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1、定语从句1、功能：=形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语一： 先行词： 被定语从句所修饰的词 二： 关系词：用来连接定语从句，并在从句中代表先行词。 在从句中充当的成分： 主语、宾语 学会找关系词，看先行词指的是什么-先行词，看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。 2、一般用法先行词是物： which that 先行词是人： who whom that 关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。e.g. The young man ( whom ) you saw was our manager. There is something ( that ) we must keep in mind.l 限制性定语
2、从句与非限制性定语从句 （逗号隔开非限制）1) 限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。 e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整）2) 非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开，不能that用引导。 e.g. Toms father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.l that与which的区别1）用that而不用 which的情况 先行词为不
3、定代词all, anything, nothing, ；先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰；先行词有only, very, any等词修饰； 先行词既有人又有物时。2）用which而不用 that的情况： 引导非限制性定语从句；指代前面整个主句的意思；介词 + 关系代词。3、whose的用法关系代词与其后的名词构成所有格，即“的”时，它既可以修饰指人的先行词，也可以修饰指物的先行词。e.g. 1. The girl is my daughter. Her work got the first prize.The girl whose work got the first prize is my
4、daughter.4、介宾结构关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，介词可以提前，但关系代词只能用which（物）或whom（人）。e.g. 1. The man is a famous runner. You talked to him just now.The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner.2. The chair is made of wood. He is sitting on it now. The chair on which he is sitting now is made of wood.3. He is a li
5、brary assistant. I borrowed some books from him.He is a library assistant from whom I borrowed some books.4. It is a famous school. He graduated from it 3 years ago. It is a famous school from which He graduated 3 years ago. 有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开。 (look after take care of look for)e.g. He is the st
6、udent who the teachers are looking for.The number of the children who she takes care of is 30.5、关系副词： when where why = 介词+which 先行词：时间when = on which 从句：时间状语地点where = in/at which 地点状语原因why = for which 原因状语 判断把先行词放回从句中（关系词）作什么成分：作状语用when where和why，否则用前面所述。e.g. 1. I will never forget the day./ I went
7、to university on that day.I will never forget the day when/ on which I went to university.2.This is the house. / He used to live in the house.This is the house where/ in which he used to live.3.I dont know the reason. / He did it for this reason.I dont know the reason why/ for which he did it.一般用法1.
8、Tomisgoodatmaths,soIthinkheisthestudent_canhelpyoutoworkoutthis problem.AwhomBwhoCwhichDwhat2.Imnotsurewhetherthisisthebook_mybrotherreadtheyearbeforelast. AwhoseBasCwhatDwhich3.Thisisthefactory_wevisitedtheotherday.AwhereBinwhichCthereD/that/which4.Anything_couldbefoundhasbeenusedtorepairthedamaged
9、bridge.AwhichBthatCwhatDhow5.Themostimportantthing_weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing_Ihavesaid. Awhich；thatBthat；whichCwhich；whichDthat；that6.Somegreatpeoplesaiditwastheirprimaryschoolteachersandtheirlessons_theywerefondof_influencedtheirwholelives.Awhich；thatBthat；whichCwhich；whichDthat；that7.C
10、arolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober， _personallyIdoubtverymuch. AitBthat CwhenDwhich8.He told us the stories and the writers _interested him. Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dwho9.Those_want to see the film please write down your names here. Athem Bwhat Cwhose Dwho关系副词10.Wearelivinginanage_everythingischangingra
11、pidly.A whichB that C inthatD when11.Maythefourthistheday_weChinesepeoplewillneverforget.A whichB when C onwhichD aboutwhich12.ThereareseveralresearchcentersinChina_acertaindiseasecalledBirdFluisbeingstudied. AwhichBwhereCwhenDwhat13. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small to
12、wn_he grew up as a child. Awhich Bwhere Cthat Dwhen14. There are many things in different areas_we can do to reduce the possible dangers of AIDS. Awhere Bthere Cwhat Dthat15. Do you still remember the day_we first met? Athat Bwhen Cwhat Don that16*. The noise from the karaoke hall is coming to a poi
13、nt_we cant put up with it . Athat Bwhere Cwhen Dwhy17.The reason_Im writing to you is to tell you about a party on Saturday. Abecause Bwhy Chow Dwhich介宾18. The engineer_my father works is about 60 years old. Ato whom Bon whom Cwith which Dwith whom19. He is a man of great experience，_ much can be le
14、arned. Awho Bthat Cfrom which Dfrom whom20.The English play_my students acted at the New Years party was a great success.Afor which Bat which Cin which Don whichwhose21. This is the boy without_help I couldnt have passed that difficult exam. Awho Bwhom Cwhose Dthat22.Look out！Dont get too close to the house_roof is under repair. Awhose Bwhich Cof which Dthat