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1、定语从句复习考点与难点归纳：1.关系代词与关系副词; 2. 只用that与不用that; 考点 3.对the way的考查; 4.介词+关系词; 5.as的使用难点 6.对where的考查 7.综合考查用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句一、基础知识回顾：指出下列句中的先行词，关系词 1. The teachers who are present at our class are all experienced teachers.2. Our class is a big family which consists of 12 gir
2、ls and 50 boys.3. Yao Hui is the boy whose English study is very good in our class.4. The school where we are studying is very famous.5. As we all know, our school is 50 years old.n 关系词的作用：1：连接先行词与从句； 2：替代先行词在从句中的位置； 3：充当从句的成分*判断关系词在定语从句中做什么成分？1.The man who/that came to our school is Mr. Wang. 2.The
3、 girl (whom/that/who) I met is Lucy. 3. He lives in the room whose door/the door of which is green. 4.I like the person to whom you just talked.5. Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.7. We shall never forget the days when we lived together.8.This is the house where he lived last year.9.
4、 Can you tell me the reason why you are late for school.关系代词的用法指代所作成分是否可省略that人或者物主语；宾语; 表语作宾语省略which物主语；宾语作宾语省略who人主语; 宾语 作宾语省略whom人宾语作宾语省略whose人或物定语(1) The boys _are playing football are from Class One.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man _lost his way. (3)Children_ eat a lot of sugar often have bad
5、teeth.(4) Mr. Liu is the person _you talked about on the bus. (5) Mr. Ling is just the boy _ I want to see. (6) Football is a game_ is liked by most boys. (7) This is the pen _ he bought yesterday. *Whose 既可以指人，又可指物，在定语从句中做定语,表示 “人的”“物的”(1) The room _ window faces south is mine.窗户朝南的那个房间是我的。(2) I on
6、ce lived in a house _ roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在屋顶倒塌的一个房子里。whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替：可用of which代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词 = the+名词+of which，或= of which + the + 名词。The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. = The classroom _is broken will soon be repaired. = The classroom _ is broken will soon be repa
7、ired(4) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? =Do you like the book _is yellow? =Do you like the book _ is yellow? 关系副词的用法指代所作成分是否可省略When时间时间状语不省where地点地点状语不省why原因原因状语不省如何确定关系代词与副词？ *.There is no dictionary_you can find . A.that B.which C.where D.in that *.There is no dictionary_you can find e
8、verything. A.that B.which C.where D.in that确定关系词的步骤： 一先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。 二看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。 三看介词在何处。 四看是否属特殊。练习: 1.A.Pisa is a city, _ has a leaning tower. B.Pisa is a city,_there is a leaning tower. a.which b.that c.where d.there2.A.This is the place_we visited last year. B.This is the place_we worked
9、last year. a.which b.where c. in that d.there3.A.The news_he told us was very exciting. B.He has brought us the news_our team has won the game. a.what b.as c.that d.where4.It is in a box_I have hidden my money. Well go_we are needed. a.that b.in which c.where d.in it考点1：关系代词与关系副词填入适当的关系代词或副词并说明理由。1.
10、The man_ came to our school is Mr. Wang. 2.The girl _ I met is Lucy. 3. He lives in the room _ is green. 4.I like the picture _you just talked about.5. We shall never forget the days_we lived together.6.This is the house _he lived last year.7. Can you tell me the reason_you are late for school.先行词是地
11、点名词1. This is the factory _ he worked last year. This is the factory _ he visited last year.2.On graduation he asked to be sent to the place _ he was needed 先行词是reason 1. The reason _ he didnt attend the meeting was that he was ill.2.The reason _she was/fell illwas that she ate something that had go
12、ne bad.3.Can you tell me the reason_ you didnt finish your homework?4.I dont believe the reason _ he gave me. 5.Have you asked him the reason _may explain his success? 先行词为时间名词1.Ill never forget the days _ I stayed in the countryside. Ill never forget the days _ gave me much happiness.2. I still rem
13、ember the day _ my brother joined the army. I still remember the days _we spent together. 考点2：只用that 与 不用that1) This is the most interesting story _I have ever heard.The first meeting _ we will take part in will be held in the afternoon.2) Here is something _I will tell you. Not all _ glitters（闪烁） i
14、s gold. We havent got much _we can offer you. 3) I can remember well the persons and some pictures _ I saw. They talked about the teachers and schools _ they had visited.4) Are there any questions _ trouble you much? The only thing _ she could do was to go to the police for help.5) Which is the bike
15、 _ you lost? Who is the woman _ was praised at the meeting?6) Tom isnt the boy _he used to be. Shanghai is no longer the city _ it used to be。7) There is a book on the desk _ Im very interested in. 只使用that应遵循的规则：1: 先行词（从句所修饰的词）被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时,只能用that引导从句.2：先行词是all, something, nothing, anything，everyt
16、hing, little, few，much, none , any, some等不定代词时,只能用that.3: 先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that引出从句4:先行词被all ,every, any,no ,one of, the only, the very, the right , last, just 等修饰，用that。5：当主句已有疑问词 who或which时，关系词用that6: 当关系代词在定语从句中作to be 表语时,先行词无论指人还是物，关系词用that。7. 在there be结构中，当先行词指物时，关系词用that不用that的情况1.在非限制性定语从句中，只能用w
17、hich指代物，用who/whom指人2.在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人:介词+which（指物），介词+ Whom（指人）3.先行词后有插入语时 4.先行词为those, one, he, anyone someone ,everyone,时多用who Examples1.It is the very book that I want to read.2. The school is quite different from the one that it used to be.3. Who is the woman that is giving
18、us the class?4. Here is the CD which, as I have told you, is of great help to you.5. This is the pen with which I wrote the letter.对比两句子：This is the house which/that we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。限定性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间不用
19、逗号隔开引导词：关系代词和关系副词，作宾语时一些关系代词可以省略非限定性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，没有这种从句不影响主句意思完整.一般用逗号把主句和从句分开引导词：who,whom,whose,which,of which,when,where等，不用that,不能省略定语从句解题方法: 关系词的选择1. 先看先行词，确定人或物2. 分析定语从句中的句子成分3. 确定关系代词的人称和数4. 注意that和which的特殊情况【特别提示】：关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。如：1.Those who are against the plan put
20、up your hands.2.Tom is one of the students who were praised by the teacher yesterday.3.Tom is the only one of the students who was praised by the teacher yesterday.Correct the sentences:1. Im using the pen which he bought it yesterday.2. The man whom I spoke is from Canada.3. July 1,1999 is the day
21、when well never forget.4. Im going to work in the hospital where needs me.5. Those that havent been to the West Lake will gather at the school gate.6.This is the last time when Ive given you lessons.7. The reason which he explained it sounds reasonable.考点3：the way用做先行词填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.The way _he exp
22、lained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _he explained to us was quite simple.1.This is the way _I do such things.2.The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 3.I dont like the way _you speak to her.4.The way _ he explained to us was quite s
23、imple.5.Please do the experiment in the way _ I have shown you. 考点4：介词+关系词1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配This is the book_ which you askedThe old man whom I am looking after is better .2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配This is our classroom
24、, _ which there is a teachers desk.Practise：1.They held a meeting,_which the hospitaldirector made a speech.2.The book,_which he paid 6 yuan,is worthreading.3.Is this the man_whose house the police foundthe lost coloured TV?4.The villagers dug along tunnel_which theycould go to the fields without be
25、ing found by theJapanese soldiers.5.Wu Dong,_whom I went to the concert,enjoyed it very much.6.The stories about Long March,_which thisis one example,are well written.7.The speed_which you drive your car mustnt be too high.8.In the park there are many flowers,the colour_which is bright and nice.9.Th
26、e little girl is reading a book,_which there are many pictures.10.What were the things_which he was not too sure?Many/ most/ neither/ none/both / the majority / two thirds of which / whomToday two people came to see the house, neither of whom wanted to buy it.This factory produces thousands of cars
27、every year, two thirds of which are sold abroad.名（代）词+介+关系代词（一般做主语) all, both, none ,neither ,either, many, most, few, several, enough, half, some, anyHere are two pairs of socks, either of which you may choose.数量词（基数词，序数词，百分比，分数）或形容词最高级+of +关系代词one, two, three, the majority, a number, the youngest,
28、 The football team has 15 members ,the oldest of whom is 25 years old.单个介词+关系代词(whom, which)1）依从句中的动词,形容词,名词与介词的固定搭配而定2）短语动词一般不能拆开listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care ofThere was no people in the street to whom she could turn for help.The babies (who/whom) the nurses look after
29、 look strong and happy.单个介词+关系代词(which, whose)+名词He lived in London for three months, during which time he learned some English.Our English teacher, with whose help we have made great progress in English, has completed thirty years of teaching.复杂介词+关系代词(which, whom, whose)as a result, at the back of
30、 ,because of, in front of, in the middle of, at the bottom of, on the top of, at the foot ofThere is a great pain in my right foot, because of which I can only limp along. the+名词+of+关系代词(which, whom)This is the book the cover of which is designed by Mr Jones.=This is the book, whose cover is designe
31、d by Mr Jones.难点一：as的用法asthatwhich1. It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift.2. It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift it.3. _ is known to all, he is the best student.=_is known to all is that he is the best student4. Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybody in the office. 思考：as引导限制性定语从
32、句先行词前常被such, the same, so, as 修饰，即构成suchas , the same as, soas, 结构，做题时容易忽略。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。as与which引导的定语从句 一、位置不同。e.g. As we all know, the earth is round. The air quality in the city, as is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months. After graduating from college, I took some
33、 time off to go travelling, which turned out to be a wise decision. 总结：As引导的从句，可位于句首，句中或句末；而which引导从句指代前面整句话的内容，只能位于句末。二、指代语义不同。当从句和主句语义一致时，用as（正如，正像），反之则用which（这一点）。E.g.She has married again, as was expected. She has married again, which was unexpected.三、搭配不同。 as is known /said /reported /shown/exp
34、ected, as is often the case, as I remember等，而一般which+v.+宾+宾补 。e.g. She has been late again, as was expected.om has made great progress, which made us happy.1.the sameas中 ，as引导定从，侧重方式“如同 一样”the samethat中，that引导定从，侧重指“同一个人/物”1) Thats the same tool as I used last week.（同类工具，不是同一把） Thats the same tool t
35、hat I used last week.那就是我上周用过的工具。2) This is the same bag as I lost yesterday.这跟我昨天丢的包一样 This is the same bag that I lost yesterday. 这正是我昨天丢的包一样2. such/so as像一样/那种，as引导在定从，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语Such/so that引导结果状语， that在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用。 Our maths teacher set so difficult a problem as none of us worked out. Our
36、maths teacher set so difficult a problem that none of us worked it out.eg: It is such a big stone as no one can lift.它是这样一块没有人抬得动的大石头。It is such a big stone that no one can lift it.这是一块如此大的石头，以致于没有人抬得动它。He is such a lazy man that nobody wants to work with him.他太懒了，没人愿意和他一起做事。（结果状）He is such a lazy m
37、an as nobody wants to work with. 他是一个没人愿意和他一起做事的懒人。（as是关系代词，作work with宾语，故后不需him）模拟训练1. He is such a lazy man_ nobody wants to work with_. A. as; him B. that; / C. as; / D. whom; him2. Mrs. Black took the police back to_ place _ she witnessed the robbery. A. the same; as B. the same; whereC. the sam
38、e ; that D. as the same; as1.（2010湖北）_ many times, serve people is our first policy.(stress) 正如我们强调过很多次的那样，“为人民服务”是我们的首要方针。2. The explorer took only such men and things _ into the jungle.(need) 探险家只带那些他真正需要的人和东西去丛林。3.He was late,_.（as）他又象往常一样迟到.4. _in my last leter,we can make our dreams come true b
39、y working hard.(mention)正如我在上封信里提到的，我们可以通过努力学习来实现梦想。5._ ,Einstein was a most distinguished scientist of the 20th century.(acknowledge) 爱因斯坦是20世纪的一个非常杰出的科学家，这一点已经得到公认。难点二：一些特殊词之后的wherewhere引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。1. Ive come to the point where I cant stand him.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。2. The country i
40、s in the situation where a war will break out at any time.国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。解析：如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation, part, condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中” 。1.We are trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk. （06山东） A. which B. that C. where D. when2. -Do you h
41、ave anything to say for yourself?-Yes, there is one point_ you must insist on. A. why B. where C. how D. /模拟训练1.0 is the freezing point _.(turn)零度是水变成冰的冰点。2. I think this is a stage _. In fact I think it is beneficial to the industry.(go)我认为这是市场必须要经历的一个阶段，实际上我认为这是有利于这个行业的。难点三.综合考查近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强
42、调句、名词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。综合考查一：定语从句与强调句 wherethat1.It is the library _I borrowed the book.2.It was from this library _I borrowed the book. 3. -Where did you last see Mr. Smith? -It was in the hotel_ I lived. A. that B. which C. where D. when综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句that/which1. We all have heard the news_ our team won.2. We dont believe the news _ he told u