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1、Text At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California. at last终于，最后，强调过程很艰难 put out扑灭火 Since then,they have been trying to find out how the fire began. since then从那时起 have been trying to现在完成进行时，强调一直在做的概念 find out找出（答案，结果） how the fire began是由how 引导的宾语从句，做find 的宾语 Forest fires are often c
2、aused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away. broken glass碎玻璃.broken是一个过去分词做定语，表示碎了的，断了的，折了的 a broken heart失意 a broken glass破杯子 a broken promise爽约 a broken marriage破裂的婚姻 a broken home破裂的家庭 cigarette ends香烟头 come to an end结束，完毕 eg. make both ends meet 量入为出，使收支相抵 throw
3、 away扔掉 throw to向扔过去（为了把东西扔给对方让对方接住） eg. throw at向砸过去（为了打对方，含有不友好，敌意） eg. Yesterday the firemen examined the ground carefelly,but were not able to find any broken glass. were not able to= could not 没能够 They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire. be sure that对.确信 be quite s
4、ure that对相当的确信 quite相当 eg. Are you quite certain about that ? 你对那件事情相当确信吗？ quietadj 安静的 eg. The class kept very quiet during the lesson. 上课时班里非常的安静。 quite1 eg. She was quite alone. 她的确是一个人。 2 eg. It was quite a bargain. 相当的便宜 3 eg. Shes a quite good actress.她是相当好的演员。 eg. The jackt is quite good.这件夹克
5、相当的好。 start the fire引起火灾,start即可做及物动词也可做不及物动词 eg. We started on our journey. 我们出发去旅行。 eg. Our school starts at 8:50.我们学校在8:50开始上课。 start in doing sth/ start on doing sth 开始做某事 start to do sth 开始做某事 At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California. Since then， they have been trying to fin
6、d out how the fire began. Forest fires are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away. Yesterday the firemen examined the ground carefully， but were not able to find any broken glass. They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire. Thi
7、s morning， however， a firemen accidentally discovered the cause. He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16，000- volt power line. In this way， he was able to solve the mystery. The explanation was simple but very unusual. A bird had snatched up the snake from
8、the ground and then dropped it on to the wires. The snake then wound itself round the wires. When it did so， it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire. which people carelessly throw away这句话是一个定语从句修饰cigarette ends, (被香烟头，那么是什么香烟头 呢？是被人们不小心扔掉地香烟头） The meeting came to an en
9、d at midnight. 会议在半夜才结束。 He threw the ball to me and I caught it. 他把球扔给我，我接住了。 The boy threw a stone at the windows and broke it . 那个小男孩用石头把窗户砸碎了。 全然，完全，十分，的确 事实上，非常 颇为，相当地 eg. He hasnt started in writing his next play yet . 他尚未开始撰写下一处戏剧。 He hasnt started on writing his next play yet . 1） 2） 3） eg.
10、A strong wind started to blow. 狂风开始吹了起来（主语为wind，是物） eg. She is starting to prepare lunch.她开始准备午饭（start 为进行时态） start doing 开始做某事 eg. He usually starts studying at 8 at home.在家里，他总是8:00开始学习。 eg. He started to understand it.他开始明白了。 This morning, however, a fireman accidentally discovered the cause. 区别c
11、ause与reason的用法，这2个词都可以即作n,又作v causen直接导致行为或事件发生的原因，即“起因” reasonn causevt使发生，导致，引起（及物动词） reasonvtvi eg. Do you know the cause of the fire ? 你知道大火的起因吗？ eg. This is the reason why he left. 这就是他离开的原因。 eg. What caused the fire ? 是什么导致了大火？ eg. reason with sb 劝说某人，与某人理论 reason sb into doing sth/talk sb in
12、to doing sth 劝说某人做某事 reason sb out of(doing) sth/talk sb out of (doing) sth 劝说某人别做某事 accidentallyadv 偶然地 He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line. In this way,he was able to solve the mystery. solve the mystery 解开谜底 snatched up sth from t
13、he ground 从地上抓起来 drop vt使落下，使掉落（及物动词，后面直接加宾语） eg. She dropped the vase on the floor.她把花瓶掉在地上了。 vi eg. The teapot dropped out of her hand.茶壶从他手中掉了下去。 fall vi eg. He fell down the stairs and broke his leg.他从楼梯上摔了下去，摔断一条腿。 eg. The book fell from the table to the floor.这本书从桌子上掉到地板上了。 eg. Prices fell./Pr
14、ices dropped.价格跌了。 The snake then wound itself round the wires. wound round= wound around 缠绕 eg. Vines often wind around a post or a tree.葛藤常常缠绕在柱子上或树木上。 eg. I wind this clock every day.我每天给这个钟上弦。 eg. Does this watch wind automatically ?这个表是自动上弦的吗？ When it did so, it sent sparks down to the ground a
15、nd these immediately started a fire. When it did so 当他这样做的时候 start a fire/cause a fire引起一场大火 send spark down to 将火星传了下去 Exercises 1 Asincesince +时间点表示“自从以来” Bforfor+时间段表示“长达” Cago常用在一般过去时 Dby常用在一般过去完成时或者将来完成时 2He was able to solve the mystery. He succeeded in solving it. Acould if he wanted to 他能够，如
16、果他想要的话 主语为物 start 为进行时态 后面的动词do表示内心活动 解释某事为什么发生的理由或借口，而这种理由可能不是真正的原因，多用于 人的行为 评理，劝说（即可是及物动词，也可以是不及物动词）常与 with，into，out of 连用 I reasoned with him for hours, but I couldnt persuade him to change his mind. 我劝说了几个小时，但是没能劝 说他改变主意。 which 引导一句话是个定语从句，修饰snake, (他注意到一条死蛇，那么是一条什么样的死蛇呢？是一条缠绕 在16000伏的高压电线上的一条死蛇
17、） The explanation was simple but very unusual.A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires. （不及物动词，后面不可加宾语） 掉下，跌倒（不及物动词，后面不可加宾语） The firemen have been examining the ground since yesterday. 从昨天开始消防员们一直在检查地面。这句话的 谓语动词是：have been examining, 是一个现在完成进行时，强调动作一直在进行 B
18、could but he didnt want to 他能够，但他不想这样做 Csucceeded in solving it 成功解决了，它同was able to solve the mystery（解开了这个谜）的含义相同 Ddidnt succeed in solving it 没能成功解开谜底 3In this way,he was able to solve the mystery.Thats how he did it. 分析 Athats so就是如此 Blike this想这样 Cthats how Dso因此 4 Aby the way Bby accident偶然地 Ci
19、n short简而言之 Din vain徒劳地 补充内容补充内容谚语谚语 egLife is a bed of roses.生活称心如意。 egLife is not a bed of roses.生活并不称心如意。 eg Radioactivity was discovered by accident at the turn of the last century. 辐射是在上个世纪之交被偶然发现的。 顺便问一下 Lightning never strikes in the same place twice. 霹雳不在一处打两次；偶然的事不会在完全相同的情况下或对 同样的人再次发生。 in this way 用这种方法, 那就是的办法；how 相当于the way in which