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1、 (A卷)优选专业年级 XXX XXXX 学号 姓名 授课教师 座号 -装-订-线- 共 12 页 第2 页Part II Reading Comprehension (25 points)Section A (15 points)Directions: Choose the best answer for each of the questions or statements in the three passages below. Passage 1Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Before the mid-ni
2、neteenth century, people in the United States ate most foods only in season. Drying, smoking, and salting could preserve meat for a short time, but the availability of fresh meat, like that of fresh milk, was very limited as there was no way to prevent spoilage. But in the 1810s a French inventor na
3、med Nicolas Appert developed cooking-and-sealing process of canning. And in the 1850s, an American named Gail Borden developed a means of condensing and preserving milk. Canned goods and condensed milk became more common during the 1860s, but supplies remained low because cans had to be made by hand
4、. By the 1880s, however, inventors had fashioned stamping and soldering (焊接) machines that mass-produced cans from tinplate suddenly all kinds of food could be preserved and bought at all times of the year.Other trends and inventions had also helped make it possible for Americans to vary their daily
5、 diets. Growing urban populations created demand that encouraged fruit and vegetable farmers to raise more produce. Railroad refrigerator cars enabled growers and meat packers to ship perishables (易坏之物) great distances and to preserve them for longer periods. Thus, by the 1890s, northern city dwelle
6、rs (居民) could enjoy southern and western strawberries, grapes and tomatoes, previously available for a month at most, for up to six months of the year. In addition, increased use of the icebox enabled families to store perishables. An easy means of producing ice commercially had been invented in the
7、 1870s and by 1900 the nation had more than two thousand commercial ice plants, most of which made home deliveries. The icebox became a fixture (固定家具) in most homes and remained so until the mechanized refrigerator replaced it in the 1920s and 1930s.Almost everyone now had a more diversified diet. S
8、ome people continued to eat mainly foods that were heavy in starches (淀粉) or carbohydrates (碳水化合物；糖类), and not everyone could afford meat. Nevertheless, many families could take advantage of previously unavailable fruits, vegetables, and dairy products to achieve more varied fare (饮食).31. During the
9、 1860s, canned food products were _.A) unavailable in rural areasB) shipped in refrigerator carsC) available in limited quantitiesD) a staple part of the American diet32. It can be inferred that railroad refrigerator cars came into use _.A) before 1860 B) before 1890C) after 1900 D) after 192033. Th
10、e author implies that in the 1920s home deliveries of ice _.A) decreased in number B) were on an irregular scheduleC) increased in cost D) occurred only in the summer34. Which of the following type of food preservation was NOT mentioned in the passage? A) drying B) canning C) cold storage D) chemica
11、l additives35. What does the passage mainly discuss?A) Causes of food spoilage.B) Commercial production of ice.C) Inventions that led to changes in the American diet.D) Population movements in the nineteenth century. Passage 2Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Most people think of
12、 a camel as an obedient beast of burden, because it is best known for its ability to carry heavy loads across vast stretches of desert without requiring water. In reality, the camel is considerably more than just the Arabian equivalent of the mule. It also possesses a great amount of intelligence an
13、d sensitivity. The Arabs assert (断言) that camels are so acutely aware of injustice and ill treatment that a camel owner who punishes one of the beasts too harshly finds it difficult to escape the camels vengeance (复仇). Apparently, the animal will remember an injury and wait for an opportunity to get
14、 revenge.In order to protect themselves from the vengeful beasts, Arabian camel drivers have learned to trick their camels into believing they have achieved revenge. When an Arabian realizes that he has excited a camels rage, he places his own garments on the ground in the animals path. He arranges
15、the clothing so that it appears to cover a mans body. When the camel recognizes its masters clothing on the ground, it seizes the pile with its teeth, shakes the garments violently and tramples on them in a rage. Eventually, after its anger has died away, the camel departs, assuming its revenge is c
16、omplete. Only then does the owner of the garments come out of hiding, safe for the time being, thanks to this clever ruse (策略).36. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage? A) The camel never drinks water. B) The camel is always violent.C) The camel is very sensitive. D) The camel is rarel
17、y used anymore.37. It is implied in the passage that _.A) the mule is a stupid and insensitive animal B) the mule is as intelligent as the camel C) the mule is an animal widely used in the desert D) the mule is a vengeful animal38. From this passage we can conclude that _.A) camels are generally vic
18、ious towards their ownersB) camels usually treat their owners well C) camels dont see very well D) camels try to punish people who abuse them 39. The writer makes the camels vengeful behavior clearer to the reader by presenting _.A) a well-planned argument B) a large variety of examples C) some eyew
19、itness accounts D) a typical incident 40. The main idea of the passage is that _.A) camels can be as intelligent as their driversB) camels are sensitive to injustice and will seek revenge on those who harm themC) camel drivers are often the targets of camels revenge D) camels are sensitive creatures
20、 that are aware of injustice Passage 3Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.If women are mercilessly (无情地) exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always ta
21、ken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has
22、 nothing to wear.Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have
23、. Skirts are lengthened or shortened; neck-lines are lowered or raised, and so on.No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability (耐用). They are only interested i
24、n outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasnt at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or delicately picking her wa
25、y through deep snow in high-heeled shoes.When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashions of womens clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy (易变) and instability? Men are too clever to let themselv
26、es be cheated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide.41. Designers and big stores always make money_.A) by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industryB) because they are capable of pr
27、edicting new fashionsC) by constantly changing the fashions in womens clothingD) because they attach great importance to quality in womens clothing42. To the writer, the fact that women alter their old-fashioned dresses is seen as _.A) a waste of money B) a waste of timeC) an expression of taste D)
28、an expression of creativity43. The writer would be less critical if fashion designers placed more stress on the _ of clothing. A) cost B) appearance C) comfort D) suitability44. New fashions in clothing are created for _.A) the commercial exploitation of womenB) the womens strength of characterC) ba
29、sic qualities of inconstancy and instabilityD) an important contribution to society45. By saying “the conclusions to be drawn are obvious” (Line One, Paragraph Four) the writer means that_.A) womens inconstancy in their choice of clothing is often laughed atB) women are better able to put up with di
30、scomfortC) men are also exploited greatly by fashion designersD) men are more reasonable in the matter of fashionSection B: Word Selection (10 Points)Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select words or expressions for each blank from a list of choices
31、 given in a word bank following the passage. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on the Answer sheet. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Sometimes computer users are helping the hacker _46_. Most people do no
32、t use 47 methods to protect personal information because most people think they have very little a hacker might want.So, they often use their birthday as a PIN code to _48_ bank accounts, mobile phones and other personal information, to make it easier to remember.A recent survey from U.S. _49_ compa
33、ny Pentasafe suggested most people do not know how to _50_ a password that cannot be easily worked out. Pentasafes marketing director David Blackman said: “Hackers work very _51_. Once they uncover one password to the PC, getting the one to the cash point isnt rocket science. There is software _52_
34、on the Internet which can calculate passwords.Even a well-chosen password may not be enough to protect _53_ information as some hackers use _54_ methods when trying to break into our computers. The most likely way for bad guys to break into the system is through social engineering. This involves per
35、suading administrators or telephonists to give details of passwords or other things by _55_ to be staff, suppliers or trusted individualseven police officers.A) pretending B) security C) alert D) digital E) complexF) logically G) access H) set up I) keen J) clean upK) unknowingly L) available M) sop
36、histicatedN) device O) installPart III Vocabulary (25 points)Directions: There are 25 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.56. _, I agr
37、ee with you. Practically speaking, however, I dont think your idea will work.A) In general B) In public C) In brief D) In principle57. The speech which he made_ the project has bothered me greatly.A) being concerned B) concerning C) be concerned D) concerned58. A budget of five dollars a day is tota
38、lly _ for a trip round Europe.A) inadequate B) incapable C) indifferent D) inferior59. Tom is so heavy that the branch can hardly _ his weight.A) sustain B) retain C) maintain D) obtain60. The group of technicians are engaged in a study which _ all aspects of urban planning. A) performs B) embraces
39、C) grips D) inserts61. Can you give even the _ clue as to where his son might be? A) simplest B) slightest C) least D) utmost62. Id like to speak to you if you can _ me a minute or two.A) spare B) share C) save D) spend63. Computer _ affects the health of your computer just like its biological count
40、erpart makes you sick. A) symptom B) virus C) gene D) therapy64. The basic causes are unknown, although certain conditions that may lead to cancer have been _. A) identified B) guaranteed C) notified D) conveyed 65. I guess John didnt have a chance to win the election. Almost all of the people in th
41、e city _ for his opponent. A) elected B) voted C) selected D) chose66. The system was redesigned to embrace the network and eventually _ it in a profitable direction. A) adapt B) control C) install D) steer67. An important property of a scientific theory is its ability to _ further research and furt
42、her thinking about a particular topic. A) arouse B) renovate C) stimulate D) advocate68. When the boiler _, many people were injured. A) exploded B) exploited C) explored D) explained69. Their long struggle _ failure. A) ended off B) ended up C) ended with D) ended in70. In addition to the rising bi
43、rthrate and immigration, the _ death rate contributed to the population growth. A) inclining B) declining C) increasing D) descending71. The artist rented a large dirty attic, which he _ into a studio.A) transferred B) modified C) transformed D) renewed72. He was _ that none of his children would be
44、 denied an education.A) amounted B) acquired C) disposed D) determined73. The company _ that their products make you thin without dieting. A) confirms B) contains C) claims D) classifies74. It was _ that 40 percent of patients had high blood pressure. A) identified B) perceived C) observed D) associ
45、ated75. Logan made a speech _ the need for more volunteers. A) sympathizing B) emphasizing C) suspending D) attaching76. The regulations can only be _ by a special committee. A) modified B) converted C) classified D) exchanged77. She loved her husband and always _ him in front of their children. A) defended B) offended C) relieved D) threatened78. _ all her friends and our relatives agree, mother is warm-hearted, loving and generous.A) That B) As C) Which D) What79. The couple has endured so many emotional and financial _ that it is amazing their marriage has lasted.A) emergencies