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1、High-speed millingHigh-speed machining is an advanced manufacturing technology, different from the traditional processing methods. The spindle speed, cutting feed rate, cutting a small amount of units within the time of removal of material has increased three to six times. With high efficiency, high
2、 precision and high quality surface as the basic characteristics of the automobile industry, aerospace, mold manufacturing and instrumentation industry, such as access to a wide range of applications, has made significant economic benefits, is the contemporary importance of advanced manufacturing te
3、chnology. For a long time, people die on the processing has been using a grinding or milling EDM (EDM) processing, grinding, polishing methods. Although the high hardness of the EDM machine parts, but the lower the productivity of its application is limited. With the development of high-speed proces
4、sing technology, used to replace high-speed cutting, grinding and polishing process to die processing has become possible. To shorten the processing cycle, processing and reliable quality assurance, lower processing costs.1 One of the advantages of high-speed machiningHigh-speed machining as a die-e
5、fficient manufacturing, high-quality, low power consumption in an advanced manufacturing technology. In conventional machining in a series of problems has plagued by high-speed machining of the application have been resolved.1.1 Increase productivity High-speed cutting of the spindle speed, feed rat
6、e compared withtraditional machining, in the nature of the leap, the metal removal rate increased 30 percent to 40 percent, cutting force reduced by 30 percent, the cutting tool life increased by 70% . Hardened parts can be processed, a fixture in many parts to be completed rough, semi-finishing and
7、 fine, and all other processes, the complex can reach parts of the surface quality requirements, thus increasing the processing productivity and competitiveness of products in the market.1.2 Improve processing accuracy and surface quality High-speed machines generally have high rigidity and precisio
8、n, and other characteristics, processing, cutting the depth of small, fast and feed, cutting force low, the workpiece to reduce heat distortion, and high precision machining, surface roughness small. Milling will be no high-speed processing and milling marks the surface so that the parts greatly enh
9、ance the quality of the surface. Processing Aluminum when up Ra0.40.6um, pieces of steel processing at up to Ra0.2 0.4um.1.3 Cutting reduce the heat Because the main axis milling machine high-speed rotation, cutting a shallow cutting, and feed very quickly, and the blade length of the workpiece cont
10、acts and contact time is very short, a decrease of blades and parts of the heat conduction. High-speed cutting by dry milling or oil cooked up absolute (mist) lubrication system, to avoid the traditional processing tool in contact with the workpiece and a lot of shortcomings to ensure that the tool
11、is not high temperature under the conditions of work, extended tool life.2 High-speed milling High-speed milling the main technical high-speed cutting technology is cutting the development direction of one of it with CNC technology, microelectronic technology, new materials and new technology, such
12、as technology development to a higher level. High-speed machine tools and high-speed tool to achieve high-speed cutting is the prerequisite and basic conditions, in high-speed machining in the performance of high-speed machine tool material of choice and there are strict requirements. 2.1 High-speed
13、 machining tool High-speed machining tool is the most active one of the important factors, it has a direct impact on the efficiency of processing, manufacturing costs and product processing and accuracy. Tool in high-speed processing to bear high temperature, high pressure, friction, shock and vibra
14、tion, such as loading, its hardness and wear-resistance, strength and toughness, heat resistance, technology and economic performance of the basic high-speed processing performance is the key One of the factors. High-speed cutting tool technology development speed, the more applications such as diam
15、ond (PCD), cubic boron nitride (CBN), ceramic knives, carbide coating, (C) titanium nitride Carbide TIC (N) And so on. CBN has high hardness, abrasion resistance and the extremely good thermal conductivity, and iron group elements between the great inertia, in 1300 would not have happened significan
16、t role in the chemical, also has a good stability. The experiments show that with CBN cutting tool HRC35 67 hardness of hardened steel can achieve very high speed. Ceramics have good wear resistance and thermal chemical stability, its hardness, toughness below the CBN, can be used for processing har
17、dness of HRC 5 0 parts. Carbide Tool good wear resistance, but the hardness than the low-CBN and ceramics. Coating technology used knives, cutting tools can improve hardness and cutting the rate, for cutting HRC40 50 in hardness between the workpiece. Can be used to heat-resistant alloys, titanium a
18、lloys, hightemperature alloy, cast iron, Chungang, aluminum and composite materials of high-speed cutting Cut, the most widely used. Precision machining non-ferrous metals or non-metallic materials, or the choice of polycrystalline diamond Gang-coated tool.英文翻译对照高速铣削高速切削加工是一种先进制造技术，不同于传统加工方式。它的主轴转速高
19、、切削进给速度高、切削量小，单位时间内的材料切除量却增加36 倍。它以高效率、高精度和高表面质量为基本特征，在汽车工业、航空航天、模具制造和仪器仪表等行业中获得了广泛的应用，取得了重大的经济效益，是当代先进制造技术的重要应用。长期以来，人们对模具的加工一直采用铣削一磨削或者电火花(EDM)加工、打磨、抛光的方法。虽然电火花可加工硬度很高的工件，但较低的生产率使它的应用受到制。随着高速加工技术的发展，采用高速切削取代磨削抛光和电加工进行模具加工已成为可能。使加工周期大为缩短，加工质量得到可靠保证，加工成本降低。1 高速切削加工的优势高速切削加工作为模具制造中集高效、优质、低耗于一身的先进制造技术
20、。在常规切削加工中备受困扰的一系列问题，通过高速切削加工的应用得到了解决。1.1 提高生产率高速切削的主轴转速、进给速度与传统切削加工相比，发生了本质性的飞跃，其金属切除率提高了30%40%，切削力降低了30%，刀具的切削寿命提高了70%。还可加工淬硬零件，许多零件一次装夹可完成粗、半精和精加工等全部工序，对复杂型面也能达到零件表面质量要求，进而提高了加工生产率和产品的市场竞争力。1.2 改善加工精度和表面质量高速机床普遍具备高刚性和高精度等特点，加工时切削深度小，而进给速度较快，切削力低，工件热变形减少，而加工精度很高，表面粗糙度很小。高速铣削可获得无铣痕的加工表面，使零件表面质量大大提高。
21、加工铝合金时可达Ra0.40.6um，加工钢件时可达Ra0.20.4um。1.3 减少切削产生的热量因为铣床主轴高速旋转，切削加工是浅切削，同时进给速度很快，刀刃和工件的接触长度和接触时间非常短，减少了刀刃和工件的热传导。高速切削采用干铣或油一气(油雾)润滑系统，避免了传统加工时在刀具和工件接触处产生大量热的缺点，保证刀具在温度不高的条件下工作，延长了刀具的使用寿命。2 高速铣削加工高速铣削加工的主要技术高速切削技术是切削加工技术的发展方向之一，它随着C N C 技术、微电子技术、新材料和新工艺等技术的发展而迈上更高的台阶。高速机床和高速刀具是实现高速切削的前提和基本条件，在高速切削加工中对高
22、速机床的性能和刀具材料的选择有严格的要求。2.1 高速切削加工刀具刀具是高速切削加工中最活跃重要的因素之一，它直接影响着加工效率、制造成本和产品的加工精度。刀具在高速加工过程中要承受高温、高压、摩擦、冲击和振动等载荷，因此其硬度和耐磨性、强度和韧性、耐热性、工艺性能和经济性等基本性能是实现高速加工的关键因素之一。高速切削加工的刀具技术发展速度很快，应用较多的如金刚石(P C D)、立方氮化硼(C B N)）、陶瓷刀具、涂层硬质合金、(碳)氮化钛硬质合金T I C (N)等。立方氮化硼具有很高的硬度、极强的耐磨性和良好的导热性，与铁族元素之间有很大的惰性，在1300也不会发生显著的化学作用，还具有良好的稳定性。实验表明，用CBN 刀具切削硬度HRC3567 的淬火钢可以达到很高速度。陶瓷材料具有良好的耐磨性和热化学稳定性，其硬度、韧性低于C B N ，可用于加工硬度H R C 5 0 的零件。硬质合金刀具耐磨性好，但硬度比立方氮化硼和陶瓷低。采用刀具涂层技术，可以提高刀具硬度和切削加工的速度，适合切削硬度在HRC4050 之间的工件。可用于耐热合金、钛合金、高温合金、铸铁、纯钢、铝合金及复合材料的高速切削，应用最为广泛。精密加工有色金属或非金属材料时，选用聚晶金刚石或金刚石涂层刀具。