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1、Unit 2 Robots Grammar,动词不定式的被动语态,一、复习各种时态的被动语态,（以 the book , publish 为例） 一般现在/过去时： The book _. 一般/过去将来时: The book _. The book _. 现在/过去进行时： The book _. 现在/过去完成时: The book _. 情态动词： The book_.,is/ was published,will/would be published,is/was going to be published,is/was being published,has/had been pub
2、lished,can/could/may/mightbe published,A new library _ (build) last year. An accident _ (happen) on this road last week. A talk on Chinese history _ (give) in the school next week. Look! A nice picture _ (draw) by him. The doctor _ (not send) to our hospital yet. The Great Wall _ (know) all over the
3、 world. The school bag can _ (put) behind the chair.,was built,happened,will be given,is being drawn,hasnt been sent,is known,be put,1. 动词不定式的被动有两种形式： 1）一般式 （not/never ）to be done 2）完成式 （not/ never） to have been done,二、动词不定式的被动,2. 动词不定式的被动在句子中的作用 作主语 _ (offer) sympathy by a robot is ridiculous. 2) 作
4、表语 The party is _ (hold) next Saturday evening.,= It is ridiculous to be offered sympathy by .,To be offered,to be held,3)作宾语 She didnt like _ (treat) as a child. 4) 作宾补 Tony expected the house _ (transform) completely.,to be treated,to be transformed,5)作定语 What a victory _ (envy) by those women! 6)
5、 作状语 He hurried to the booking office only _ (tell) that all the tickets had been sold out.,to be envied,to be told,不定式的主动形式表示被动,1在there be结构中 例如：There is a lot of homework _ （do） There is nothing _ （worry about）,to do,to worry about,2在“主语 + be + adj.(评价类) + to do”结构中。,He is hard _ （convince） He is
6、difficult _ （work with）.,to convince,to work with,这扶手椅坐起来很舒服。 这题目很难算出来。,The armchair is comfortable to sit in.,The question is difficult to work out.,3.在“tooto ; enough to”结构中主动表被动。tooto也可用被动如： The problem is too difficult _ (work out) The house is big enough _ (live in).,to work out to be worked ou
7、t,to live in,4在“with + 宾语 + to do”结构中。 例如：With nothing _ (do) ，he lay in bedWith so many exercises _ (finish)，I cant go to the cinema,to do,to finish,5当不定式作后置定语,且它的逻辑主语在 句中出现时,不定式主动表被动。 例如： I have a letter _ (type) today Do you have anything _ (say) ?,to type,to say,1) Ill go to New York. Do you hav
8、e anything _(take) to your wife there? 2) Do you have any clothes_ (wash), sir?” asked the maid. 3) I cannot go out now as I have a lot of clothes_ (wash).,to be taken,to be washed,to wash,6.To blame / to let / to rent等结构用主动表被动。如： I am not _ (blame) for my failure. The house is _ (let).,to blame,to
9、let,1. 有些不及物动词或短语,如 exist, appear, happen, occur, come true, take place, break out, run out, 等常以主动形式表被动意义。 我的钱用完了。 我实现了梦想。（come true）,My money has run out.,My dream has come true.,2. 感官动词和一些连系动词如 feel, look, seem, taste, sound, remain, keep, stay, prove等常以主动形式表示被动意义。,The water _ (feel) cool when I j
10、umped into the pool. The ice-cream _ (taste) delicious.,felt,tastes,3.表示主语特征或属性的词，如 write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook等，以主动形式表被动意义 。 e.g. The coat _ (wash) easily. The new product _ (sell) well. The pen _ (write) smoothly.,washes,sells,writes,1. It will take several weeks for your computer to _ (r
11、epair). 2. I knew him _ (catch) by the police. 3. A vote is required _(take) in our company at once. 4.This makes it possible for them _(make) metals into any required shapes. 5. Dick sped on the motorway only _ (fine). 6. When some money went missing from the bank, Thomas was believed _ (steal) it.
12、,be repaired,to have been caught,to be taken,to make,to have stolen,to be fined,练习,7. I hope _(admit) to Zhongshan University. 8.The book is said to _ (translate) into several languages. 9.I feel greatly honored _ (welcome) into their society . 10.Come on! It is an easy sentence _ (translate). 11.Wh
13、en I came in, he pretended to _.(read) 12.All these gifts must be mailed immediately _(receive) in time for Christmas. 13.Mrs Smith warned her daughter _(not drive) after drinking.,to translate,to be welcomed,have been translated,to be admitted,be reading,to be received,not to drive,14. Hearing the
14、good news, he was too excited _ (speak). 15. It happened _ (rain) when I got there. 16. I am terribly sorry _(lose) your key. 17. I am sorry _(say )that he is going from bad to worse. 18. He asked _(send) to the place where he was most needed. 19. What he hoped was _(admit) into the university 20. H
15、e got to the station only _(find) all the tickets had been sold out. 21. I am sorry _(keep) you waiting so long.,to speak,to be raining,to have lost,to say,to be sent,to be admitted,to find,to have kept,22.On their return the father asked his son _(explain) what he had learnt. 23.My advisor encourag
16、ed me _(take) a summer course to improve my writing skills. 24.I dont know whether you happen _(hear), but Im going to study in the U.S.A this September. 25.The flu is believed _(cause) by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. 26.He seems _（punish) by his teac
17、her yesterday. 27._(save ) the badly sick lady, the doctor had an operation on her. 28. He was too frightened _ (say) anything.,to explain,to take,to have heard,to be caused,to have been punished,To save,to say,29.The school ordered all the classroom _( clean ). 30.My grandmother seems to have a lot
18、 _ (worry) about. 31.I am going to the post office. Do you have any letter _(post)? 32.You are lucky enough _ (not catch) in the rain.,not to have been caught,to be posted,to worry,to be cleaned,二、翻译练习 1.据说这会议已经被取消了 The meeting is said to have been cancelled. 2.这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。 The student seems to
19、 have lost interest in politics. 3.残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。 The disabled dont like to be laughed at. 4.没有可以可以浪费的时间了。 There is no time to waste/ be wasted 5.能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部，是一大荣幸 It is a great honor to be invited to the English Club.,6.她假装没有听懂我说的话。 She pretended not to understand what I had said. 7.我希望被中山大学录取。 I hope /expect to be admitted into Zhangshan University 8.抱歉，我忘记了你的电话号码了。 I am sorry to have forgotten your telephone number.,