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1、考研英语翻译解题核心策略文本文档（English translation, core strategy, text document）Core strategies in English Translation: split and compositionTranslation activity itself is a complex process of mental thinking, and any interpreter will find it difficult to translate. A Li, hesitated from that is to find a suitabl
2、e words to translate, often need to spend several months. Time limit and tension in the examination of postgraduate English translation is not up to us to the words in a leisurely manner. In the three links of translation comprehension, expression and proofreading, the most obvious problem for begin
3、ners to translate is that it is not easy to understand English, and to express it in Chinese is not easy. How to understand and express it has become a serious problem for most candidates who feel that their basic knowledge of English is scarce. Here, the author proposes a more relaxed, easier to ma
4、ster and more practical strategy for the translation of postgraduate exams - split and combination. It allows the majority of candidates in the limited English basic knowledge, break through the postgraduate examination translation, get the ideal score.First, understand the English text, and split t
5、he grammatical structureAs mentioned above, in the basic process of translation, the understanding of the English text is the premise of our translation. A French Translator once said, translation is understanding and understanding (Traduire, C, EST, comprendre, comprendre, et, faire, etc). To put i
6、t more simply, you must understand the English text before you start translating. Understanding the source text is the first step in the whole translation process. This is the most critical and easiest step. Many candidates found the vague, their language is unknown listless place in the review, it
7、is not a thorough understanding of the original place. In the test paper, most of the translation errors are due to the examinees understanding of errors. Without proper understanding, the candidate does not convey the meaning of the original text, thus distorting the meaning of the original text, r
8、esulting in a serious deduction, or even scoring.Because the English language has the characteristics of hypotaxis, that is to say, no matter how complex the English sentences are, they are connected by some grammatical means and logical means. Therefore, in understanding English sentences, understa
9、nding and splitting the grammatical structure and logical structure of sentences naturally become the breakthrough point for us to solve problems. All the sentences in the translation are basically long and difficult sentences with complex structure. It is very important to sort out the sentence str
10、ucture. Before you translate a sentence, read through the whole sentence first and pay attention to the grammatical structure of the sentence as you read it.How to split it? Some students think that their basic knowledge of English is poor, and they do not understand the grammatical structure of Eng
11、lish sentences very well. It doesnt matter! Because English grammar and logical structure is obvious, in the understanding of English, we can put the main clause and subordinate clause split out, or the main part and the modified part of the split out.To be more specific, you can look for some of th
12、e following signal words to split English sentences, and then more effectively understand the English text:1. basic principles: the main clause and subordinate clause split out, the main part and the modified part of the split out.2. conjunctions: such as and, or, but, yet, for and other conjunction
13、s connecting parallel sentences; and connecting adverbial clause connectives, such as: when, as, since, until, before, after, where, because, since, thought, although, so, that,. And so on; it became split point understanding of English sentences.3. words: noun clauses such as connection of who, who
14、m, whose, what, which, whatever, whichever and where, relative pronouns when, how, why and other adverbs; and connecting the attributive clause relative pronouns, such as who, which, that, whom, whose and so on; they also understand English split point sentence.4. prepositions: prepositions such as
15、on, in, with, at, of, to often lead prepositional phrases to be modified, so they are also the separation points for understanding English sentences.5. infinitive symbol to: Infinitive often forms infinitive phrase as attributive or adverbial modifier, so it can be split point.6. participle: past pa
16、rticiple and present participle can form participle phrase as modifier, so it can be split point.7. punctuation: punctuation often breaks the main and decorative parts of a sentence. It is also a distinct separation point.The above-mentioned signal words are just the places where we may break senten
17、ces when we split the English text, but it is not absolute. They help us to understand the sentence structure and to understand the English text better. However, in the process of splitting long sentences, it is better not to separate them,The whole English sentence can be broken up without restrict
18、ion.Such as:1 cases of Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena. (35 Ci, 2003 62)Split sentences:() the main
19、sentences of the sentence are: Social, science, is, that, branch, of, intellectual, enquiry.2) attributive clause: which is followed by an attributive clause whose antecedent is social science.3) way adverbial: in, the, same, reasoned, orderly, systematic, and, dispassioned, manner is the way adverb
20、ial, in which the reasoned, orderly, systematic, manner, and, dispassioned are juxtaposed attributes, modified.() attributive clause: that, natural, scientists, use, for, the, study, of, natural, phenomena are attributive clauses, and the antecedent is manner.5) the total structure of the sentence a
21、fter splitting is:Social, science, is, that, branch, of, intellectual, enquiry, which, seeks, to, study, humans, andIn 1, the 2 clause attributive clauseTheir, endeavors, in, the, same, reasoned, orderly, systematic, and, dispassioned, manner3 way adverbialThat, natural, scientists, use, for, the, s
22、tudy, of, phenomena., natural4 attributive clauseIf we divide the words, in the face of my English exam, we can not only quickly disconnect the sentence structure; but also the coincidence of translation test. Because every year in marking examination papers when the score is above the results we sp
23、lit.Example 2, Television, is, one, of, the, means, by, which, these, feelings, are, created, and, and, conveyed -1, 2Perhaps, never, before, has, it, so, much, to, connect, served, different, peoples, and, nations, as, in, theIn 3Recent, events, in, Europe. (36, words, 2005 61)In 4Resolution:1, the
24、 whole sentence is the two coordinate sentence broken by dash. The first coordinate sentence is Television is one of the means.2which leads an attributive clause.3and connects second coordinate sentences.4As connects adverbials in second coordinate sentences.Two, change the order of the original tex
25、t, and combine Chinese TranslationWhen a sentence is split, there must be a question of how to arrange each clause or sentence. In order not to distort or weaken the logical relation between the original sentence components, but also to take care of Chinese thought and expression habits, after the s
26、plit of clauses or sentences must often disrupt the original English sentence order, and then re combination. How to change the order of the original text, should be arranged according to Chinese habits, but there are certain rules that can be followed. For instance：Prompt：1. in English, the attribu
27、tive clause is always behind the modified noun, whereas in Chinese the attributive is usually before the modified noun;2. if the English attributive clause is too complex, the translation of attributive in the modified terms before the sentence is not smooth, then you can put the attributive clause
28、behind the modified terms to translate a sentence, become independent;3. a short adverbial can be placed before the modified verb;4. complex adverbial clauses can be arranged at the front or back of the whole sentence trunk;5. there are many passive sentences used in English, but there are many acti
29、ve sentences used in Chinese. Therefore, when we translate, we can use the word Bei instead of Bei or translate into active sentence.In this way, you can combine the two sentences above:In 1 cases() Social, science, is, that, branch, of, intellectual, enquiry, social science is a branch of knowledge
30、 discovery.;2) which, seeks, to, study, humans, and, their, endeavors, attributive clauses are more complex and can be placed behind the modified antecedent. It attempts to study human beings and their behavior.;3) in, the, same, reasoned, orderly, systematic, and, dispassioned, manner, way adverbia
31、l, if placed in the original order behind the verb, not too smooth,It can be put behind the verb try and translated as it tries to be in one kind. The way to study human beings and their behavior;() that, natural, scientists, use, for, the, study, of, natural, phenomena., attributive clauses are pla
32、ced directly before the modified word way. Natural scientists use it in the way of natural phenomena.;5) in this way, the whole sentence can be combined into an accurate and fluent translation:Social science is a branch of intellectual enquiry that tries to study human beings and their behavior in a
33、 rational, orderly, systematic, and dispassionate manner, used by natural scientists to study natural phenomena.In 2 cases(hint: first think about how to combine smoothly, and translate this sentence well. )Reference translation:Television is one of the means of triggering and conveying these feelin
34、gs - television may never have played such a big role in recent European affairs as far as contact with different nationalities and countries has been concerned.Or can be translated as: television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed - as in the recent events in Europ
35、e, the different nationalities and countries together, the role of hitherto unknown.From the above analysis, we can clearly see the whole thinking and process of the translation of postgraduate exams - split and combination. But need to pay attention, we should grasp the premise is: split sentence is to better understand English, based on the understanding of English sentences, and then each part of the split out according to Chinese customs organized together, become accurate, smooth and complete translation.