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1、谓语和非谓语动词,高三英语总复习 语法填空专题训练课件：,2010-2014广东卷动词考点,Post-task：我爱广东卷,总结,1 谓语动词,高三英语总复习 语法填空专题训练课件：,谓语动词的时态和语态是广东高考语法填空中 的必考点每年至少考1题。究竟考些什么内容？ 现将考点简述如下： 时态 时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式，表示动作发 生的时间和所处的状态。英语中的时态是通过动 词形式本身的变化来实现的。英语中常用的时态 有16种，但高考考试说明中规定要掌握的有10种：,do/does,did,willshall do,would do,am/is/are doing,waswere doin
2、g,willshall be doing,havehas done,had done,hashave been doing,注： (1)表示将来还有多种形式，如：“be going to do ”; “be to do ”; “ be about to do”等。在飞机、火车等时刻表中规定的事情，或在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来；表示计划好的活动，还常用现在进行时表示。 (2)现在进行时与always，continually，constantly等连用，表示说话人的某种情感，如赞扬，遗憾，讨厌或不满等。如： He is always helping others.他总是
3、帮助别人。(赞扬),2. 语态 A: 语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。 B: 主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。 C: 被动语态由“be+过去分词”构成，不同时态的被动语态的形式由be来体现，如一般过去时的被动语态就是“was/were+过去分词”，一般将来时的被动语态就是“will be +过去分词”。 常见时态的被动语态见下页,do/does,did,willshall do,would do,amis are done,waswere done,willshall be done,would be done,amisare being done,waswere
4、being done,havehas been done,had been done,Exercise 1: 慧眼识别“时态”和“语态” 1 Many buildings in the city need repairing. 2 Electricity is used to run machines. 3 The construction of the new lab will be completed by the end of next month. 4 The truck was cleaned yesterday. 5 People dont play football here.
5、6 I was about to leave when he came in. 7 All the work had been finished before last weekend. 8 I will be doing my research between 7:00-9:00 tomorrow morning. 9 What did you buy yesterday? 10 When will you go there to take a photo? 11 The great news is so exciting that I cant help shouting.,现在，主动,现
6、在，被动,将来，被动,过去，被动,现在，主动,过去，主动,过去完成，被动,将来进行，主动,过去，主动,将来，主动,现在，主动,Exercise 2: 用所谓动词的正确形式填空 1. If their marketing plans succeed, they _ (increase) their sales by 20 percent. 2. Population experts predict that most people _ (live) in cities in the near future. 3. I called Hnnah many times yesterday eveni
7、ng, but I couldnt get through. Her brother _ (talk) on the phone all the time! . 4. The hotel wasnt particularly good. But I _ (stay) in many worse hotels . 5. We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we _ (know) each other for years.,will increase,will live,was talking,had sta
8、yed,had known,Exercise 2: 用所谓动词的正确形式填空 6. Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. Because he _ (prepare) for it for months. . 7. Every boy and girl in the area _ (invite) to participate in the party last night. 8. It was raining cats and dogs when I _ (arrive). 9. He said the project _
9、 (finish) the next day . 10. Hardly had I turned on the TV when it _ (begin) to thunder loudly. 11. He _ (work) on the program for several days.,has been preparing has prepared,were invited,arrived,would be finished,began,has been working,12. Suddenly, he_ (find) that he had run out of salt. 13. He
10、walked in as if he _ (buy) the school. And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City. York City. 14. I noticed a man sitting at the front. He_ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. 15. After a four-day journey, the young man_ (present) the water to the old man.
11、16. People stepped on your feet or_ (push) you with their elbows (肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain. 17. Being too anxious to help an event develop often _ (result) in the contrary to our intention.,found,had bought,was pretending,presented,pushed,results,2 非谓语,高三英语总复习 语法填空专题训练课件：,非谓语动词几乎是语法填空
12、的必考考点。不仅如此，掌握非谓语动词的基本用法，对增强书面表达的文采和提高阅读理解能力都有明显的作用。 首先，我们回顾一下非谓语动词的相关知识：,一、定义 非谓语动词就是不能作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能的 动词。 二、内容 非谓语动词包括三种：doing, done, to do 三、形式（见下表） 四、功能（见下表）,动词不定式,V-ed,to be done,to have been done,being done,having been done,及物动词的过去分词既表示被动又表示动作已完成, 个别动词的过去分词只表示完成(多数为不及物动词),主动形式,被动形式,to do,to hav
13、e done,doing,having done,不定式除一般式、完成式以外还有_,进行式,V-ing,1.非谓语动词大都可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等.,1.To finish the work is impossible. 2.I want to see you. 3.I want him to see you. 4.My hope is to see you. 5.He is the man to see you. 6.Im glad to see you. 7.I went to see you.,（作主语）,(作宾语）,（作宾补）,(作表语）,（作定语）,（作目
14、的状语）,（作原因状语）,1.Swimming is his favorite sport. 2.He enjoys swimming. 3.I found him swimming in the river. 4.His favorite sport is swimming. 5.He is the man swimming in the river just now. 6. Swimming in Summer ,we can get cool.,(作主语）,(作宾语）,(作宾补）,(作表语）,(作定语）,(作状语）,1.This cup is broken. 2.This is a br
15、oken cup. 3.I found the cup broken. 4.Broken by Tom, the cup cant be used. 过去分词一般不作主语、宾语.,(作表语),(作定语）,(作状语）,(作宾语补足语）,考点1：作主语 表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的行为用-ing； 表示具体的、一次性的或将来的动作用to do 。 _ (walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old. 2. Eugenes never willing to alter any of his opinions. Its no use _
16、(argue) with him. 3_(speak) out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed.,Walking,arguing,Speaking,考点2：作表语 (1) 动名词和不定式作表语说明主语的具体内容。 (2)分词作表语则说明主语的性质，像puzzling, surprising, exciting等-ing分词表示“令人的(事物)”；像puzzled, surprised, excited等-ed分词表示“(人)感到的”。 What he said was _, so I feel _ (confuse). It is s
17、o _ (amaze) to see such a _ (disappoint) result.,confusing,confused,amazing,disappointing,考点3：作宾语 (1)有些动词只能用不定式作宾语。如refuse, expect, promise, decide, offer, pretend等。(类似动词和短语动词还有哪些？请补上) (2)有些动词只能用动名词作宾语。如：keep, allow, finish, enjoy, mind, practice, avoid, admit, advise, consider, imagine, appreciate,
18、 escape, suggest等。(类似动词和短语动词还有哪些？请补上) (3) 在表示“需要”的need, want, deserve和require等后用-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，也可用不定式的被动式。,.下列动词常用不定式作宾语： aim, ask, dare, appear, arrange, demand, help, pay, hesitate, plan, wait, fail, seek, prepare, happen, mean, prove, expect, wish, hope, decide, refuse, offer, learn, agree, ch
19、oose, promise, pretend, manage, care, determine, afford等。 如：He offered to help us . I didnt expect to find you here They refused to accept his invitation The little boy pretended to be asleep when his mother came in,(2)下列动词通常用ing形式作宾语：,admit, report, appreciate, deny, explain, mention, resist, stand
20、, stop, imagine, recall, suggest, mind, finish, enjoy, keep, practise, miss, avoid, delay, excuse, escape, consider, advise等。 如 (1) Would you mind my smoking here ? (2) The girl was told to practise playing the piano for three hours every day (3) Good news keeps coming. (4) Tina suggested spending t
21、he weekend on her farm,(4)在forget, remember, regret, mean, try, stop 等动词后既可接动名词，也可接不定式，但意义差别较大。 (5)在介词之后用动名词作宾语。 注意to是介词的短语，如: be /get become used to, be accustomed to(习惯于), be addicted to, be adjusted to, contribute to , devote oneself to /be devoted to, get down to, look forward to, pay attention
22、to, owe to, be opposed to, object to, be admitted to, pay a visit to, stick to, be exposed to, apply oneself to, get close to, turn to, belong to, set an example to, treat sboneself to, 等。 (6)含介词的固定句式： preclude ban prohibit prevent /stop /keep from doing 阻止做,spend /waste time or money in doing 在做方面花
23、费/浪费时间或金钱 have some difficulty/trouble in doing 在做方面有些困难 there is no sensepointuse in doing 做是没有理由/意义 (7)介词后一般只能接动名词，但在表示“除外”的介词but和except后，有时可接不定式；当前面有行为动词do时，不定式不带to；前面没有行为动词do时，要带to。,Exercise: Though he has lived in China for several years, he still has some trouble _ (communicate) with others in
24、 Chinese. I really wonder how much efforts our government will devote to _ (raise) public awareness about this issue? He is so stubborn that he often refuse _ (take) others suggestions even though they are very practical and beneficial.,communicating,raising,to take,考点4：作宾补 当宾语与作宾补的动词在逻辑上是主动关系时，用不定式
25、(未来或全过程)或-ing形式(正在进行或一直处于某种状态)； 当宾语与作宾补的动词在逻辑上是被动关系时，用-ed形式。 请注意复习以下6点： (1)在ask, invite, encourage, advise, forbid, force, remind, 等动词后，用带to的不定式作宾补。 (2)在help后作宾补的不定式带不带to均可。help sb (to) do sth,(3)在make, let, have等使役动词和feel, smell, hear, see, watch等感官动词后，一般用不带to的不定式作宾补，但在其被动式后作主语补足语时，要加上to。 make sb d
26、o sth Sb be made to do sth (4)在with的宾语后，若用-ed形式，表示宾语与-ed形式在逻辑上是被动关系，且意味着该动作已经完成；若用-ing形式，表示宾语与-ing形式在逻辑上是主动关系，且表示动作持续进行。,(5)get sb to do sth. =have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事(主动、将来); get/havedoing 使处于某一状态中(主动、持续); getdone=have sth. Done 请人做/遭受(被动); (6) make oneself 后常用understood, heard, seen, known等作宾补，表示让别
27、人明白自己的意思/让自己讲的话被别人听到/让自己被别人看到/让自己被别人认识。,Exercise: With the problem _(solve), I felt proud of my achievement. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man (sit) at the front. The lecture hall is so crowded that he has to speak loudly to make himself _ (hear). Come on, ple
28、ase give me some ideas about the project. Sorry. With so much work _ (fill) my mind, I almost break down.,solved,sitting,heard,filling,考点5：作状语 (1)分词短语作状语，表示时间，原因，让步，条件，伴随情况，结果等。其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，非谓语动词若与句子主语在逻辑上是主动关系，用-ing形式，若与句子主语在逻辑上是被动关系，用-ed形式。 (2)不定式作状语， 常做目的状语居多，可放句首或句末。 放在句末做原因状语，且不用逗号，多用于表示情绪或情感反应
29、的动词、形容词(如glad, sorry, surprised, frightened, delighted)之后。 作结果状语，其动作发生在谓语动词之后，往往表示未曾预料到的或令人不快的，前面常加only；也还用于tooto, enough to, so/suchas to等固定结构中。,(3) 在“连词(如when, while, if, though等)+分词”结构中，当分词与主句主语是主动关系时用-ing形式，是被动关系时用-ed形式。 Exercise： For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop _ (help) it grow”,
30、is based on the following story. With Fathers Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank _ (buy) presents for my dad. We were astonished _(find) the temple still in its original condition. _ (approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.,to help,t
31、o buy,to find,Approaching,考点6：作定语 (1)动词不定式作定语：常放在所修饰的名词之后，表示一个将来的动作，多用来修饰have、there be、with之后的名词，表示“有要”；或修饰“the+序数词”。 have to do with to do the firstsecond to do (2)分词作定语：被修饰的名词与分词是主动关系，用-ing形式，是被动关系时用-ed形式。 a girl sitting in the room a girl scolded by her boss,Exercise: 1 Many buildings in the city
32、 need repairing, but the one _ (repair) first is the library. 2 That is the only way we can imagine _ (reduce) the overuse of water in students bathrooms. 3 The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _ (weigh) less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. 4 Im calling to en
33、quire about the position _ (advertise) in yesterdays China Daily. 5 His first book _ (publish) next month is based on a true story.,to be repaired,to reduce,weighing,advertised,to be published,考点7：特殊句式 Why not do sth.? =Why dont you do sth.? 为何不做某事呢？ had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事 would rather (n
34、ot) do sth.宁愿(不)做某事 would do A rather than do B = would rather do A than do B = prefer to do A rather than do B = prefer doing A to doing B 宁做A事不做B事,考点8：独立结构 -ing形式的独立成分： judging by /from(根据判断), generally speaking(一般说来)， strictly speaking(严格说来), franklyhonestly speaking(坦率老实地说)等。 (2)不定式的独立结构： to tel
35、l you the truth(和你说实话吧), to make things worse(情况更糟的是)等。 (3)用作介词或连词的considering(考虑到，就而言)和given(考虑到)后接名词或that从句。,不同考点 各个击破,一、单句填空： 用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. Please remain _(seat); the winner of the prize will be announced soon. (辽宁) 2. Can I smoke here? Sorry. We dont allow _(smoke) here. (江苏) 3. If you thi
36、nk that treating a woman well means always _ (get) her permission for things, think again. (湖南),seated,smoking,getting,4. It is difficult to imagine his _ (accept) the decision without any consideration. (陕西) 5. I cant stand _(work) with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _(stop) talking whil
37、e she works. (北京) 6. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need _ (repair). (陕西) 7. _ (give) the general state of health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.,accepting,to stop,working,repairing to be repaired,Given,8. Isnt it time you got down t
38、o _ (mark) the papers? (重庆) 9. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _ (set) up some schools for poor children. (上海) 10. She looks forward every spring to _ (walk) in the flower-lined garden. (上海) 11. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time _ (pass) the exam. 12. Th
39、e children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _(finish) for the day.,marking,setting,walking,passing,finished,13. According to a recent U.S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week _ (watch) TV. 14. I believe thats the best way to prevent such a thing from _ (happen) again. 15. Di
40、d you have trouble in_ (find) the post office? 16. Sandy could do nothing but _ (admit) to his teacher that he was wrong. 17. Search the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you _ (learn) a lot about firefighting.,watching,happening,finding,admit,will learn,18. I smell something _ (burn)
41、 in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? (全国) 19. Dont leave the water _ (run) while you brush your teeth. 20. It was so cold that they kept the fire _ (burn) all night. 21. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ (carry) out the next year. 22. Reading is an experience
42、 quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _ (form) in your mind instead of before your eyes.,burning,running,burning,carried,forming,23. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _ (speak) as much as we can. 24. He is very popular among his students as he always
43、 tries to make them _(interest) in his lectures. 25. Energy drinks are not allowed _ (make) in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand. 26. My advisor encouraged me _(take) a summer course to improve my writing skills.,spoken,interested,to be made,to take,27. John received an invitation to din
44、ner, and with his work _ (finish), he gladly accepted it. 28. My parents have always made me _ (feel) good about myself, even when I was twelve. 29. They knew her very well. They had seen her _ (grow) up from childhood. 30. The mother felt herself _ (grow) cold and her hands trembled as she read the
45、 letter from the battlefield. 31. Paul doesnt have to be made _ (learn). He always works hard.,feel,grow,grow,to learn,finished,32. Did Peter fix the computer himself? He had it _(fix), because he doesnt know much about computers. 33. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her wr
46、itten English _ (improve) in a short period. 34. Helen had to shout to make herself _ (hear) above the sound of the music. 35. Peter received a letter just now _ (say) his grandma would come to see him soon. 36. With a lot of difficult problems _ (settle), the newly-elected president is having a har
47、d time.,fixed,improved,heard,saying,to settle,37. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not _ (move), and asked myself what I was going to do. 38. _(walk) in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. 39. _ (wait) in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he