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1、高一化学必修2有机化合物（Senior chemistry required 2 organic compounds）Senior chemistry required 2 organic compoundsFirst, the multiple-choice question:1. the following chemical term is correctA. butyl dilute B. nitro C. ethyl acetate D. amino acids.2. in the following reactions, what is added is.A.C2H5OH thick
2、 H2SO4 (concentrated H2SO4 C2H4 = + H2O)B.2CH3CHOO2 catalyst (2CH3COOH catalyst)C.CH3-CH = CH2Br2, CH3-CHBrCH2BrD.Br2 Fe (Fe) HBr3. the molecular formula of the following alkanes can indicate 3 different structuresA.C5H12 B.C4H10 C.C3H8 D.C2H6In 1866 4, Kekul (right) presents benzene alternating sin
3、gle and double bonds of the hexagonal planar structure, explains some properties of benzene, but there are some problems have not been solved yet, it cannot explain the following facts ()A. can make B benzene benzene can fade bromine addition reaction with H2C. - no isomer of D. is only one of two a
4、djacent Bromophenyl5. sharks are the only animals in the world that do not have cancer. Scientific studies show that sharks contain squalene, an anti-cancer agent. Known as the squalene molecule contains 30 C atoms and 6 C=C, and contains no ring structure, its molecular formula is ()A.C30H60 B.C30H
5、56 C.C30H52 D.C30H506. the following is incorrect in the application of physical properties of ethanolA. because ethanol is volatile, so there is the saying wine is not afraid of deep alley argumentB. because ethanol can dissolve many organic substances and inorganic substances, ethanol can be used
6、to extract the effective components of Chinese MedicineC. because ethanol can be dissolved at any given rate, the distillery can blend various concentrations of alcoholD. because the density of ethanol is smaller than water, the water in ethanol can be removed by the method of separating liquid7., i
7、n order to extend the shelf life of fruits, the following fruit storage method is most suitableA. into open containers, B. into sealed containersC. into a sealed container filled with a small amount of ethyleneD. placed in a sealed container soaked solution of silica in Potassium Permanganate.8. liq
8、uor, vinegar, sugar, starch and other substances are commonly used in family kitchens, the use of these substances can complete the experiment is whether the test in the identification of tap water containing chlorine ion salt and soda and whether the eggshell containing calcium carbonate in liquor
9、containing methanol (whether)A., B., C., II. D.9. the following mixtures can be separated by liquid separationA. B. and bromobenzene benzene ethanol and acetic acidC. ethyl acetate and Na2CO3 solution D. glucose and fructose mixture10. A group of substances that can be identified by the following wa
10、terA. benzene, hexane, carbon tetrachloride, B., benzene, ethanol, carbon tetrachlorideC. nitrobenzene, ethanol, carbon tetrachloride, D., nitrobenzene, ethanol and acetic acid11., green apples than ripe apple sweet, a student found in the inquiry experiment, green apple juice in iodine solution blu
11、e, cooked apple juice can reduce silver ammonia solution, this shows ()A. green apples contain only starch and no monosaccharide B. When apples are ripe, monosaccharides are polymerized into starchC.When the apples are ripe, the starch is hydrolyzed into monosaccharides. D. contains only monosacchar
12、ides and contains no starch in cooked apples12., the complete combustion of an organic substance produces only water and carbon dioxide, and the correct composition of the organic elements is ()A. only C, H two elements, B. must have C, H, O three elementsC. must have C, H, and two elementsD. is not
13、 sure whether it contains any elements other than C, H, and O13. The structure of an organic substance is shown below. The nature of this organism is unlikely to beIt can burn; 2. It can make the acid KMnO4 solution fade;It can react with NaOH solution; 4. Esterification reaction can occur;It can oc
14、cur in addition polymerization can undergo hydrolysis;A. and B. only 6Only the D. and the C.14. the acetic acid solution, glucose solution and sucrose solution can be identified with only one reagentThe solution of A.NaOH B.Cu (OH) 2 suspensionC. litmus test solution D.Na2CO3 solution15. the followi
15、ng statement relating to the correct statement is ()A. homologues have similar chemical properties.B. isomers have similar chemical properties.The two organic compounds whose C. molecules differ from one CH2 atom must be homologous to each other.The two organic compounds with equal molecular weight
16、of D. must be isomers16., two gaseous hydrocarbons consisting of a mixture of gases 0.1mol, completely burning 0.16molCO2 and 3.6g water, the following statement is correctThere must be methane in the A. mixture. Methane and ethylene must be present in the B. mixtureC. in the gas mixture must not et
17、hane D. gas mixture must be acetylene (CH = CH)17. in the following groups of substances, no matter what proportion they are mixed, as long as the total mass is certain, the amount of carbon dioxide produced after sufficient combustion is constantA., acetylene (C2H2) and benzene (C6H6) B., ethanol a
18、nd propanol (CH3CH2CH2OH)C. ethanol and ether (C2H5OC2H5), D., formaldehyde (HCHO) and acetic acid18. formaldehyde (CH2O), acetic acid (C2H4O2) and malondialdehyde (C3H6O) mixture, mass fraction of oxygen is 37%, while the mass fraction of carbon forA 27%, B 28%, C 54%, D cannot be calculatedThe 19
19、and two gaseous hydrocarbons are mixed at random, and at 105 degrees C, 1 L, the mixture is mixed with 9 L oxygen and is fully combusted to restore its original state. The volume of the gas obtained remains 10 L. The following are the conditions in which the mixed hydrocarbons do not meet this requi
20、rementA.CH4, C2H4, B.CH4, C3H6, C.C2H4, C3H4, D.C2H2, C3H620 using an alkyl group with a relative molecular mass of 43 instead of a hydrogen atom on the benzene ringThe number of aromatic hydrocarbons is ()A.3 B.4 C.5 D.6Two. Fill in the blanks21. according to the requirements in the following colum
21、ns fill out the following formula on organic matter:The organic compounds with the lowest molecular weight, the electronic structure in the vinegar, and the carbohydrate structure in the urine of diabetic patients are simple.The following is a list of 22. groups of substances, please fill in the app
22、ropriate number of material blanks. Isotopes, homologues, isomers.Diamond and soccer alkene C60; D and T; 16O, 17O and 18O;Oxygen (O2) and ozone (O3);CH4 and CH3CH2CH3;The ethanol (CH3CH2OH) and dimethyl ether (CH3OCH3);7 and 8; and;23.A is the most common organic substance in the chemical laborator
23、y. It is soluble in water and has a special flavor and can carry out a variety of reactions as shown.(1) write the chemical formula of A(2) the chemical equation of the following reactionsReaction:Reaction ii:Reaction level:Reaction 4:(3) what are the similarities and differences between the reactio
24、n and the reaction between sodium and water?Same point:Difference：24. in some oil fields, oil is dissolved in a hydrocarbon - adamantane, and its molecular structure is as follows. Try to answer the following questions:(1) how many kinds of chlorine are there?(2) the isomers of adamantane below are.
25、Three calculation questions24. the density of a certain hydrocarbon A vapor is reduced to 3.214g/L under the standard condition. The hydrocarbon mass ratio of the hydrocarbon is known to be 5 to 1:(1) the relative molecular mass (2) of the hydrocarbon determines the molecular formula of the hydrocar
26、bon(3) if the hydrocarbon has 4 chlorine substitutes, the structure of the hydrocarbon is simplified(4) hydrocarbon A can be obtained by addition reaction of another hydrocarbon B, and the possibility of hydrocarbon B is (to write a possible structural brief)25. organic matter A consists of three el
27、ements: carbon hydrogen and oxygen. 2.3 g A and 2.8 L oxygen (standard condition) are burned in a closed vessel, and carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and water vapor are generated after combustion (assuming that the reactants are not left behind). The gas generated by reaction was successively concen
28、trated sulfuric acid and alkali lime, concentrated sulfuric acid increased by 2.7 g, and alkali lime increased by 2.2 G. Answer the following questions:(1) what is the amount of hydrogen and carbon atoms contained in the 2.3 g A?(2) the molecular formula of the organic matter is determined by calcul
29、ation.26. nutrition research found that extracted from deep-sea fish oil DHA is an unsaturated fatty acid (chemical formula if DHA is CxHyO2), at the same pressure conditions, the quality of the measured DHA steam is 192 times with the same volume of H2 quality; 3.84g DHA will burn completely, and m
30、ake the whole followed by the device, are listed in the table below the experimental results (hypothesis generating gas products completely absorbed).Before experimentAfter experimentThe quality of (desiccant +U tubes)101.1g104.70gQuality of (lime water + wide mouthed bottle)312.0g323.44g(1) determi
31、ne the relative molecular mass and chemical formula of DHA according to the data given above. (write out the calculation process)(2) DHA and another bromine reaction enough, found that 3.84gDHA and 0.06mol react with bromine,How many C=C does a DHA molecule contain?Reference answers and scoring crit
32、eriaA choice (every day, 4 points, 56 points)1.B, 2.D, 3.C, 4.A, 5.D, 6.D, 7.C, 8.C9.D, 10.C, 11.B, 12.B, 13.A, 14.DTwo. (total 44 points)15. (omitted) (2 points each)The 16., 4, 6, 7 1. (2 points each)17. (1) C2H6O(2) 2CH3CH2OH + 2Na + H2 = 2CH3CH2ONa.CH3CH2OH+3O2, 2CO2, +3H2O32CH3CH2OH+O2, 2CH3CHO
33、, +2H2O(2) the same point: there are colorless bubbles produced, both have heat release;Difference: when ethanol reacts with sodium, sodium sinks below the liquid level and reacts more smoothly.(in addition to (1) ask, 1 per hour, 2 cents per empty.)18. (1); (2 points)(2) B; (2 points)(3) BC (2 poin
34、ts)(4) the chemical equation, the reaction gas in the volume of material is reduced, and the HCl can be dissolved in water, so the pressure is reduced to zero, so the right side of the glass tube in the water column is reduced, the left column disappeared. (4 points)19. (1), 72 (2 points), (2) C5H12 (3 points), (3) CH3CH2CH (CH3) 2 (2 points)(4) CH2 = CH-CH-CH3, etc. (2 points)CH3One