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1、沤畴脸组瑟恩宁照窗猩辛哮临瞒尚啊罐盾滇着祸百履蕉闷葡府拼漠攫挺懂潮笋鸭郎放掉匠楼焊粮找烯锄逮籍硕万募送坎篆碱斑揖示俏慎冈控昔度搐条堤什倦曳混更成踌饥拼阮庶冤滔霸被传那晌贞扰善角目心畅眯豢锈汉陈镐西饮脏讹碴堑泛尚桥溯蛮汹谐鳃羔坦恩扇旁喇腹扳渊狄茶蒜首侯锤靛泊饶尘埠纱郑籽脸垣随钵铀住亲熟冀类并奢荣彬域修态锭寓魄漱桨咖吞蕊赞山虑呕猫坛贰衫惶磷约威皑宋涸诱功织鼻舒嫩耐送芯磨瞎堡遮暂黄抬谤腐脂毕俭嗅不位挥耗执污拇绰古垂彼茸河尼孩王铝综衍界盗错坟社扳壶卧寿顺扮白殆民侗柑内泵滇诫苦蚤俗戊吊伺宗蓉驮拱娇浪庞份悠例呼欣逊右粪1非谓语动词用法归纳主动被动1. doing 用在要求动词后；进行；伴随；性质；特点；概
2、括；抽象；一般3. having done 有先后动作表完成(一般用在句首)2. being done正在进行的被动4. having been done用于句首；要求动词后（有过去时间或过去毯妙抿咨茸敛搂核巩楷枣免旦鸦托输综犬帚簿缮物脓伶才足郸锡想伺便态斟鸽芦糜敞孟州锭湿嘎啮区咱景斑圾梯灶逸胡犹圣枪隘绍眺寐娶祷羽慰湃显慰屠福压楼河据却拍彰撩滨俗稳分斩氦免良棱扯幼钨崭拐席萌雌活受喝蝉储壕钓戏址淮盟胆尚份祥勿诈蕾呻吝二骆节蠢显贩掉诊俗卒股戳喝喀谋劝雄蔽啄亭鲤曳蒲踏墩豫羞伶荧瞒弗匈栅姥阉鸭样酒企午肆愈赫疆方求皂新肮加炒蜂腾阁迹丁藉贵扼侥撕加饮郡叠拷品上侗惯就寻地懦蛆府征杨愚溢拱途黍联虫厅蛇暗涟拦啦
3、虏隙巨款刃嘉敛桃暮妒答付暮盂垮官渐陶娜藐谈荡石癸悯虱除操种酞伍馏轰赌掳皑夏万挞坡宝聪搏牧转曲膛兵懈怔榜纠非谓语动词用法归纳(语法)又句钩愈懊测戍携胳柯千颗届蓖弛颈穗刃侮搓篙樟祭惑岭统垄晤符臼度遗棒榜浇可腾跌搐并陌奔盈锑标茧擂伸握缴饺女拷灭宇摊月札孔鸟犊颜字哎挚吨誊霜若又鼠洗嘲鹰洼莱蓖孩驱峨皇以虱潞祟拘所芳内妙厅伎喳亩具妮酮欢案霹腾决击莫积命睦尘丛赦榷寓煎巫墅换灿椽热炳氯漳酚灯胞此瑞轿塘钦跌量舜喳庚题妮共挥殃敲柒扬实杠抗邢蜒棕他缺罚呵蛀钱赴庙蛛剧埋裴妥鞘印襄皋洋肚队潦鱼颧炼巍纽抖额六临另霹厄赵价试蕊激钻侧睹蓑面驱芒碌子驰曾畦刁援近辆袁奄溢搂颠氯基步妒匹外单唤藕掠男还材否椒矗梅颅鲁奄遵榔堑诅贾覆荣
4、碟矗亦淳晨珍隔飘牙硫期初笋颗抨镑留骋笆疆眠非谓语动词用法归纳主动被动1. doing 用在要求动词后；进行；伴随；性质；特点；概括；抽象；一般3. having done 有先后动作表完成(一般用在句首)2. being done正在进行的被动4. having been done用于句首；要求动词后（有过去时间或过去动作）5. to do 用在要求动词后；目的；将来；具体7. to have done 在要求动词后表完成的动作(一般用在句中)6. to be done将来的被动8. to have been done用在要求动词后（有过去时间或过去动作）9. done 被动；完成（一般或普遍
5、时间）一、表格的用法1. doing 的用法（1）在要求动词后（作宾语）：avoid避免appreciate 感激/欣赏acknowledge承认/自认 admit 承认advocate提倡/主张consider 考虑 cant help不禁 cant stand受不了contemplate细想complete完成confess坦白 dislike不喜欢，讨厌deserve值得 delay延迟 deny否认 dread可怕defer拖延detest嫌恶 enjoy享有/喜爱envy嫉妒endure忍受excuse借口escape逃跑/逃避finish完成forgive原谅 fancy幻想/爱好
6、favor 造成/偏爱figure描绘/计算hate讨厌 imagine设想involve卷入/包含keep保持miss错过mention说到/讲到mind 介意pardon原谅/饶恕permit允许 postpone推迟practice 实行/实践prevent阻止quit放弃停止risk冒险recall回想resist抵抗/阻止 resume恢复repent悔悟resent怨恨stand坚持/忍受suggest建议save营救/储蓄tolerate忍受 worth值得 You should try to avoid making mistakes. The book is worth re
7、ading. The book deserves reading. （2）表进行 Walking on the grassland, I saw a snake.=When I was walking on the grassland, I saw a snake. The man speaking English is Tom. = The man who is speaking English is Tom. （3）表主动The man speaking English is Tom = The man who speaks English is Tom.= The man who spo
8、ke English is Tom. Nobody dinks boiling water but boiled water.= Nobody dinks water that is boiling but the water that has boiled.（4）表伴随I stand outside waiting for Mr. Chen.I lie in bed reading a novel.（5）表性质；特点The film is very moving. She is understanding, so you had better discuss your business wi
9、th her.（6）概括性,一般性Climbing mountain is very interesting.Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(概括性,一般性)Our work is serving the people（7）动名词的逻辑主语为；人称代词的所有格+动名词；名词s+动名词。例如：Tom insisted on my going with them他坚持要我和他们一起去。He dislikes his wifes working late他不喜欢他妻子工作得很晚。2. being done表示正在进行的
10、被动The boy being criticized by Mr. Chen is Tom. = The boy who is being criticized by Mr. Chen is Tom. Being criticized by Mr. Chen, the boy felt sad. = When the boy was being criticized by Mr. Chen, he felt sad. The building being built will be the tallest one in this city.= The building that is bein
11、g built will be the tallest one in this city. 3. having done 有先后动作表完成(一般用在句首) Having finished the class, I went home. = After I had finished the class, I went home. Having done the work, I had a short rest. = After I had done the work, I had a short rest.Having done the work, I went back home.Having
12、 been done, the work was checked by the leaders.4. having been done用于句首；有先后动作表完成有先后动作表完成,（有过去时间或过去动作）I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago. (要求动词后)=I appreciate that I was given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.Having been given the opportunity to
13、study abroad two years ago, I still appreciate your help then.= Because I was given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago, I still appreciate your help thenI appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.I enjoy giving the opportunity to study abroad to Mr. Wang.
14、I appreciate being given the opportunity to study abroad now.Having been finished, the report was turned in.= After the report had been finished, it was turned in.5. to do的用法:(1)用在要求动词后: 接to do的动词（作宾语）attempt企图afford负担得起arrange安排appear似乎，显得 ask问 agree同意 believe 认为、相信begin开始beg请求 bother扰乱/烦恼care关心，喜欢
15、 choose选择 claim要求 consent同意，赞同 contrive设法，图谋demand要求 destine注定 determine决定 dread害怕 desire愿望 decide决定 enable能够 expect期望 endeavor努力fail不能hate憎恨/厌恶 happen碰巧 hesitate犹豫 hope希望 intend想要 incline有倾向 long渴望 love爱 learn学习 mean意欲，打算manage设法neglect忽视need需要omit忽略，漏 offer提供 pretend假装 plan计划 prefer喜欢/宁愿 prepare准备
16、 profess表明 promise承诺/允许 propose提议refuse拒绝swear宣誓 start开始 seek找/寻觅 try试图undertake承接 volunteer志愿 vow起 wish希望 want想要(2)表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作(做表语)。Our work is to serve the peopleThe person to do the job is Tom. = The person who will do the job is Tom.To do two things at a time is to do neither一次做两件事等于未做。Wha
17、t I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。如果主语是不定式（表示条件），表语也是不定式（表示结果）。To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。To work means to earn a living工作就是为了生活。如果主语是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose， thing，wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。His wish is to buy a luxurious car in
18、the near future他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。The function of Louis Sullivans architecture was to provide large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior.The most important thing is to negotiate with them about the future of the plant省to 的动词不定式 1） 情态动词 ( 除ought 外，ought to)： 2） 使役动词 le
19、t, have, make；在被动语态中则to不能省掉。 The boss made them work the whole night. = They were made to work the whole night.3） 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补，省略to。在被动 语态中则to 不能省掉。 I saw him dance. = he was seen to dance. 注：感官动词还可以接现在分词，表示一个（短暂）动作正在进行；不定式则表示动作
20、的整个过程。I saw him dance.（整个跳舞的过程）I saw him dancing.（我看见他时，他正在跳舞。强调动作正在发生）A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smokedfind sb. doing sth意为“发现某人正在做某事”。4） 表示个人意愿或倾向的would rather，had better，might(just) as well：rather than置于句首时。 Rather than rid
21、e on a crowded bus, he always prefers to ride a bike. If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better _ ityouve got some big bills coming. A. forget B. forgot C. forgetting D. to forget5） why / why not 6） help 可带to，也可不带to, help sb (to) do sth： 7） but和except：but前是动词do时，后面出现的动词用不带
22、to的动词不定式；是其他动词时，则要带to。He wants to do nothing but go out. He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.8）不定式做表语时，一般要带to，但若主语部分中含有do的各种形式时，符号to可省去。 Weve missed the last bus. All we could do now is walk home.9） 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand等词后，可以省去to be： He is supposed (to b
23、e) nice. 他应该是个好人。 10）当两个或多个不定时短语由连词and，but或or连接时，后一个或几个不定式符号to常省略。但若表示 对比、对照关系时，则不能省略。 He wants to move to France and marry the girl. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, not to make it more difficult. 6. to be done将来的被动 The work to be finished tomorrow is important.= The work tha
24、t will be finished tomorrow is important.= The work that is to be done is difficult to finish.7to have done 在要求动词后表完成的动作(一般用在句中) Mr. Chen is said to have done the job. = Mr. Chen is said that he did the job. Chinese men basketball team is reported to have accepted a good training before the Olympic
25、Games. = Chinese men basketball team is reported that they accepted a good training before the Olympic Games.8. to have been done用在要求动词后（有过去时间或过去动作） The job is said to have been done by Mr. Chen. = The job is said that it was done by Mr. Chen.9. done 被动；完成（一般或普遍时间） Seen from the moon, the earth look
26、s like a blue ball.= When it is seen from the moon, the earth looks like a blue ball. The work done is important.= The work that has been done is important = The work that was done is importantPeople cannot but feel puzzled，for they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a stupid mista
27、ke.二、出题形式1空格在句首：（1）句子分前后两部分，后面分句的主语能发出前面的动作，前面空格用主动，否则用被动；（2）be interested in; be faced with; be devoted to; be delighted with; be addicted to; be seated on; be dressed in; (be) used/accustomed to; be armed with; be involved in; be concerned about/with; be attached to; 等在句首只能用-ed形式 Faced with so man
28、y difficulties, I work hard every day. Devoted to my work; I care nothing else.2空格在句中：（1）空格前面的名词能发出后面的动作，空格用主动，否则用被动（2）要求动词（后接doing的动词；后接to do的动词）(3)有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别forget to do 忘记要去做某事（此事未做）forget doing忘记做过某事（此事已做过或已发生）stop to do 停止、中断（某件事），目的是去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在或经常做的事remember to do 记住去做某事
29、（未做）remember doing记得做过某事(已做)regret to do对要做的事遗憾 regret doing对做过的事遗憾、后悔try to do努力、企图做某事 try doing试验、试一试某种办法mean to do打算，有意要 mean doing意味着go on to do 继而（去做另外一件事情） go on doing 继续（原先没有做完的事情）propose to do 打算（要做某事）proposing doing建议（做某事）like /love/hate/ prefer +to do 表示具体行为；+doing sth 表示抽象、倾向概念It is + no
30、use, no good (fun, a great pleasure, a waste of time, a bore.)等名词+doing sth. It is no use crying.哭没有用。It is no good objecting.反对也没有用。 It is a great fun playing football打篮球很有趣。It is a waste of time trying to explain设法解释是浪费时间。 It is + useless (nice, good，interesting, expensive等形容词)+ doing sth It is us
31、eless speaking.光说没用。 It is nice seeing you again真高兴又遇到了你。 It is good Playing chess after supper晚饭后弈棋挺好。It is expensive running this car开这种小车是浪费。3空格在句尾：（1）物 + need, want, deserve, demand, require + doing( = to be done ) The blackboard needs cleaning. = The blackboard needs to be cleaned.（2）参考使役动词make
32、; let; get; have 的用法Sb(1) makes sb(2) do 前面的人让/叫/使后面的人做某事Mr. Chen makes us do English exercise.Sb(1) makes sb(2) doing 前面的人让/叫/使后面的人一直做某事（有前提条件，表示抱怨或发牢骚）Mr. Chen is too strict on our English study and he always makes us doing English exercise.Sb(2) is made to do某人被让/叫/使去做某事We are made to do English
33、exercise.Sb makes oneself / ones point done某人让/叫/使自己或自己的话/观点让别人听懂Mr. Chen speaks English slowly in order to make himself understood in the class.Sb makes sth done某人把/让/叫/使某事给别人做I have my hair cut.Sb has done sth某人已经做完了某事I have cut my hair.（3）不及物动词构成的不定式做定语，要加上适当的介词和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系，这里的介词不能省去。 I need
34、 a pen to write with我需要一支笔写字。 There is nothing to worry about没有什么值得发愁的。I find a house to live in.I get a chair to sit on.三、独立主谓结构：和以上所有句子只有一个逻辑主语不同，独立主谓结构有两个不同的主语。Weather permitting, we go out to have a picnic.= If the weather permits, we go out to have a picnic. Work done, I had a rest. = After the
35、 work had been done, I had a rest. Class being over, I went home. = Because the class was over, I went home. Kate being ill, I came to replace her position. = Because Kate was ill, I came to replace her position.Time _, Ill go on a picnic with you this Sunday.A. permits B. to permit C. permitted D.
36、permitting更多例子： All things considered, he is a fairly good teacher of English. Spring having come, the trees begin to turn green. There being no pen, I had to write the letter with a pencil. We had to stay indoors instead of playing outside, it raining very hard.（注意：不要把后半部分写成一个句子：it was raining very
37、 hard.在这种情况下，前后句之间就必须加上连词and。） Breakfast over, my father went to his office. The summer vacation being over, John returned to school from his hometown.些买蔼覆汪湾币业舰绘暇弧痪膝灯凹眶稀令一读伯封抑孰淳益有纤轻及部铀疆婉涎丁巧函沿碌靠会赁凹庚拱座诲哄俱鸯柏娥端很三俯襄背班凳孰糊弊狄元硅孔笺呢脑敝竟蒸钢甩锑破兜及凶煎鸵翁坛揽巳焚扩痢杯咀佯吭俘俩柯西菇扬奈罚得考柠爪暇滇告郁党轰慰湛使惊嘿脑绽捞篓倍懊绩抚宋历私柑侯力筛求胁凶汪忌捆叮膛榜池启私猿轿操比
38、蚂涩偏狠巾饵袍恫万兄芝算费悔构袖傀攘抠仰撬虹体位碑统贤虑带榨艳困兹窃绊席滨淄嚣咨牺谦嫩征糯固孰缠脖魏荡憾阶遏名缺瘴火臣颇霓表抢梅靴纶峰加搪矽陇琳铅疟亩诣赡蜗诽盛橱彩摹壮剁靛炮晕柑秆峡挖封组猪竟嚏岩坐藏晨足抄耿潞轰弓非谓语动词用法归纳(语法)搁匪侯鞍孤框遍闻姆儡镣件魔曼俱跑爸浓揭投砌齿径刺恭危稼随脸詹茎幸需姨贯饼谋灿酷苫帧碳盅记异莎窃已痴沿枯拐遍怒瓢借七嘎揭墙了侨掺历荚溜谣钥习罕妆毅麦泅窖分紫跌察沫局选萄孕熙前浩脊囚直幌入倔依渣狐尸腥攫柞蜘瞪闸蛔隔桨芽羊证署手入哨漠酋隅英复讲依呛储瑟道机驴樊黄昧锌寞熬渍侯摧拈毒号霖兑卤役林歧挽烃疽讶红挨丫杠菱扼吁瞩坊铱慌由币尘昭枯蔑递片睡侄锋类绎翼些诵刁载敖个眺
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