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1、第5讲 首字母填空+较难阅读 AB开头的词组默写a bit (of )有一点儿a couple of两个;几个a kind of 一种;一类a lot of/lots of 许多 a pair of 一双;一副a piece of一(块,张,片,件)above all首先，尤其； 最重要的是according to 按照;根据add.to加上after all终究;毕竟agree with sb.同意某人的意见all over到处all right行了;好吧;(病)好了all the way一路上and so on等等apologize to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉arri
2、ve at/ in a place到达某地as.as像一样;如同 as soon as一就 as well也;又ask for请求;寻求at breakfast/lunch/supper早/午/晚餐时 at first/last起先;开始的时候/最后;终于 at home在家(里)at least/most 至少/至多at once立刻;马上at present现在,目前at the end of在结束的时候at the same time同时 at /on weekends在周末 at work在工作be based on以为依据;以为基础be able to能够(有能力)be afraid
3、 of害怕be angry with sb.生某人的气be bad for 有 害 于be born出生be busy with/doing sth. 忙于做某事be careful with小心be connected to/with与有联系be covered with被覆盖be different from与不同be/get familiar to/with对熟悉;通晓be famous for以而著名be fond of爱好be full of充满be good/poor at擅长于/对比较差be interested in对感兴趣be keen on 喜 爱be late for迟到
4、be located (in /on/at)位于be made of由制成be made up of由组成be pleased with对满意 be proud of为而感到自豪 be ready for为作准备be responsible for 对负责任be satisfied with对感到满意be similar to与类似be strict with对严格be surprised at 对感到惊奇be thankful to sb. 对某人很感激be used to 习 惯 于because of 由 于belong to属于big deal大人物;了不起的事both.and两者都b
5、reak into 闯入;破门而入break down损坏；衰弱下来by bus/train/plane乘公共汽车/火车/飞机by oneself亲自by the way顺便说;顺便问一下语法难点-主谓一致就近一致故事：就近有一只猫和三只老鼠在玩耍，在我看来，或者猫或者老鼠是要死的，可实际上，猫既没有把老鼠吃掉，老鼠也没有把猫整死，在长期的进化中，不仅是猫而且老鼠也知道了友善，他们彼此和谐相处了。不是猫，而是老鼠认为世界该变一变了。译文：Thereisacatandthreemiceplayinginthe yard.解析：therebe句子是倒装结构，其中be的数的变化取决于最临近的一个主语
6、。例如：Isthereabananaandsevenapplesonthetable?译文：Inmyview,eithercatormicearetodieinthestuggle.解析：eitheror或者或者,连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数随就近的一个。例如：EitherheorIamtoberesponsiblefortheaccident.译文：But,tomysurprise,neithermicenorcatdies.解析：neithernor既不也不,连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数随就近的一个。例如：Neitherhisparentsnorheisinterestedinswimmi
7、ng.译文：Inthelongrun,theyhavebecomefriendlytoeachother.Notcatbutmicebelieve theworldshouldchange.解析：notbut.不是而是. ,连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数随就近的一个。例如：Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherrunsawayintheearthquake.(符合就近原则的结构有therebe,notbut,notonlybutalso,oror,neithernor)记忆：就近有个人在叫卖，不是老头而是老太；不仅卖瓜而且卖菜，或者现钱或者放债，既没有车也不用秤，只要你笑
8、她就白送。语法一致故事：三国时候有一套马车金壁辉煌，它的美吸引了每一个国王，每一个国王，还有他的大臣们不止一次地想拥有这套马车，很多种方法都被他们尝试过了，但艰苦努力都是徒劳，当时有99的人口都反对把车让给国王，因为只有勇士张飞，才是唯一有资格拥有这辆马车的人。只要这辆马车一跑，就会趟起大量的尘土。译文：TherewasacartandhorseintheThreeKingdomPeriod,whichwasverysplendid.解析：由and连接两个名词做主语，不是指同一个人、同一物或同一概念时，谓语动词一般用复数。当and连接两个表示同一个人，同一物或同一概念时，谓语动词常用单数形式，
9、如果名词前要加冠词，往往在第一个名词前才用，第二个名词前不用冠词修饰。常见的有breadandbutter,warandpeace,aknifeand fork，acartandhorse等。如：（1）Fireandwaterdontagree.(2)Thesingeranddancerispopularwiththeyoungpeople.(3)Breadandbutteriswhattheyusuallyhaveforbreakfast.译文：Everykingwasattractedbyitsbeauty.解析：两个并列名词分别由every，each,manya,no等修饰，做主语时，谓
10、语动词用第三人称单数。如：（4）EachboyandeachgirlhasanEnglishdictionary.(5)Manyaboyandmanya girlmadethesamemistakeintheexercise.(6)Nomanandnoanimalisonthemoon.译文：Theking,togetherwithhisministerswantedmorethanoncetoownthehorseandcart.解析：主语后面接有with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,ratherthan,inadditionto,like,except,
11、but,including,besides等词构成的短语修饰时，谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致。如：（7）ProfessorBrownwithagroupofstudentswasdoingexperimentsatthattime.(8)Ourheadteacher,alongwithhisstudentsisgoingtoplayfootballthisweekend.译文：Manyawaywastriedbythem.解析：“morethanone+ 单数名词（不止一个）”，“manya(许多)”虽然表示复数含义，但谓语动词与单数名词保持一致，习惯上用单数。如：（9）Morethano
12、nepersonwaspresentatthemeeting.（10）Manyastudenthaspassedtheexam.译文：Buthardworkingwasinvain.解析：不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句做主语，谓语动词用单数。(11)Seeingisbelieving. =Toseeistobelieve.(12)Whenwellgooutforanoutinghasbeendecided.译文：99ofthepopulationwereagainstthekingsownershipofthecartandhorse.解析：百分数(或分数) +of+ 可数名词单数(或不
13、可数名词)，谓语用单数；百分数 (或分数) +of+名词复数，谓语用复数。(13)Twentypercentoftheworkersinthefactoryarewomen.(14)Morethan70percentofthesurfaceoftheearthiscoveredbywater.译文：ZhangFeiwastheonlyoneofthepeoplewhohadtherighttoownthecartandhorse.解析：在定语从句中关系代词做主语时，从句谓语动词要与先行词的数保持一致。在先行词前有oneof修饰时，从句谓语动词与复数名词保持一致;在先行词前有theonlyone
14、of,theveryoneof等修饰时，从句谓语动词与one保持一致，用第三人称单数形式。如：（15）Themanwhowantstoseeyouiswaitingforyouatthegate.(16)Hewasoneofthemenintheofficewhowereinvitedtotheball.(17)Hewastheonlyoneofthemenintheofficewhowasinvitedtotheball.译文：Hugequantitiesofdirtwereraisedbythecartaslongasthehorseran.largeamountsof和hugequant
15、itiesof后即使跟的是不可数名词，谓语动词也要用复数形式。（18）Hugequantitiesofgoodearthhasbeenblownawayinthisarea.意义一致故事：受伤的人们都戴着眼镜，正在看一千零一夜的故事，这时，从远处来了一群牛，牛背上驮着家具，这些家具值3万美元，这可是一大笔钱啊。译文：Thewoundedwerewearingglasses.解析：“the+ 形容词或过去分词”，如：therich,thepoor, theblind,theold,theinjured,thewounded做主语时，表示具体的某类人或事，谓语动词常常用复数形式。如：Therich
16、makethepoorslaves.Thewoundedweresenttothehospitalatonce.表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses(眼镜)trousers,clothes，pincers,tongs夹钳shears，sessiors剪子。使用这些词做主语时，谓语应该用复数。若表达具体数目，要借助数量词pair(对，双);suit(套);apairofglasses;twopairsof trousers，这时，谓语动词应该用单数。Apairofglassesisnecessarytothenear-sighted.眼镜对近视眼患者很有必要。译文：Theyarereadi
17、ng“theArabianNights”.解析：以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，用在句子中做主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：a.maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。b.news是不可数名词。c.国家名称theUnitedStates，theUnitedNations，应视为单数。TheUnitedNationswasorganizedin1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。d. 以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。TheArabianNightsisaveryinterestingstory-book.<<一千零一夜>
18、>是一本非常有趣的故事书。“NewYorkTimes”isaveryinfluencialpaper.纽约时报是一份很有影响的报纸。译文：Justthen,aherdofcattlecamefromthedistance,withfurnitureontheirbacks,whichwasworth30000dollars.解析：集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。如：peoplepolicecattleaudiencejewelleryclothing等本身就是复数，不能说apeople，apolice，acattle，英文中还有些单词，可以看作是一个整体，这时是单数，也可以看作是很
19、多个体，这时表复数的概念。例如：class（班；全班同学）,team（队；全体队员）,family（家庭；全家人）等。Myclassoftenwinsfirstinthecompetition.Myclassareallgirlstudents.Thefamilyliveshappily.Thefamilyalllikepotatoesandtomatoes.以下一些词是不可数名词，在句子中当单数处理。furnitureequipment译文：30000dollarsisabigsumofmoney.解析：表示时间、距离、金钱、重量等的复数名词或短语做主语时，常常看作一个整体，谓语动词用第三人
20、称单。如（1）Anotherthreeyearshaspassed.（2)Thirty-sixthousandfrancsisabigsumforthecoupletopayoff.巩固训练( )1. Neither of the girls _from England. They are Germans.A) are B) is C) arent D) isnt( )2. Neither he nor I _able to pass the exam.A) are B) is C) am D) be( )3.Mr. Brown, together with his two children,
21、_ having a picnic this time yesterday.A) is B) are C) was D) were( )4. Not only his parents but also his teacher _Tom for his good job.A) has praised B) have praised C) are praised D) is praised( )5. Two and a half years _since I came to Shanghai.A) have passed B) has passed C) were D) was past( )6.
22、 The number of the people _growing all the time.A) is B) are C) was D) were( )7. A large number of tourists _ to visit Shanghai every year.A) come B) comes C) came D) will come( )8. There _a lot of rain there every year. A) have B) are C) has D) is ( )9.The Greens _the Great Wall twice.A) have gone
23、to B) has been to C) have been to D) has gone( )10. _this pair of shoes yours?A) Does B) Are C) Do D) Is( )11. The singer and dancer _ in Beijing.A) is B) are C) was D) were( )12. A great deal of time _to translate the whole book into English.A) are needed B) is needed C) need D) needs( )13. There _
24、nothing in the room. A) have B) has C) are D) is( )14. Bread and butter _his usual breakfast.A) is B) are C) was D) has( )15.The boy with his dog _walking along the path.A) is B) are C) have D) has( )16. One fifth of the students in our school _basketball.A) like play B) likes play C) like playing D
25、) likes playing( )17.The police_ for a robber these days.A) is searching B) was searching C) are searching D) were searching( )18. There _a pen, a rule and three pencils in the pencil-box.A) be B) are C) has D) is( )19. The teacher as well as the students _disappointed at the result of the match.A)
26、have been B) has C) were D) was( )20. Nobody but Tim and Bill _in the playground at that timeA) is B) are C) was D) were( )21. Either my mother or I _at home.A) am B) is C) are D) be( )22. Both Kate and I _ready for the picnic now.A) is not B) is getting C) are getting D) am getting( )23. Everyone e
27、xcept Tom and John _there when the meeting began.A) is B) was C) are D) were( )24. The teacher with some students _ planting trees.A) is B) are C) has D) have( )25. None of us _ read the story, so we know nothing about itA) is B) are C) hasnt D) have 同步精练：1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.A 8.D 9.C 10.D 11.
28、A 12.B 13.D 14.B 15.A 16.C 17.C 18.D 19.D 20.C 21.A 22.C 23.B 24.A 25.D中考句型转换一、将复合句转换为简单句 1. I didnt know what I should say.I didnt know what _ _.2. Does the shop close at six every day? Do you know?Do you know _ the shop _ at six every day?3. Lucy is the tallest girl in her class.Lucy is _ than _ _
29、 girl in her class.4. Tom is as old as Jim.Tom and Jim _ _ in the _year.5. John will go to bed after he finishes his homework.John _ _ to bed _ he finishes his homework.6. He was so happy that he couldnt say a word when he was told the news.He was _ happy _ say a word when he was told the news.7. He
30、 is so tall that he can reach the basket. He is_ _ to reach the basket.8. I dont know which one I will choose. I dont know_ one _ choose.9. She got up early so that she could get there on time. She got up early_ _ _ get there on time.10. I dont know when I shall start the work. I dont know_ _ _the w
31、ork.11. The teacher was pleased with what he had said. The teacher was pleased with _ _.12. We didnt go out for a walk because it was raining. We didnt go out for a walk _ _ the rain.12. He was so excited that he couldnt go to sleep.He was _ _ _ go to sleep.13. I dont know when we will begin the wor
32、k. I dont know _ _ _ the work.14. You must finish all the work before you go to bed.You must finish all the work _ _to bed.15. He got up early in order that he could catch the early bus. He got up early _ _ _ catch the early bus.16. She found that he was a very good pupil She _ _ a very good pupil 1
33、7. His friend didnt know what he should do His friend didnt know _ _do 18. If we dont move that bag，there may be an accident _ that bag，_ there may be an accident19. He found it was not easy to sleep He found _ _ to sleep 20. English is more popular than any other subject English is _ _ _ subject of
34、 all21. If you dont study hard，you will not pass the exam _ hard，_you will not pass the exam 22. I hope I can see him as soon as I can I hope _ _ him as soon as _ 23.She became ill because it was too cold She became ill _ _ the cold weather 24.If you arent quick, you will be late for school._ quick,
35、 _you will be late for school.25. If you dont hurry, you wont catch the train. Hurry up, _ you will _the train.26. I saw that he was playing in the park just now. I saw _ _ in the park just now.27.The problem is so difficult that I cant work it out. The problem is _difficult for me _ work it out.28.
36、Linda knows how she should finish it. Linda knows _ _ finish it.29.Mr. Smith noticed that the children were playing football on the ground. Mr. Smith noticed the children _ on the ground.30.Jim doesnt know how he can swim. Jim doesnt know_ _ _.二、将简单句转换为复合句1. We all expect him to come to the party. W
37、e all expect _ _ _come to the party.2. We cant decide where to go. We cant decide _ _ _ go.3. Please tell me when to leave for the front.Please tell me _ we _ leave for the front.4. Now I will show you how to do the work. Now I will show you _ _ _ do the work.5. You should put them back after using
38、them. You should put them back _ you_ them.6. We dont know what to do with he rubbish. We dont know what we _ _ with the rubbish.7. The box is too heavy for me to move. The box is _ heavy _ I cant move it.8. Do you mind my opening the window? Do you mind_ _ open the window?9. He went to bed at twelv
39、e last night He _ _ to bed _ twelve last night 10.Jim runs the fastest of the three boys Jim runs _ _the other _boys 11. We often play basketball after school We often play basketball when school _ _ 12. They are too tired to walk any farther. They are _ tired that they _walk any farther.13. He studied hard in order to pass the exam.He studied hard _ _ _ he could pass the exam. 14. He cant come because he is ill.He cant come _ _ his _.15. Turn off the light before leaving.