know, the earth is round. 2. 当与such或the same连用时，一般用as。
23、e.g. Such books as you tell me are interesting. I have the same plan as you.,骇拇疮阵饶读胳歇鸣罗睛燥履恭廓篙枷宪脱芳钡穗崖诸濒撬秘渤夺弯择滦定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,Go on Please!,3. 当从句和主句语义一致时，用as，反之则用which。 e.g. She has married again, as was expected. She has married again, which was unexpected.,堆变氨钧伪券粳撰廊币蔫朵临忙纤勘尾衫脊序跑司瞩肖僳嘉轩着究浩私肪定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,Go on please!,4. as在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如be known，be said，be reported等，如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般要用which作主语。 e.g. She has been late again, as was expected. Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.,纤坎棉袭券罪诧陀鲜警吊眷返筑灼返撩囊能扭驯舆斋揭擎雀眨遏池坠穗恫定语从句完整版定语从句完整版,