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1、主 谓 宾 宾补1)带to的不定式作宾补；例如：She asked me to call him again.很多动词后面都可以有这种宾补。初中教材常见的这类动词有：ask，tell，want，wish，would like，like，hate等。注：hope后不能接复合宾语。2)不带to的不定式作宾补；例如：We often hear the girl sing the song.能带这种复合宾语的动词为感官动词、短语动词和使役动词如let，feel，notice，help，make，have，listen to，hear，see，watch，look at，observe.注：如果这种结构
2、变为被动语态，不定式就必然带to.help后的不定式可以带to也可不带to.3)分词作宾补；例如：He heard somebody knocking on the window.现在分词作宾补表示主动，且动作正在进行，过去分词作宾补表示被动，或动作已完成，也可以表示请别人做某事。能带分词作宾补的常见动词为感官动词：see，hear，notice，watch，feel及find，get，have(这三个动词为使役动词)等。注：在感官动词后，既可用现在分词构成复合宾语，也可用不带to的不定式构成复合宾语。现在分词表示动作正在发生，即处于发生的过程中，还没有结束，如例a；用不定式表示动作已发生了，
3、即动作的全部过程已结束，如例b.如：a.He saw a girl getting on the bus.(意为上车的动作正在进行。)b.He saw a girl get on the bus.(意为女孩上车的动作已经结束了。)四.主语 宾语 补语 （主谓宾宾补）四.主语+宾语+补语 （主谓宾宾补）1. 他们任命他当经理。 2. 他们把门漆成绿色。 3. 这使得他们要细想一想。4. 他们发现那房子无人居住。 5. 他怎么会这样想？ 6. 我们送他出去。 7. 他要我早点回来。8. 我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。 1. They appointed him manager. 2. They pa
4、inted the door green. 3. This set them thinking. 4. They found the house deserted. 5. What makes him think so? 6. We saw him out. 7. He asked me to come back soon. 8. I saw them getting on the bus. 最常用结构 （1）make +n.+adj./v+ed/n./动词原形 （2）make +it +宾补+to do something （3）find +n+adj./v+ing /v+ed (4) fi
5、nd it + 宾补+to do something 注意：make的宾补不能是v+ing; find的宾补不能是不定式 练习： （1) He makes me _of myself. A shame B shameful C ashamed D shameless (2) This made the street as _as day. A light B lightly C lit D lighted (3） He could not understand what she found _with him. A wrongly B wrong C be wrong D wronged (4
6、) I m afraid you find me very _.Why not fire me? A satisfying B unsatisfied C unsatisfactory D satisfied （5) I went for Mr. Graffald, and found him _supper. A cook B to cook C cooked D cooking (6）What was her surprise to find it _? A go B gone C going D to go (7) On his return from his office, he fo
7、und the house_. A deserting B desert C deserted D to desert. (8) When I got in the village I found nobody_. A over B down C about D up (9)She found her uncle _the point of leaving the museum. A at B on C to D in (10)Toward evening he found Mrs. Emily _her. A in B at C with D on (11)I find the Chines
8、e people _happy and cheerful. A to be B X C being D be (12)He found Fanny Price _no longer working there. A is B X C is D A and B （13）You may take a horse to the water, but you cant make him_. A to drink B drink C drinking D drunk (14)I hope the time is not far off that they shall be made _for bette
9、rment of the working people. A to fight B fight C fighting D fighted (15)This made it hard _me to control myself. A with B for C about D to (16)Ive got to made it _that my family was very poor. A clearly B clear C to be clear D be clear (17)All work and no play makes Jack _a dull boy. A to be B be C
10、 is D X (18)The revolutionary wave that was sweeping over the whole of Europe soon made its effects _in the British Labour Movement. A feel B to feel C felt D feeling (19）You should make your views_. A know B known C knowing D to know (20)You have made me _I am. A what B that C which D X 1主语+call/na
11、me/choose/elect/make+n作宾补，若是职称名词：head, manager, director, chairman, captain前不加冠词，这些词用作同位语，表语也不加冠词。比如: Do you call that printing? He made London the base for his revolutionary work. They chose me their guide. They elected Lincoln president. 练习： 1 I call that _a shame. A as B to be C be D X 2 .He had
12、a variety of interests which made him _an agreeable companion. A to be B X C be D as 3 Newton was made _President of the Royal Society. A X B the C a D be 4.Who was chosen_King? A to be B as C X D all the above 5._by Paz he won a seat in the Senate and was chosen its president. A Backing B Backed C
13、To back D Back (6)They elected Tom Jones_their Member of Parliament. A as B to be C X D all of the above (7)They elected me_the Board of Directors. A X B to C in D for answer 2.主+want/get/ask/order/require/tell/request+宾语+不定式作宾补。注意：只能用不定式不能用现在分词作宾补！ 比如: He asked us to do it. He told us to help him.
14、He requested us to pay attention He ordered us to rest. 练习： (1) I dont want that sort of thing _happening. A keeping B to keep C hold D to continue (2) What is it that you want me_? A doing B done C to do D do (3) Their idea was to get us _the strike. A call out B to call out C call off D to call of
15、f (4) He then asked me_. A to seat B to be seated C seating D seated (5) The doctor _him ordered him to stay in bed. A attended B attending C to attend D to be attended (6) The crew was ordered _the lifeboats. A man B a man C to man D man-made (7)I require you _this to no one. A speak B to speak C t
16、o speak of D spoken (8)The border police required the traveller _his luggage. A to unlock B unlocking C to be unlocked D unlock (9)The public are requested not _litter in these woods. A to drop B drop C leaving D left (10) I told you _trouble, and now look whats happened? A expect B to expect C to h
17、ope D to wish (11)I told you not to climb the trees ,because I knew you _fall and hurt yourself. A will B would C may D should 3.主语+tell/ask/know/learn/teach/wonder+宾语+疑问词+不定式的复合结构。Tell, ask, know, learn, teach既可用不定式作宾补也可用疑问词加不定时作宾补，而wonder只能用疑问词加不定式作宾补。而常用疑问词有who, when, why, what比如： He hasnt told m
18、e how to do it. He asked us where to spend the night. He told us what to do. He taught us how to make clothes. I wondered which way to choose. 练习： (1）How can you tell _button to press? A what B which C whose D X （2）He asked me _to open the box. A when B how C X D all the above (3)Ask your teacher _t
19、o pronounce the word. A what B how C which D where (4) He said they would teach me how to _the farm. A run B walk C jump D sit (5)You must learn when to give advice and when _silent. A be B X C to be D being (6)They knew _to express what they thought, and felt and saw. A x B what C how D which (7)I
20、dont know _to ask advice from. A X B who C whom D B and C answer 4.主语+have/make/let/see/hear/look at /notice/watch/feel+不带to的不定式作宾补. 带有宾补动词原形的动词have/make/let叫作使役动词；see/hear/look at /watch /notice叫感觉动词。不定式常表动作的全过程比如 He made me stand up. He saw us come in. I heard him sing in the next room. I will hav
21、e him do it. 练习： （1）We should be delighted to have you _a member of the institute. A to become B became C becoming D become (2 )Wow! That makes my eyes_. A aching B ache C ached D to Ache (3)I wont stand by and let poor Annie Roberts _like this ! A suffer B suffering C to suffer D suffered (4) They
22、did not let themselves _to pull anybodys chestnuts out of the fire. A used B be used C to be used D using (5) She must have been seen _up before a great hope. A to spring B spring C X D sprang (6)He was seen _it up. A to pick B pick C X D picked (7) And its so quiet you could hear a pin_! A to drop
23、B drop C dropping D dropped (8) I have heard both English and Indians _well of him. A say B to talk C speak D to speak (9)When leaving the house she was heard _some commonplace remark to her Husband. A to make B make C made D X 5.主语+have/leave/keep/get/see/hear /watch/notice/+宾语+v+ing作宾补。其中使动词为have/
24、leave/keep/get注意没有make+宾语v+ing表示动作正在进行。比如： I heard him singing . I felt my heart beating. I watched them fighting. I had the light burning. 练习： (1)Look at the boy_! He disappeared at the turning. A run B to Run C running D ran (2)Did you notice him _when you pass by? A pause B to pause C paused D pa
25、using (3)They watched the sun _into the Mediterranean . A to sink B sink C sank D sunk (4)At once Christine felt herself _a little giddy(头晕） A turn B to turn C turns D tuned (5)I could feel the wind _on my face from an open window. A to blow B blowing C blow D blew (6)I love you, but I wont have you
26、 _things that arent so. A say B saying C to say D said (7)We left him _the gate. A paint B to paint C painting D B and C (8) Sophia saw Mr.Scales _with Constance merrily then. A chat B chatting C chatted D X (9)When it is quiet we can hear the river_. A flowing B flow C to flow D flowed (10)He went again to watch young Forster _against the burning sun. A drilling B to drill C drill D drilled