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1、8B Unit1&2 语法学案 不定式&动名词 Class Name_I不定式1：动词不定式的构成 肯定：to + V 原形 否定：not to + V 原形2：功能：a).不定式作宾语： V+ to do 常见的后面接不定式作宾语的词有： 希望、想要、决定、同意、计划 hope want / would like decide agree plan to do 迫不及待cant wait to dob).不定式作宾语补足语： V+objects+ to dotell sb. ( not) to do sth. ask sb. ( not ) to do sth. c). 不定式表目的： I
2、get up early to catch the early bus.特殊：1：后面接不带 “to” 动词不定式做宾语补足语有： make sb. do , let sb. do , had better(not ) do , why not do2： 感官动词的用法： see , watch , hear , notice , find 1. 经常或已经发生的动作，常用不带to 的不定式 see sb. do sth. - hear sb. do sth. 2. 动作正在实行的用现在分词(V-ing ) see sb. doing hear sb. doing eg. 1)We often
3、 hear him _ ( read ) English in the morning. 2) I saw him _ ( play ) the piano yesterday when I passed his house. 3.疑问词+不定式 We dont know what _ ( do ) next. Uncle Wang teaches us how _ ( repair ) radios. Can you tell me where _ ( go ) after the entrance examination. 4有些词后面既能够接动词to do 又能够接动词-ing 形式，
4、但意义有区别的： 1.记住做了某事 remember doing sth. 记得去做某事 remember to do 2.忘记做了某事 forget doing sth. 忘记去做某事 forget to do 3. 停止做某事stop doing sth. 停下来去做某事stop to do sth.4. 继续做某事go on doing sth. 继续去做另外一件事go on to do sth. Tom looked quite tired. His teacher asked him to stop _ ( run ). So he stop _ ( drink ) some wat
5、er. 不定式常用句型：1. It takes sb. some time / some money to do 花费.做某事2. . too + adj. / adv. + ( for sb. ) + to do sth. 太.而不能做.3. adj. + enough + to do sth. 充足做4. It is + adj. + to do sth. It is + adj. + for sb. / of sb. + to do sth. 5. Its time (for sb.) to do 该是某人做 的时候了6. There is no time to do 没有时间做某事 T
6、here is / are . doing 有正在做 .7. . think / make / find / feel + it + adj. + to do I find it very important _ (learn ) English well. I think it possible _ ( finish ) the work this week. 8. Would ( Will ) you please ( not ) do sth. 请问你愿意做.?9. have. to do 有要做I have much homework _ (do ). Tom has no pen _
7、 ( write ) with. 10. 我的计划（ 梦想、野心、目标、愿望、意图）是. My plane ( dream / ambition / aim / wish / purpose.) is to do . My ambition is _ a man like Bill Gates. 11. 使用做某事 use sth. to do sth. 某物被用来做 sth. be used to do 过去常常做 .used to do 习惯做某事be / get used to doing 12. 想要做某事feel like doing want to do would you lik
8、e to doII 动名词1. 构成：以动词原形 + -ing构成。 2. 动名词变化规则。 a) 一般情况下，直接在词尾加- ing cook-cooking, buy-buying, wait-waitingb) 以不发音e结尾的动词，去掉e再加- ing use-using, make-making, ride-riding c) 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音的单词, 要双写最后一个字母后加- ing run-running, stop-stopping, cut-cutting, begin-beginning, prefer-preferring d) 少数以ie结尾的动词，变
9、ie为y，再加- ing die-dying, lie-lying, tie-lying e) 以oe, ee, ye结尾的动词，直接在词尾加- ing see-seeing, flee-fleeing, hoe-hoeing 动名词构成口诀： 动名词变化有奥秘， -ing词尾跟得牢。 重读闭音节要双写，哑音e结尾应去掉。 ie变y很特殊，反复记忆有诀窍。 跟踪练习：写出以下单词的动名词。 run swim make begin go_ like write shop have sing _ dance put see love live_ take come get stop sit _ 3
10、. 动名词的用法： （1） 作主语：常位于句首，此时谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。 Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 注意：当动名词作句子的主语时，谓语动词使用单数形式。 Swimming is her favourite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的运动。 （2）作动词和介词的宾语。 She likes singing and dancing. 她喜欢唱歌跳舞。 注意：介词后出现动词时，通常要用动名词形式，不能用动词原形，通常也不用不定式。 Thank you for helping us. 谢谢你帮助我们。 He left without saying good-b
11、ye. 他没有告别就离开了。 （3）动名词可以有自己的宾语。 Finding work is difficult these days. 现在找工作可不容易。 He enjoys playing basketball. 他喜爱打篮球。 （4）跟踪练习： 1. The retired couple enjoy_ photos. They always go out with their cameras. A. take B. took C. to take D. taking 2. Thanks very much for _ me to your birthday party. A. invi
12、te B. inviting C. invited D. to invite 4. 与动词搭配的doing用法： （1） keep doing sth 一直作某事 （2）be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 （3）spend time / money (in) doing sth 花时间/ 金钱做某事 。 （4）finish doing sth 完成某事 （5） enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事（6）mind doing sth 介意做某事（7）feel like doing sth 想要做某事 （8）stop (keep, prevent) sb/ sth from do
13、ing sth 阻止某人/某物做某事 （9）thank for doing sth 为了某事 而感谢某人（10） waste time/ money doing sth 浪费时间/金钱做某事 （11） be worth doing sth 值得做某事 （12） cant help doing sth 情不自禁（忍不住）做某事 （13） give up doing sth 放弃做某事 （14）be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 。 （15） what about / how about doing sth 做某事怎么样 （16）have trouble doing sth 很
14、费劲地做某事 （17）practise doing sth 练习做某事 （18）It is no use (good) doing sth 做没用（19）no + doing 禁止，（20）look forward to doing sth （21） pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事 （22） suggest doing sth 建议做某事（23）avoid dong sth 避免做某事 （24） do + some + doing do some cooking/ shopping / cleaning/ washing/ reading/ 做饭（购物，打扫卫
15、生， 洗衣服，读书） （25）go + doing去做某事 go _/ _ /_/ _/ _/ _ the hill/_ / _ / sightseeing （去购物 /钓鱼 / 游泳/ 滑冰/ 划船/ 爬山 / 远足/ 观光）8B Unit1&2 动名词&不定式 语法测试 Class Name_ .用词的适当形式填空（48分,一空一分）1. How about _ ( go ) shopping with me this afternoon?2. Would you mind _ ( open ) the door for me ?3. If you need help , please l
16、et me _ ( know )4. The man was too angry _ (say ) anything. 5. Dont _ ( read ) in the sun. It is bad for your eyes. 6. I have decided _ ( not go) out at night. 7. He went on _ ( do ) physics exercises after he finished chemistry homework. 8. The movie is well worth _ a second time.9. I am going to B
17、eijing . Do you have anything _ ( take ) to your parents?10. Dont keep me _ ( wait ) for too long. 11. He is busy _ ( cook ) in the kitchen now. 12. Children should be stopped from _ ( smoke ).13. It is kind of you _ ( say ) so. 14. It is important for us _ ( learn ) English well. 15. He finished _
18、( read ) the book and returned it to the library. 16. At the beginning , Simon isnt used to _ ( eat ) this kind of food. 17.When class began , we stopped _( listen ) to the teacher carefully. 18. Dont forget _ ( bring ) your dictionary to school tomorrow. 19. The teacher made us _ ( clean ) the stre
19、et. 20.He could not help _ ( laugh ) when he saw the funny picture. 21. It took me two hours _ (do ) my lessons last night. 22.Thanks for _ ( invite ) me to the party23The first thing _ ( do ) is to write a letter to apply for the job.24. We often hear him _ ( read ) English in the morning. 25.Liste
20、n ! Now we can hear him _ ( read ) in his room. 26. Its time for the basketball players _ ( have ) lunch.27. We dont know how _ ( do ) next. 28. No _! 不准停车！ (park)29. We have a lot of homework _ ( do ) . 30. My went _ ( swim ) after she finished _ ( do ) her work. 31. A bridge is used for _ ( keep )
21、 vegetable and food cool. 32. One day when Edison was five years old , his father saw him _ (sit ) on some eggs. 33.Would you like _ ( share ) your experiences with us ?34. Do you feel like _ ( walk ) or shall we go by bus ?35. We are looking forward to _ ( watch ) the World Cup 2006 in Germany. 36.
22、Tony plans _ ( write ) an article about machines.37. Her wish is _ ( become ) a famous singer. 38.Why not _ (do ) more exercises? Its good for your health. 39.Do you often practice _ (play) the violin after school ?40.Knock at the door before _ (enter ). . 选择（12分）（ ）1We must do everything we can _ o
23、ur earth cleaner and safer.A. made B. to making C. make D. to make ( )2. It was such a funny show that people couldnt help _ again and again. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed ( )3. - _ a volunteer is great. - I think so. Some of us want _volunteers for the London Olympics. A. Being, being
24、 B.To be ,being C.Being , to be D. To be , to be ( ) 4. Miss Wang has got a big room _ A. to live B. to live in C. lived in D. for living （ ）5. -Would you like the Wutong Mountain tomorrow? (2012)-If my mother , Ill go with you. A. climbing; will allow B. climbing; allows C. to climb; allows D. to c
25、limb; will allow（ ）6-The weather report says there is going to _ a typhoon tonight.-So we had better _ A. be, not go B. have, not go C. be, not to go D. have, not to go（ ）7-Mary, would you like to _ this game?A. join in, to write B. attend, writing C. join, to write D. take part in, writing（ ）8. -Have you ever _ Australia? -Yes, I have. Its really interesting _ with kangaroos.A. been to, to play B. gone to, played C. been to, play D. gone to, playing（ ）9. -_ weather it is! Lets go _. -Good idea! (2007)A.How fine, to camp B. How fine a, camping C .What a fine, to camp D. What fine, camping