《延续性动词xiti.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《延续性动词xiti.docx（3页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、中考英语重点知识讲解动词的延续性问题我们首先要了解什么是延续性动词，什么是非延续性动词（也叫短暂性动词）。延续性动词：动词所表示的动作可以延续一段时间（几分钟/小时 /年），如live 、 keep等，它可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用(这样的时间状语经常用since 或 for 引导，可以用 how long 对它进行提问)。非延续性动词： 动词所表示的动作一发生即结束，不能延续， 如 stop、begin、borrow 等，它不可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用；另外它也不能和进行时连用，表示动作正在发生，而且有持续的过程，如果这样的动词和进行时连用，往往表示的是即将进行的意思。在中考里，往
2、往这样考查同学们对这个概念是否理解：一、 till/until的用法中涉及的动词延续性问题：如果一个句子的时间状语由 till/until 引导， 那么它的谓语动词如果是延续性动词就必须用肯定形式；如果它的谓语动词是非延续性动词就必须用否定形式。例如： He didn t leave until/till he finished his homework.他完成家庭作业才离开。（在这个句子里leave 为非延续性动词，所以用了否定形式）He waited for the girl till it was late.他等那个女孩一直到很晚的时候。（在这个句子里wait 为延续性动词，所以用了肯定
3、形式）二、完成时态里涉及的动词延续性问题：很多同学在初学完成时态的时候都不能正确地翻译这样的句子，例如：他买这辆车已经两年了。很多同学会把它翻译成： He has bought this car for two years.在这个句子里，动词buy是非延续性动词， 而时间状语表示的是一段时间，所以把它们联系起来显然是不恰当的。正确的说法是： He has had this car for two years.并不是非延续性动词不能用于完成时态，而只是在时间状语表示的是一段时间的时候，动词只能为延续性动词。比如：The film had begun when he got to the cine
4、ma. （当他到达电影院的时候电影已经开始了。）这样的说法没有什么问题，但是“ The film had begun for ten minuteswhen he got to the cinema.”（当他到达电影院的时候电影已经开始十分钟了。因为十分钟表示的是一段时间，而 begin 不能延续， 所以应该把这个句子改成：）就不正确，The film hadbeen on for ten minutes when he got to the cinema.三、“ how long ”短语涉及的动词延续性问题：“how long ”是对一段时间的长短提问，所以和它连用的动词必须是延续性动词。如
5、“这本书我能借多长时间？” 不能说成： How long can I borrow this book? 而应该说成： How long can I keep this book?某些非延续性动词如果要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，了简单的小结，请大家牢记：（前面为短暂，后面为延续）往往要进行改变，对此我作2.买 buy: have3.死 die: be dead4.走 / 离开 go/leave: be away5.参军join the army: be in the army/be a soldier6.入党join the Party: be in the party/be a Part
6、y member7.开始放映 /展出begin: be on8.交朋友make friends with sb: be friends9. 婚 marry: be married10.开放 /营业open: be open11.关 /停 close: be closed中考 （答案 画 部分）1. -How long may I _ the book?- For two weeks.2. -I m sorry to have kept you waiting.- Oh, not at all. I _ here for only a few minutes.3. -_ you _ China
7、for a long time?- Yes, I came here three years ago.4. -How long _ you _ here? - For about two years so far.A. have; studiedB. did; liveC. do; stayD. were; swimming5. Jack has _ for a week.A. had coldB. had a coldC. got a coldD. caught a cold7. When did you join the League ?- Last year. I _ a league
8、member for one year.A. was B.became C. have been8.I _ this book for two weeks. I have to return it now.A.borrowedB.have borrowedC.kept D.have kept9.Anna, could you lend me this book, please?I m sorry, but I _ it for only two days. I haven t finished it yet.A. have boughtB. have hadC. boughtD. had10.
9、 The students are sorry to hear that the famous singer _ for half an hour.A. has leftB. has goneC. has been awayD. has gone away11. -How long have you _ the motorbike?-For about two weeks.12. A: How long can I _ the magazine?B: For two weeks.A. borrowB. lendC. returnD. keep13. Jeff borrowed a histor
10、y book from his friend. He _it for a week.A. has borrowedB. has lentC. has keptD. lend14. Is your father a Party member?Yes, he _the Party three years ago. He _a Party member for three years.A. joined, has beenB. has joined, has beenC. was joined, isD. joined, was15. _your sister _ in Greener China
11、for a long time?Yes. She joined it five years ago.A. Has; beenB. Have; beenC. Has; joinedD. have; joined16. Dongdong has _ Greener China for two months.A. joinedB. taken part inC. beenD. been a member of17. -How long may I _ the dictionary?-For half a year.A. takeB. keepC. borrowD. lend19. -It s 9 o clock now. I must go.- It s raining outside. Don t leave _ it stops.A. whenB. sinceC. whileD. until