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1、Unit 3-1,1. What is the title of the quiz? 2. What does Mark say about his memory? 3. What does Mark say he cant do? 4. What does Mark say about The Times newspaper? 5. What does Janet say at the end of conversation? 6. Why does Janet laugh?,Because Mark forgot he had a lecture.,“ How much do you kn
2、ow about memory?”,He says hes got a pretty good memory.,He says he cant remember a thing when hes tired,He says he read something about memory in it.,She jokes,” Oh, Mark! What a good memory you have!”,Mark: Hi, whatre you doing? Janet: Oh, nothing muchWell, Im just doing this _here in the newspaper
3、.,Mark: Lets have a look then. Janet: Here. Its called, “ how much do you know about memory?”_. Do you want to have a go? Mark: OK, might as well. Im not busy. Janet: Right. Look, Ill read_. Then you have to answer “true” or “ false”. Ready? Mark: Yea. Janet: OK. Physical exercise improves your memo
4、ry. True or false? Mark: True, I suppose. _,quiz,Ive just done it,the statements,It sounds like the right answer.,Janet: Youre right, physical exercise improve your memory. Next statement: 30 per cent of people have a visual memory.,Mark:_. True? Janet: No, wrong, Im afraid. In fact, 60 per cent of
5、people have a visual memory. Mark: Really? Actually,_. Janet: Have you? OKNext one When youre tired, its difficult to remember things. Mark: Thats true,_. I cant remember a thing when Im tired. Janet: Correct!_, your memory will improve. Mark: Im not sure True?,It sounds about right,Ive got a pretty
6、 good memory,obviously,If you do one activity for a long time,Janet: Actually, its false. Mark: Oh! Janet: _ _ Mark: I read something in The Times about that. True. Janet: True, it says here. Mark: Oh, no! Ive got a lecture. Id forgotten. Id better get going! Janet: Oh, Mark! _,Eating fruit and vege
7、tables can improve your memory.,What a good memory you have!,Unit 3-2,Kate: Youre looking a bit down, Janet. Whats up? Janet: WellIm finding studying at Oxford quite hard.,Kate: Youre telling me! Theres so much work. Janet: Its not the amount of work-but everythings so difficult. In China_ we have l
8、arge classes, we dont have tutorials. And_. Our teachers tell what we should do. So Im not used to asking questions or discussing things._. Kate: You have to memorize a lot, dont you? Janet: Yes, but Im good at that. Kaye: Youre lucky. Theres so much to remember studying law!_. Sometimes, I really d
9、o.,generally,mostly,I find it difficult,I have difficulty,Janet: Yes, well, weve been trained to do that. But we dont have so much training in critical thinking.,Kate: What do you mean by critical thinking? Janet: Let me think I think its giving your opinion and then justifying it. Kate: Yes, I supp
10、ose thats what our teachers have always encouraged us to do. Janet: I am_, I suppose. Kate: Hey! How about this? Lets pretend Im your tutor. Ill make a statement. _to examine it and then ask questions. Janet: OK. Kate: _learning a second language. Go on, ask a question!,getting better at it,Your tas
11、k is,Everyone is capable of,Janet: Why do you say that? Kate: Thats what the research tells us._ _. Janet: Can you give an example of some research? Kate: Um No! Look, Im starving and I cant think at all when Im hungry.,Now ask another one.,U3-outside-1,Correct the sentences according to the clip: 1
12、. Mind map are diagrams which help us to ideas, and also to organize or structure our ideas related to a topic. 2.Ok, brainstorming is of mind maps. 3. By using mind maps to collect the main ideas from what the teacher says, you can keep a very of a topic 4. Before an exam, after having only studied
13、 for,discuss,generate,the most important use,one of the most important uses,good idea,general understanding,a short time, you might want capture the very general understanding about the subject.,many, many days or even weeks, you might want to capture the very general understanding about the subject
14、.,5. They give us almost a picture, a different perspective in terms of a picture, or a diagram of understanding information or understanding connected ideas, which is very helpful for people who like to learn 6. As you can see, we have throughout our mind map. 7. Mind maps are very and therefore th
15、ey encourage us to think creatively, you might say.,in their own way.,from a different way.,long texts,main ideas,logical,illogical,T: Good morning, class. Ss: Good morning. T: What were going to do today is,_mind maps or mind mapping. Now have any of you heard about mind maps before? Ss: Yes No T:
16、Yes. Some of you have, some of you havent. OK. Have any of you _mind maps in the past? Ss: No T: No? OK. Who can tell me what a mind map is? S1: Its a way of thinking. T: It is a way of thinking. Mind maps are diagrams which help us to generate ideas, and also to _ our ideas related to a topic. What
17、 Id like to do next is look at some of the uses or the reasons for using mind maps. What are some of the reasons for using mind maps?,start off looking at,actually used,organize or structure,S2:To make a list? T: To make a list? Yes. We could say to brainstorm ideas. Everyone _ their ideas as many i
18、deas as quickly as,possible, from everyone in a shorter time, er, as, as we can _. OK, brainstorming is one of the most important um, um, uses of mind maps. What might be another use or another reason for using mind maps? S3: It can help me _in the class. T: OK, for the_, a very good reason. Mind ma
19、ps help us to get an overview or a, a quick understanding about a subject. By using mind maps to _the main ideas from what the teacher says you can keep a, a very general understanding of a topic and understand _quite easily and um, quickly. What are some other uses of mind maps? S4: Preparing for e
20、xams?,contributes,manage,take notes,note-taking,collect,connections,T:OK. Preparing for exams. Thats a very good reason. We might call this, er, _. Before an exam, after having studied for many, many days or even,weeks, you might want to _the, the, the very general understanding about the subject. A
21、re there any other uses that you can think of for mind mapping? S5: We can also use it for finding answers. T: For finding answers. Thats, thats a very good, good answer. We could call this_. We can use mind maps to, to see other possible alternatives, or options to, to to solve a problem. OK. Next,
22、 Id like us to talk about some of the _or the benefits of using mind maps instead of just writing everything on a piece of paper.,revision,capture,problem-solving,advantages,One of the most _advantages, as you can see, is that mind maps are very visual. They give us um, almost a picture,a, a differe
23、nt perspective in terms of a picture, or a diagram of understanding _or understanding connected ideas, which is very helpful for people who like to learn from a different way. Are there any other advantages that you can think of for mind mapping? S4: It lists the main points. T: They do. They do lis
24、t the main points. We could call this um,_. As you can see, we have main ideas throughout our mind map, not long texts. And in this way, it helps us to _the, the key ideas and the key connections for mind maps or for our given subject. Are there any other advantages you can think of?,obvious,informa
25、tion,a quick summary,grasp,S1: To think creatively. T: To think creatively. Thats,_. We could call this creative thinking. And what we mean here is _outside of the box or thinking laterally. Mind maps are illogical and by being illogical they _us to think creatively, you might say.,thats a very good
26、 point,basically thinking,encourage,U3-outside-2,A) the ways you uses colours is a personal choice,1. In the centre of a mind map there is a_. A) key word B) central word C) central word or phrase 2. The teacher says that the key words help us to_. A) think about the main ideas C) concentrate D) thi
27、nk visually 3. The teacher says that_. B) colours are very important C) you mustnt use too many colours D) colours help to plan your thinking 4. The teacher says that_. A) people often use symbols C) she uses a speech bubble symbol with her key words D) she uses though bubbles a lot.,D) central word
28、, phrase, sentence or question,D) central word, phrase, sentence or question,B) think about the main ideas and make connections,B) think about the main ideas and make connections,A) the ways you uses colours is a personal choice,B) people can use images or pictures related to the key words,B) people
29、 can use images or pictures related to the key words,T: Next, Id like us to think about aspects of _or constructing mind maps. So far we have completed _ of our mind map about mind maps. And,then Id just like you to have a look at this mind map and tell me what some of the most _features are that we
30、 can talk about. S2: There is a center. T: There is a center. There is what we call a central word, a central word or a phrase. It might also be a sentence or a question. You might have that in the center of the board and your _spiraling or radiating out. What else do you notice about the design of
31、this mind map? S1: There are only words, not sentences.,design,three quarters,noticeable or striking,related thoughts,T: Exactly. There are many what we call key words as they capture the main thought of, of an issue _a long sentence or, or a passage. This helps,us to concentrate on the main issues
32、and find connection s between these issues as well. What other _of design do you notice here? S5: It looks like a tree. T: It does look like a tree because it has branches. By having branches,_, um, thinking is radiating out or spiraling out from key ideas or central ideas to key words to sub-words
33、and, and so forth. Are there any other aspects of design which you notice in this _map? S2: You used a lot of colours.,rather than,aspects,it shows how,particular,T: I did. I perhaps use too many colours. I have used different colour to show the different key words or different _ of a mind map or ke
34、y information. Or,you may, you may choose to have it all in one colour. Its very much a personal choice,_, to think and, and plan your thinking. You might also like to use images or pictures_. Or you might even use symbols. Well put a question mark because this again is a personal choice and how you
35、 like to design your mind maps. For example, I might choose to use a thought bubble as a symbol, _ my central phrase, mind maps. This could be a, a feature of my own mind maps. Whenever I design a mind map, I highlight my central thought using a speech bubble symbol.,sections,depending on how you li
36、ke to,related to some of the key words,highlighting or identifying,Listening in,U3-1,Listen to Passage 1 and complete the factfile on Martin Downes:,Age,51,Age when the stroke occurred,50,Number of weeks of speech and language therapy,12,Length of time in hospital,3.5 months,Complete the sentences:
37、1. Im very happy to-not that I remember much at all. I was at a_, building a cupboard, and the next thing I knew, I woke up in hospital with _bending over me. 2. Yeah! I dont know what would have happened to me if_. But they were there for me, they really were. I had something called aphasia, where
38、the part of your brain_ _ 3. But they started treatment for the condition_ _. This speech and language therapist came to see me every day for 12 weeks. _ _.,customers house,people in white coats,I hadnt had my family,gets damaged that affects your speech and language.,almost immediately,They made me
39、 do all these exercises.,4. I had to match _and say their names. You see, Id also forgotten the names of a lot of things. She had this thing called a word board and I could _that I wanted to say. I had to repeat words up to 20 timesboy, it was hard, so hard. I could say three words. “Hi” , “Yes” and
40、 “No”. That was all. And there were _I couldnt understand _ _was 6. And slowly my language came back to me._ _. I had to_ _,words and pictures,point to words and phrases on it,a lot of words,I had to learn their meanings all over again.,It a struggle, a big struggle,learn to read and write again too
41、.,I was lucky. I was given the right drug_. And I had 12 weeks of therapy, five days a week. _ _,at the right time,Thats very important, apparently.,Listening in,U3-2,Interviewer: In 1907 an Italian educator called Maria Montessori _in Rome that taught young children using methods that were very dif
42、ferent from_. Today, the Montessori method, as its known, is used in nursery schools in countries such as America, Canada, Britain and Germany. _that children educated at a Montessori nursery do better later on at school than other children_. We asked two Montessori teachers, Claudia Rosella and Sar
43、ah Harrington, to explain what makes their nursery school different. Sarah ,opened a school,traditional teaching,in all subjects,Recent research shows,Sarah: I think the first thing to say is that a Montessori classroom is_. Everything stays in the same place. So the children are _ _ Interviewer: So
44、 theyre not encouraged to be noisy. Sarah: No, definitely not Interviewer : Claudia? Claudia: Yes, the classrooms very important._ _. They choose what they want to do. Interviewer: So the teacher doesnt tell the child what to do?,very quiet, very clean,calm and quiet as a result.,Another important principle is that children direct their own learning,Sarah: Not at all. While _we observe them. Then we work with the child for a short time and then_. Interviewer: That sounds excellent. And wh