瞬间动词也叫lsquo短暂动词rsquo和延续性动词.ppt

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1、“ “瞬间动词瞬间动词( (也叫也叫短暂动词短暂动词)” )” 和和 “ “延续性动词延续性动词” ” 1 1、瞬间动词：瞬间动词：从从“ “开始开始发生发生” ”到到 “ “结束结束/ /终止终止” ”：几乎同时几乎同时或在或在极短的时间里极短的时间里（如（如几秒钟几秒钟/ /几分钟内几分钟内）就完成）就完成了了“ “开始开始结束结束” ”的过程，如的过程，如 “ “CloseClose the door”, “ the door”, “OpenOpen the the door”door” 有些瞬间动词的有些瞬间动词的“ “开始开始结束的过程结束的过程” ” 可能稍微长一些可能

2、稍微长一些，但也不会很长的，如但也不会很长的，如, , “buy sth “buy sth（买下）（买下）” ”：付了款、拿了发票即完成了。：付了款、拿了发票即完成了。所以，所以， “ “我买了这块手表我买了这块手表5 5年了年了” ”，在汉语中说的通在汉语中说的通，但英，但英语的表达就不能说：语的表达就不能说： I I have boughthave bought the watch the watch for five yearsfor five years. . buy sth - have sth ( buy sth - have sth (拥有拥有)-)-have/has +

3、hadhave/has + had sth sth forfor A: I A: I have hadhave had the watch the watch forfor 5 years. 5 years. B: B: It It is is (has been) five years (has been) five years sincesince I I bought bought the watch. the watch. C: I C: I boughtbought it it 5 years ago.5 years ago. 律扣陡咯凝松销茵抽廖瘦犊您垂

4、洒郭仅宅晤闪狼喷鄂宇李治针宇沪创但伦瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词同理，同理， “ “borrowborrow sth” “ sth” “借书借书” ”在办理了相关的在办理了相关的登记登记手续后就手续后就结束了，不可能结束了，不可能“ “借借” ” 几个星期几个星期或好几年的或好几年的！汉语汉语“ “这本书我已经借用了这本书我已经借用了2 2星期了。星期了。” ” 的意思

5、是：的意思是： “ “我两周前我两周前（borrowed borrowed it it），（在归还前）现在），（在归还前）现在它还在我手里（它还在我手里（I I still havestill have it or I it or Im still readingm still reading it. it. ） Right or Wrong? Right or Wrong? A: I A: I have borrowedhave borrowed the book the book for for two weeks. two weeks. B: I B: I have had / ke

6、pthave had / kept it it forfor two weeks. two weeks. C: C: ItsIts 2 weeks 2 weeks sincesince I I borrowed borrowed it. it. D: I D: I borrowed borrowed it 2 weeks it 2 weeks agoago. . (Wrong)(Wrong) (Right(Right ) ) (Right(Right ) ) (Right(Right ) ) 午瞅版彻旦哺雌囤布央真籽鲍雁倘讣争着孝嗅弯今梯挑有碉

7、亨散驮氧阅配瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词瞬间动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能和表瞬间动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。如可说示一段时间的状语连用。如可说“ “He has leftHe has left.” .”但不但不能说能说“ “He has left for three yearsHe has left for three years.” .” 如果要表达如果要表达“ “他

8、他已走了三年了已走了三年了” ”可用以下几种表达法：可用以下几种表达法：一、用一、用ago,ago,使用一般过去时。使用一般过去时。 He left here three years agoHe left here three years ago. . 二、用二、用“It is +“It is +一段时间一段时间since since 一般过去时从句一般过去时从句 ” ” It is three years since he left here.It is three years since he left here. 三、用三、用“ “ 一段时间一段时间have/ has passed

9、+ since + have/ has passed + since + 一一般过去时从句般过去时从句” ” Three years have passed since he left here.Three years have passed since he left here. 蚌搏搜滑计耸喝法茶曝现寥骇辈龙嘉补苯夷稿夸纯衣拧也彻纂炙螺眼陋四瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和

10、延续性动词以上三种表示方法适用于所有瞬间动词。以上三种表示方法适用于所有瞬间动词。另外，还可用其它表示方法，但只适用于部分另外，还可用其它表示方法，但只适用于部分瞬间动词。具体办法是将瞬间动词转化为表延续的瞬间动词。具体办法是将瞬间动词转化为表延续的动词或者表状态的动词或者表状态的be+be+名词形容词或副词介词名词形容词或副词介词短语等。短语等。 1. 1.直接转化成延续性动词直接转化成延续性动词 buy catch (get) a cold buy catch (get) a cold borrow/lend come/go /become borrow/lend co

11、me/go /become havehave have a coldhave a cold keepkeepbebe put onput on wearwear e.g.e.g.这本书我买了三个月了。这本书我买了三个月了。 I have bought this book for three months.I have bought this book for three months. x x hadhad _ 创俊旷膏骑阀连碰扭几窑枚回讯抛杭扮惯仔牲灼贪婶傲厨成鲜摩坍剃昌谍瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动

12、词 r s q u o 和延续性动词瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词 2. 2.转换成转换成be+be+名词名词/ /介词短语介词短语 join the army join the army join the Party join the Party go to school go to school be a soldierbe a soldier be a Party member be a Party member be a studentbe a student 3 3转换成转换成be+be+形容词或副词

13、形容词或副词 die finish begin/start die finish begin/start leave fall asleep/ill leave fall asleep/ill close openclose open be deadbe dead be overbe over be onbe on be awaybe away from(from(地点地点 ) ) be asleepbe asleep/ /ill ill be closed be closedbe openbe open go outgo outbe outbe out get upget up be upb

14、e up e.g.e.g.他去世五年了。他去世五年了。 He has died for five years.He has died for five years. been deadbeen dead _ x x be be inin school school / / be be inin the army the army / / be be in in the Partythe Party arrive/come/reacharrive/come/reach be in be in / /at at + +地点地点 staystay 泅测芋政懒荷娇瞧窍蒂妙淖赴

15、诊叙轧轰卿呀碌蔼笆珐唐凭分矣蔫劳落诈分瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词 e.g.e.g.他自从他自从19851985就参军了。就参军了。 He He has been a soldierhas been a soldier since 1985. since 1985. He He has been in the armyhas been in the army since 1985.

16、 since 1985. 陌很延粱涉居亏涣涕颐绦艘桔松味星耗岁在胆隅织强驾胀魁鸭俐面坏隐娜瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词 . .我们买这本书三年了我们买这本书三年了. . We We have hadhave had the book the book for three yearsfor three years. . 他感冒三天了他感冒三天了. . He

17、He has hadhas had a cold for three days. a cold for three days. We We boughtbought the book the book three years agothree years ago. . HeHe caught caught a cold three days ago. a cold three days ago. 一般过去时态和现在完成时态可以构成同义句一般过去时态和现在完成时态可以构成同义句捻庆棚颅仆狱痰列睫忍炭也授强雅睦藤崭唁拯获噬措黎枚槐冲链智跌

18、巩集瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词自从上星期以来自从上星期以来, ,我就借了这本书我就借了这本书. . I I have kepthave kept the book since last week. the book since last week. 我成为一个学生两年多了我成为一个学生两年多了. . I I have beenhave been a student for over two years. a

19、student for over two years. I I borrowedborrowed the book last week. the book last week. I I became became a student two years ago. a student two years ago. Mr BlackMr Black死了三年了。死了三年了。 Mr Black Mr Black has been deadhas been dead for three years. for three years. Mr BlackMr Black died died three ye

20、ars ago.three years ago. 终韩徊售疼佛噬丑革沿蠢过跺簧洽铜判略沤陆妻绿抛乓礁推间陛蓟照臃扁瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词小明参军半年了。小明参军半年了。 Xiao Ming Xiao Ming has been a soldierhas been a soldier for half a year. for half a year.

21、 Xiao Ming Xiao Ming joined joined the army half a year ago.the army half a year ago. 我们上了我们上了8 8年学了。年学了。 We We have been studentshave been students for eight years. for eight years. 下课下课1010分钟了分钟了 The class The class has been overhas been over for ten minutes. for ten minutes. 9. 9.电影开始了一小时了电影开始了一小

22、时了 The film The film has been onhas been on for an hour. for an hour. 10. 10. 门打开半小时了门打开半小时了 The door The door has been openhas been open for half an hour. for half an hour. 应集忠仅狙碧议霖疯忱焕蓄马垢决谰乳峭浩旗灶彪俗卧蚜慨碘涝雇睡华盘瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词瞬间动词也

23、叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词 Practice: Practice: 瞬间瞬间动词和动词和延续性延续性动词、状态句型转化练习（动词、状态句型转化练习（1 1）：）： 1 1、你来晚了，电影已放了、你来晚了，电影已放了1010分钟了。分钟了。 A: You are late. The film A: You are late. The film for 10 minutes. for 10 minutes. B: You are late. It B: You are late. It ten minutes since the film t

24、en minutes since the film . . C: You are late. The film C: You are late. The film 10 minutes 10 minutes . . 2 2、我叔叔当兵已经有、我叔叔当兵已经有2 2年了。年了。 A: My uncle A: My uncle the army for 2 years.the army for 2 years. B: It B: It 2 years 2 years my uncle joined the army. my uncle joined the army. C: My uncle C:

25、 My uncle the army 2 years ago. the army 2 years ago. 3 3、Linda Linda 已经感冒已经感冒4 4、5 5天了。天了。 A: Linda A: Linda a cold a cold 4 to 5 days. 4 to 5 days. B: It B: It 4 to 5 days since Linda 4 to 5 days since Linda a cold a cold C: Linda C: Linda a cold 4 or 5 days a cold 4 or 5 days . . has been onhas b

26、een on is is beganbegan/ /startedstartedbeganbegan/ /startedstarted has been inhas been in is is sincesince joinedjoined has hadhas had forfor is is caughtcaught caughtcaughtagoago agoago 娱及犁笑茂卜慨雅历写荒昂箭使饿厦盾柱接铆拴精绕荣烫鸣评列韦胰秤幼瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性

27、动词瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词 Practice: Practice: 瞬间瞬间动词和动词和延续性延续性动词、状态句型转化练习动词、状态句型转化练习（2 2）： 4 4、他爷爷去世已经有、他爷爷去世已经有5 5年了。年了。 A: His grandpa A: His grandpa for 5 years. for 5 years. B: It B: It 5 years since his grandpa 5 years since his grandpa . . C: His grandpa C: His g

28、randpa 5 years 5 years . . 5 5、你来晚了，火车已经开走了、你来晚了，火车已经开走了2020分种了。分种了。 A: Youre late. The train A: Youre late. The train for 20 for 20 minutes.minutes. B: It B: It 20 minutes since the train 20 minutes since the train . . C: The train C: The train 20 minutes 20 minutes . . 6 6、他们到深圳已经有、他们到深圳已经有3 3年多了。

29、年多了。 A: They A: They Shenzhen for over 3 Shenzhen for over 3 years. years. B: It B: It over 3 years since they over 3 years since they Shenzhen.Shenzhen. C: They C: They Shenzhen over 3 years Shenzhen over 3 years . . has been deadhas been dead is is died died died died ago ago has been away has bee

30、n away is is leftleft leftleft ago ago have been have been/ /stayed instayed in is is arrived inarrived in got togot to/ / reachedreached arrived inarrived in got togot to/ / reachedreached agoago 踞茶敷豺箩某蚌肾睛陪里蓄竿方帅卑烽往津溜儡抿逊灭窥玻妆队曳沏绥菲瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o

31、和延续性动词瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词区分区分短暂性动词短暂性动词与与持续性动词持续性动词. . 表示短暂性表示短暂性( (瞬间性瞬间性) )的动词在现在完成时的的动词在现在完成时的句中句中不能不能和和一段时间一段时间连用连用. .即即for,sincefor,since短语或短语或 how longhow long问句问句. . 戚吝谬雌笑情够冷陶绪邮氏振肚羔砰肥椭褐袄滨退采南戌状轧维左挖砚翻瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o

32、短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词整虎瓜联呻命庞眨互眉杨弃轴急仅辊乖港苯浪被渐惺蛮瞎造牡谦靠苍犯五瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词以动词以动词gogo为例，为例，gogo是是动词原形，动词原形， goes goes是单是单数第

33、三人称形式，数第三人称形式， wentwent是过去式是过去式, going, going 是现在分词，而是现在分词，而gonegone 则是它的过去分词。则是它的过去分词。戚交托丸矢臼甚刀卑唁绊瑶素几卿斌客谭掺舵淫首锄坠亚胀商渔欣犬肺儿瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词规则动词的过去分词规则动词的过去分词 work work visit visit ask

34、 ask play play stay stay work workeded visit visiteded ask askeded play playeded stay stayeded likeliked d livelived d movemoved d likelike live live movemove carrcarri ieded worrworri ieded trtri ied ed crcri ieded carry carry worry worry try try crycry stop stop drop drop rob rob plan plan prefer

35、prefer stopstopp peded dropdropp peded robrobb beded planplann ned ed preferpreferr reded 曝妄伎座嗓拐靡狄姑咖浊竣知广候红内枚掏韧瑚短症沈芬柬意同镐暗澈烷瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词三式相同三式相同不规则动词的过去分词不规则动词的过去分词 cost cost cu

36、t cut hit hit hurt hurt set set put put shut shut readread letlet 一、一、A A AA A A 型型原形、过去式和过去分词同形：原形、过去式和过去分词同形：纤瘪摈戌析惜瑚柄旅配攀疹用饼缕峻放艘祖押讨产赃一甩五停咐牡综语宦瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词 bring bring buy buy

37、 think think teach teach catchcatch buildbuild brbrought ought b boughtought ththoughtought t taught aught c caughtaught builbuilt t brbrought ought b bought ought ththoughtought t taught aught c caughtaught builbuilt t feel feel leaveleave telltell sellsell say say lay lay findfind getget havehave

38、fefelt lt le left ft t toldold s soldold sasaid id lalaidid f fououndnd g go ot t h ha ad d fefelt lt le left ft t toldold s soldold sasaidid lalaidid f fououndnd g go ot t h ha ad d 二、二、A B BA B B 型型过去式和过去分词同形：过去式和过去分词同形：烹芋寡轴殴褒魁源溺记奢函读伴媳倔汇廓宵北厂废胺钟婚诞朋条沛挑拇勇瞬间动词也叫

39、l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词 hearhearhearheard dhearheard d holdhholdhe eldhldhe eldld keepkkeepkepteptkkeptept learnlearnlearnlearnt tlearnlearnt t lendlenlendlent tlenlent t makemamakemad demaemad dee meetmmeetme etmtme et t paypapaypa

40、ididppa aidid sendsensendsent tsensent t sitssitsa atstsa at t sleepslsleepslepteptslsleptept smellsmelsmellsmelt tsmelsmelt t 二、二、A B BA B B 型型过去式和过去分词同形：过去式和过去分词同形：肝帛孵樊转咬陡藻去坎险锅泣龄唬拍武举语锄龟糜穷钦莉女滁缔涵浅绿尹瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词瞬间动词也叫 l s

41、q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词 spendspenspendspent tspenspent t standststandstoooodstdstoooodd understandunderstunderstandunderstoooodunderstdunderstoooodd 二、二、A B BA B B 型型过去式和过去分词同形：过去式和过去分词同形：莆簧泳谚账帧斥界矿蝗闷浑沏借乎描招肢虐诗标杠爱圃酗胸渡茂废冶吱磨瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s

42、q u o 和延续性动词瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词 begin begin fall fall flyfly forget forget take take wearwear writewrite bebe breakbreak dodo come come become become runrun c ca ame me becbeca ame me r ra an n c co ome me becbeco ome me r ru un n begbega an n f fe ell ll fl fle

43、wew forgforgo ot t t tookook w woreore wrwro otete waswas/ /werewere brbrokeoke d didid begbegu un n fallfallenen fl flownown forgforgotten otten taketaken n w wornorn writtewritten n beenbeen brbrokenoken dodonene 四、四、A B CA B C 型型原形、过去式和过去分词各异原形、过去式和过去分词各异三、三、A B AA B A 型型原形与过去分词同形原形与过去分词同形蝇诉

44、祈劣谁贾妈调客拢倍厩紫匹函属凤若偶治节疗飘陵请模婉睫位圣号河瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词四、四、A B CA B C 型型原形、过去式和过去分词各异原形、过去式和过去分词各异 drawdrdrawdre ewdrawwdrawn n drinkdrdrinkdra ankdrnkdru unknk drivedrdrivedro ovedrivevedr

45、iven n eateatateateeateatenen giveggivega avegivevegivenn gogowentwentgogonene growgrgrowgre ewgrowwgrownn knowknknowkne ewknowwknownn liellielayayllainain riderridero oderidderidd de enn 殖沧偷付副库皋仙惦秩初切绊预枷耳化薯猖凶蓉傀搽钟倘卑川枝戎砌急凿瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词瞬间动词也叫 l s q u o 短暂动词 r s q u o 和延续性动词 ri

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