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1、嘉定二中校本教材高中语法系列2语法状语从句由从句担任的状语 ,在句子中可修饰谓语 (或其它动词 )、形容词、副词或就是整个句子 ,它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。第一讲时间 , 地点状语从句时间状语从句:when, while, as, before, after, since , wheneveruntil, till, by the time( 注意时态 )as soon as, had hardly when, had no sooner (on doingthan,sth)the moment, every time/ each time, the
2、 first time, oncee、 g:When he came, I had cleaned the classroom、He didn t stop working until his mother came bake、He worked until his mother came back 、As soon as he returned, he bought a new flat 、He had no sooner returned than he bought a new flatHe came to scene the moment he heard the news、I tho
3、ught her nice and honest the first time I met him 、Once he makes up your mind, he wonhistchangemid、It was two years before I met him again 、 =Two years passed before I met him again 、注意点1、 when 引导的从句动词可以就是延续性的或短暂性的,while 引导的从句中动词必须就是延续性的 ; while 有时并不表示时间,而表示对比 ,表示 “而 ”、 “却”。When I got home I found t
4、he door locked 、While( 或 When)we were working in the fields, it suddenly began to rain 、 His pencil is red, while mine is yellow 、2、 till 与 untilnot until/till解释为直到 才 主句动词一般就是短暂性的till/until解释为直到 为止主句动词一般就是延续性的一般情况下可以互换,但 until 可以位于句首,till 则不能。He worked until it was dark 、He didn t stop working until
5、 it was dark、Until it stops raining,the children cantgo out、 Not until the rain stops can the children go out 、地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的连词就是where 与 wherever 等。I ll go wherever the people want me to go 、 (wherever to any place where)He works where his grandfather fought 、 (wherein the place where)You must stay
6、 where you are 、 = You must stay in the place where you are 、Wherever you go, I go too 、Where there is water, there is life 、 (那儿有 那儿就有 Where there is a will, there is a way 、 )圈出其中的从句并翻译:1. Whenever it is his turn to speak, he gets nervous 、2. Every time he comes, he always tells us something inter
7、esting 、3. When I get the news, I will let you know as soon as possible 、4. Once he makes a promise, he will never break it 、5. I had no sooner run into the school gate than I heard the bell for class 、6.I found the lost watch under a desk after the children had left for home、7. He had to be called
8、two or three times before he came down to dinner 、8.We didntnotice anything wrong with the washer until we started using it、9. The hunter made mark on the tree where he stops、10. Wherever he is, he will find time to do some reading 、嘉定二中1高一备课组嘉定二中校本教材高中语法系列2第二讲原因、目的、结果状语从句原因状语从句原因状语从句就是表示原因或理由的,引导这类
9、从句的最常用的连词就是because, since, as , nowthat(既然 )等 ,for 表示因果关系时(它引导的不就是从句) 为并列连词 ,语气不如because 强 , consideringthat, seeing that(既然 ,由于 )not that but that(不就是因为 而就是因为 )e、 g、He is disappointed because he didnt get the position 、Since everybody is here, let、 s beginIt must have rained last night, for the gro
10、und is still wet、Seeing that the weather is bad, we ll 、stay at home注意点 : 1、 回答以 why 提出的问题时,只能用 because,而不能用as 等。2、 since now(that), 表 “既然 ”意 ,表示已知的或明显的原因,由此加以推论。Now that/Since you are free today, you may have a rest at home or go out for a walk 、3、 for 就是一个并列连词,用来连接两个并列句,引导的句子就是对前面一句话的内容的推测或补充说明。(一
11、般有逗号逗开)The day has broken, for the birds are singing 、4、 区别几个介词短语:because of , due to, owing to, on account of目的状语从句引导词有so that, in order that, that, in case(免得 ,以防 ), for fear that。目的状语从句谓语常含有can/could/may/might/will/would等情态动词。e、 g:He said aloud so that everybody could hear him 、I left the room qu
12、ietly for fear that I might wake him up、Speak clearly, so that they may understand you、He left early in case he should miss the train 、结果状语从句结果状语从句就是表示事态结果的从句,通常主句就是原因,从句就是结果。由so that ( 从句谓语一般没有情态动词), so that, such等that引导。1.He works so hard that he makes great progress in his studies、2.It s such a d
13、ifficult problem that nobody can work it out 、3.There s not any noise here so that I feel very comfortable 、c、 f、I got up early, so that I caught the bus 、I got up early so that I could catch the bus 、圈出其中的从句并翻译1. He had to do a part-time job after work because he needed money for his marriage 、2. S
14、ince you know you are wrong, you d better admit it 、3. I didn tgo to see him, for a heavy snow was falling 、4. Seeing that the weather is bad, we will stay at home 、5. He always takes a seat in the first row so that he can hear better 、6. In order that they can have more time for study, they often e
15、at fast food 、7. She had such a good experience that I would always remember it 、8. I stayed up late last night, so that I felt sleepy in class today 、9. I wrote as clearly as possible so that I might get high marks 、10. I wrote as clearly as possible, so that I got high marks 、第三讲条件、方式、比较、让步状语从句条件状
16、语从句条件状语从句分真实性(有可能实现的事情)与非真实性(条件与事实相反或者在说话者瞧来不大可能实现的事情)条件句。引导条件状语从句的词(组 )主要有 if, unless, in case, so/as long as, on conditionthat, provided that, supposing that等e、 g、If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch、嘉定二中2高一备课组嘉定二中校本教材高中语法系列2So far as I know( 据我所知 ), he will be away for three month
17、s 、You can go swimming on condition that ( = if ) you don t go too far away from、 the river baIn case he comes, let me know、As long as you don t lose heart, you will succeed、Unless you work hard, you won t pass the 、examIf you doesn t work ,hardyou won t pass the exam注意 :1、 条件从句中的if 不能用 whether 替换。2
18、、 祈使句 +and you will do 的结构中也隐含了一个状语从句Use your head and you will find a better way out、If you your head, you will find a better way out3、在时间与条件 (有时也在方式、让步等 )从句中 ,主句就是一般将来时 ,从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。e、 g、 We ll go outing if it doesn t rain、 tomorrowI ll write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai、让步状语从句让步状语从句表示在从
19、句的情况下,主句的情况仍然出现though, although, even if, even though, as, w hile, whether or, no matter+wh、wh+evereg:Though he is a child, he knows a lot 、Whether it rains or not, I shall go out for an outing tomorrow、Whatever ( = No matter what ) you say, I ll never change、 my mindHowever hard I try, I canfinish
20、the twork in time 、注意力1、 as 作 “尽管 ”意时 ,一般将其句中的表语放在句首,用倒装扮 :Although he is young, he knows a lot 、 =Young as he is, he knows a lot 、若表语为名词 ,冠词要省略 :Although he is a child, he has remembered a lot of English words 、Child as/though he is, he has remembered a lot of English words 、2、 although 或 though 不能
21、与 but 同时出现在一个复合句中,但就是 “Although/Though ,(and)yet”句式却就是正确的。Although it is raining heavily, yet they are repairing the bridge、3、 while 引导的从句位于句首, 相当于althoughWhile we don tagree on the matter, we continue to be friends 、4、 in spit of, despite后面跟的就是名词短语In spite of the heavy rain, they still worked in th
22、e fields、方式 (或比较 )状语从句引导词有 as, as if, as though, than, as/so as,the more the more、例如 :Tom is not so/as tall as John、注 :as as既可用于肯定句,又可用于否定句,so as只能用于否定句。You must do the exercise as I show you 、He acted as if nothing had happened、I have made a lot more mistakes than you have 、He smokes cigarettes as
23、expensive as he can afford、The busier he is, the happier he feels、圈出其中的从句并翻译1.The road will be blocked if there is another snow、2. We won tlet you in unless you show us your pass 、3. You may use my bike as long as you return it before Friday 、4. Although he lacks experience, (yet) he is ready to do
24、the job 、嘉定二中3高一备课组嘉定二中校本教材高中语法系列25. Short as she was, she plays the best in her team、6.I will try to repair the watch myself even if it takes me a long time 、7.No matter how busy he was, he would watch TV sports news every night 、8. Do exactly as the doctor says 、1. His speech made _deep impression
25、 on the audience that they could hardly forget it 、A 、 such a B、 so a C、 so D 、 such 2、 The house cost _we didntbuy it 、A 、 so much money that B 、 such many money that C 、 such much money that D 、 so many moneythat3、 It is _ all of us can do it 、A 、 so easy exercise that B 、 so easy an exercise that
26、 C、 such easy an exercise D 、 such easy exercise4、 They stopped at Tianjing _ they might visit the TV tower、A 、 soB 、 becauseC、 so thatD 、 in order5、 We all got up early _ we might start at six 、A 、 in order thatB、 in order toC、 soD 、 so as to6、 _clearly so that your teacher _ you correctly 、A 、 Wri
27、te can understandB、 Having written can understandC、 To write could understandD、 Writing will understand7、 _ it was late, she went on working 、A 、 ThoughB 、 BecauseC、 SinceD、 Whether8、 _we fail, we _ trying 、A 、 Even if don tstopB 、 Even though wontstopC、 Evenwon tnot stopD、 Even although shall never
28、 stop9、 _physics, he likes maths better、A 、 As he much likes B、 Much as he likes C、 Much likes as he D、 Likes much as he 10、 _telephones, tell him I m out、A 、 No matter whoeverB、 WhoC、 WhoeverD、 Anyone11、 Well carry the reform to the end _happens 、A 、 no matter howB 、 whateverC、 anythingD 、 no matte
29、r which12、 _it was finished in time 、A 、 As the work was difficultB 、 Difficult as the work wasC、 Difficult as was the workD、 As was the work difficult13、 He speaks English _ he speaks French、A 、 as well asB 、 so well asC、 much more better thanD、 as good as14、 He was walking along the river _ he saw
30、 a little boy lying under a tree、A 、 whileB、 whenC、 asD 、 which15、 _ they visited the Science Museum, they showed great interest in everything they saw 、A 、 The first timeB 、 For the first timeC、 At firstD、 At the first time16、 I don tthink you ll be able to understand that _ you are my age, 、A 、 ev
31、enB 、 only whenC、 as ifD 、 even when17、 It was evening _ we reached that little town 、A 、 thatB、 untilC、 sinceD、 before18、 Youll surely make progress _ you work with a strong will、A 、 unlessB、 untilC、 as long asD 、 as well as19、 It won tbe long _ you regret what you ve done、A 、 afterB 、 beforeC、 sin
32、ceD 、 when20、 It is often said that an American starts a speech with a joke, _ a Japanese has an apology to make、A 、 whichB、 asC、 whileD 、 when21、 It s almost three years _ I last saw her、A 、 sinceB、 whenC、 thatD 、 after22、 Time passed quickly and three weeks went by _ we knew itA 、 beforeB、 afterC、
33、 whenD 、 till23、 He won tbelieve it _ he sees it with his own eyes 、A 、 before longB、 long beforeC、 untilD 、 as soon as24、 He had to be called two or three times _ he came out to have dinner 、A 、 asB、 untilC、 afterD 、 before25、 Eat less food _ you want to become fatter 、A 、 ifB、 unlessC、 untilD 、 as
34、 soon as嘉定二中4高一备课组嘉定二中校本教材高中语法系列226、 Not that John doesntwant to help you, _ it s beyond his power 、A 、 but thatB 、 for thatC、 and thatD、 in that27、 I ll take no steps _ you arrive 、A 、 whileB、 at whichC、 untilD、 since28、 “Did you remember to give her the book she asked for ”“Yes、 _ I saw her, I rem
35、embered 、A 、 WhileB、 SuddenlyC、 RightD 、 The moment29、 She must have gone out early, _ she had not shown up at breakfast、A 、 becauseB、 sinceC、 forD 、 therefore30、 Scientists say it might be five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients、A 、 beforeB 、 sinceC、 afterD 、 whenAABCA, AABBC, BBABA, DDCBC, AACDB,ACDCA嘉定二中5高一备课组