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1、新闻英语的特点及翻译语言研究新闻英语的特点及翻译罗婷江西省东华理工行知分院344200Abstract:Newsasjournalismisagenreofpublicizinglatestevents.Itinformsusofwhatisgoingonintheworldatlarge.Inthemediaitisanimportantcommodityaswellasawayofat_tractingaudiencekeentobeinformedoftheeventstakingplaceintheworldinwhichtheylive.Thethesisfirstlyintrodu
2、cestheconceptofjournalisticEnglish,itsvocabularyandtranslation;Then,thethesisanalyzesthelanguagefeaturesofjoumisticEnglishinthefoHowingaspects:glossary,writing,rhetoricandstyle;thethesisfinallyintroducesthetranslationofjonrnahsticEnglishsoastofurtherembodyitsfeatures.Atranslatorshouldfollowtheprinci
3、plesoffaithfulnessandacceptabilityintranslatingjoumisticneologisms.BymasteringthefeaturesofjournalisticEnglish,wecanmakeourwriting,morevividandinteresting,strengththeexpressionofsubject,andembroiderstheatmosphere.Keywords:JoumisficEnglish;Features;Tmmlation摘要:新闻是最新事实的报道,它是大众媒体中扮演着一个很重要的角色即吸引观众的注意并向之
4、传送正在发生的时间的信息.从语言上说,新闻英语文体属于普通英语,即标准英语的主体层,但是它的词汇,标题和概括性导语又具有特别鲜明的特点,即新颖,生动,紧凑.全文主要从三个方面阐述了论题.文章首先介绍了新闻英语的概念,词汇及其翻译;其次从词汇,写作,修辞和文体等方面分析了新闻英语的语言特色.文章最后还从新闻英语的翻译来进一步反映新闻英语的特点.掌握英语新闻的语言特色可使我们更好地加以运用,使新闻文采顿生,加强主题思想表达的力度,渲染气氛,增添文章的趣味性.关键词:新闻英语:特点:翻译lntroductionNowadaysthepaceoflifeisgettingfaster,peopleof
5、tenfirstlookatthetitle,andthentheydecidewhethershouldtolookattheentirearticle3】.Titleisimportantobviouslyspotinnews,therefore,thegoodtitlecertainlymustbeabletoarousetheinterestandthedesireofreaders,whichmakesfreshandthepro.foundimpressiontothereader.Thetitlefirstisattractingread.ersvisionbyitsunique
6、formandthestrikingstatus.enewstitleisanimportantmethodofplayingtheroleofthepromptnewscontent;italsoholdstllereader.Inordertostrengthenitsattraction,theeditororrepoeroftenincreasesliterarytalentforthetitle.Itusesthecertainrhetorictechnique.thusitmakesthetitlebrieflyandthearticleisvividtobestriking,th
7、ewholeartieleisinteresting.1.1ConceptWhatis山eEnglishnews;itseemsthatitisdifficulttomakeanaccuratedefinitionintermsoflanguage.Weshould对州makeadefinitionofadisciplinetoit,sothatwecanfindouttheanswerofthisquestion.AeditorwhoprintssomethingwritteninEnglishonEnglishnewspaperormagazine.ItwillnotbeHomogeneo
8、usfromtheviewpointoflanguage,andwehavenoreasontohopetheyaleHomogeneous.Fromtheviewpointthetypeofwriting,anEnglishnewspaperincorporatesthingsofdi-versenature,besidesEnglishnewsreport;thereareEnglisharti-cle,thecomment,featureandadvertisements.Andthesethingsweshouldputandcarryonresearchwithintherangeo
9、fotherEnglishkindfromtheviewpointoflinguistics,andbecausetheyaretoomanyindividualcharacteristics.Itisunabletodrawtheconclusive.Sowemustputourattentiononwhichisconsideredthecommonmainfunctionofnewspaper,itofferinformationandthenewsreporthasexactlyreflectedsuchmainfunctionofnewspaper.Whatkindoflanguag
10、echaracteristicisrelatingtoEnglishnewsreport?Thoughprobablymakesomeconclusionstothis,buttheseconclusivestatementscannotbetheoverallortheendingone,thisconceptofEnglishofthenewsreportdoesnotseemasmeaningfulaswhatwasusuallythought,BecauseonEnglishdailyandweekly,wewillfindthatthereismorethanonekindofnew
11、sEnglish.ThesetypesnewsEnglishhaveex-tremelydifferenttypes.So,someonethinksEnglishnewsisnotEnglishwhichmeansnewsofcertainEnglish,andrefertoakindofsynthesisofEnglishofseveralkindsofEnglishnews.Whatsthenews?Newsisafleshreportofevents,facts,oropinionsthatpeopledidnotknowbeforetheyreadyourstory.Newsisan
12、ythingtimelythatinterestsanumberofpersons;thebestnewsisthatwhichhasthegreatestinterestofthegreatestnumber.Newsisanyevent,ideaoropinionthatistimely,thatinterestsoraffectsfllargenumberofpeopleinacommunityandthatiscapableofbeingunderstoodbythem.Newsisthereport-ingofanythingtimelywhichhasimportance,use,
13、orinteresttoaconsiderablenumberofpersonsinapublicationaudience.Forexample,ifadogbites,itisnotnews,ifbitesdog,itsbignews1】.1.2VocabularyVocabularyknowledgerefe18towhatalearnerknowsaboutawordintheSecondlanguage.Vocabularyknowledgecoversboththesizeanddepthperspectivesofwordknowledge.Vocab-ularysizedeno
14、testhenumberofwordsalearnerpossessesofthetargetlanguage,includingboththereceptiveandtheproductiveaspects.Withreferencetothedepthofvocabularyknowledge,thepresentstudyadoptstheframeworkofNation,whichin.117对州语言研究cludesfouraspectsofvocabularyknowledge;namelythedimensionofform,position,functionandmeaning
15、.Eachofthosedimensionshasbeendescribedreceptivelyandproductively.1.3FeaturesofJournalisticLexisThevalueofnewsisprimarilynovelty,whichmeanstheunusual,thestrange,thefirstorlastoronceinalifetimeeventisnews.Thismeansnewsshouldinformthereaderofsomethingnewandunusua1.thereforefshexperienceandnewculturalco
16、ntentsarefrequentlyfoundinnewsreportage.Thereisawell-knownsaying.Itisnotnewswhenadogbitesaman,butabso?lutelynewswhenyoufindamanbitesadog.Thoughthissayingisalittleabsurd,itistheusualcasethatreadersattentiontendstobedrawnonnewandfreshexperienceorculturalphenomena.Inadditionthatnewscontentitselfshouldb
17、enew,linguisticallyandprimarily,journalisticlexisplaysanimportantpartinembodyingoneofthefeaturesofnews-novelty.Inthischapter,wewillanalyzenoveltyofjournalisticlexisandthetranslationofsuchjournalisticwords【2.1.4FeaturesofNewsWritingOnemayfindthattherearesomedifferencesinnewsreportingbetweenthepresent
18、-daysocietyandthoseoftheearlierstagesofhumancivilization.This,nevertheless,isnotthemajordifference【4】.Themostimportantdifferenceisthattherearemanydifferentkindsofnewsandadiverseaudiencetoday.Newsreportinginthe21centuryservesmorepeoplethaneverbefore.Thefactthatthevaluesarechangingtodayatanaccel-crati
19、ngpacechallengesjournalistsinmanyways,moral,social,economic,legalandethical,whichwashardlythoughtofinasimplerandlesssophisticatedworld.However,itchallengesjournalistsinthewaytheywritetheirnews,thatis,thewaytheyusethelanguage【5.Newsisdifferentfromotherwritingformsinmanyways.Journalisticwritingisnotli
20、kethewritingofnovels,essays,nar-rativesorothersimilarliterature.First,novelistsandessayistsrarelyhavetheseverespaceproblemsnewswritersfaceconstantly.Ithasbeenestimated,forinstance,thattheNewYorkTimesreceivesabout2millionwordsofnewsmaterialeachday.However,about90percentisnotused.Newswritershavetopick
21、outthemostimportantforthereaderswhocertainlydonothaveenoughtimetocoverallthenewsinaday.Secondly,novelistsandessayistsrarelyworkunderthesameconditionsasnewswriterswhoarealwaysunderdeadlinepressure.Intheageofmassmedia,thesooneranewspapercanreportthenews,themorereadersitwil1secure.Anewsstorymustbewritt
22、enquickly.Unlikenovelistswhocanspendalongtimethinkinghowtopresentthestorybestthroughtheirmasteryofthelanguage,newswritersoftenhavelitfletimetoreconsidertheirdiction,letalonetorewriteorrearrange.1.5RhetoricFeatures1181.5.1UsingAnalogyOneofthedeterminantsofnewsisinterest,ienewsmustbeuniversallyabsorbi
23、ngandintriguing.Asaresult,inwritingheadlines;iournalistsoftenmakeuseofrhetoricaldevicesinthelimitednumberofwordstoattractthereader11.一1.5.2AlliterationThenewsunderthisheadlinedescribestheeventthatthef0odtoaidtherefugeesinfaminehitSomaliawasrobbed.Adesperatedeedshouldbeadoptedtosatisfythedesperatenee
24、doftherefugees.Thisheadlinemakesuseofal1iterationtode.scribetheawfulsituationinSomaliaandarousetheattentionofthereader.1.5.3MetaphorAmetaphorisafigureofspeechinwhichsomethingisde-scribedbystatinganotherthingwithwhichitcanbecomparedwithoutusingthewordsasorlike,e.g.MiddleEast:aCradleofTerror.1.6Transl
25、ationTheoriesandCriteriaTherearemanyapproachesintranslationstudy.Themostimportantjobwemustdohereistofindoutthemostsuitableonefornewstranslation.Whatkindofcriteriashouldthenewstranslatorsfollow?Onehundredyearsago,thegreattranslatorCantuinChinasetafamousthreecharactercriteriafaithfulness.expressivenes
26、sandelegancewhichhadhadagreatinfluenceupontranslationboththeoreticallyandpracticallyeversince.Faithfulnessandexpressivenessareusefulfornewstranslation,asthenewsproperrequiresobjectivityandveracityoffthestyleleve1.Thetargetlanguageshouldbefaithfulinrespectoftheinformationoftheoriginalwithoutanymodifi
27、cation,eitheraug-mentorabatement.Atthesametimeweoughttoemphasizeonthecontentinsteadoftheformoflanguagewhenencounteringsomethingdifficulttounderstandlinguisticallyorculturally.Butforthelastcharacterelegance,itistooreluctanttobeappliedinnewstranslation.Intheprocessoftranslation,therearethreebasictypes
28、ofadjustment:redistribution,deletionandaddition.Inthesethreeprocessescertainmodificationsareobligatoryandothersareoptiona1.Whetheritisathomeorabroad,inthepastoratpresent,thenatureofnewsistruenessandobjectivity,whichisun-changeableatallevents.Sointheredistributionofsemanticelements,whetheronalexical,
29、syntactical,orrhetoricallevel,thereshouldbenoactualincreaseininformation.butthesameinformationissimplygiveninasomewhatdifferentform.Dele-tionwouldappeartobeamatteroflossofinformation,whichisnotpermittedofcourse.Butfromanotherpointofview,itisonlyawaytoshiftinformationfromanexplicittoanimplicitleve1.N
30、oinformationislostactually.Asregardsadditionstheremaybeaseriesofproblemsrelatingtopossibleincreaseofinformation.Sometimesthereceptorlanguagerequiresanobligatoryadditionofinformationbecauseoftheabsenceofspecificdatawhichonlyexistinthesourcelanguage,butinothercasestheadditionsareoptionalwhichareusuall
31、ybettertobeindicatedin(下转第12O页)对州思政探讨既要向职能部门和上级领导沟通汇报工作.又要协调学生干部,学生活动与教师教学活动等方面的关系,不但责任重大,而且任务繁杂.这就要求辅导员要加强自身理论学习,强化实践锻炼.不断提高自身的政治理论水平和工作能力(如分析研究能力,组织能力,协调能力,判断能力,控制能力,决策能力,语言表达能力等),善于运用马克思主义基本理论,观点和方法,引导学生观察世界,了解国情,认识社会,分析形势,把握未来,辨别是非,引导学生在构造精神世界,探索知识时间和创造生活世界的过程中,提高政治思想,觉悟,构造完整的知识结构.养成良好的行为规范.善于用思
32、想铸就有品牌的教育,用激情铸就有生命的教育,用文化铸就有灵魂的教育,用智慧创新德育教育;善于运用非职权影响力.获得学生的感情信任和心理依赖,努力使得自己成为学生的良师益友;善于用理论启迪学生.善于用爱心滋润学生心里,善于用智慧启迪学生心灵.善于运用协调能力,充分发挥学生社团,学生干部和社区的作用;善于运用审时度势,灵活反应,当机立断的应变能力,应对复杂的局面,有效处理复杂的问题;善于运用伦理学,心理学的理论,指导学生增强自我管理能力;善于运用科学方法论和自然辩证法理论,帮助学生增强认知能力,自觉学习,掌握和运用普遍规律,遵循客观规律.正确地做好每一件事;善于运用组织行为理论帮助学生提高管理沟通
33、能力,指导学生通过团队活动和在竞争中学会沟通,学会合作,学会团结:善于运用阳光般的笑容,春风般的话语增进与学生间的师生情,用尊重和信任架设师生间心灵沟通的桥梁,用爱心和真情做大学生成长成才的知心朋友:善于运用疏导,参与,民主讨论,典型示范引路等方法和大学生喜闻乐见的形式,以理服人,以情感人,以爱育人;善于运用信息技术(特别是信息网络技术)等现代化手段,占领互联网,手机,短信等阵地,扩展思政教育工作的空间和渠道,为学生开辟自由表达诉求和感受的渠道,在平等交流中使学生得到潜移默化的教育,提高工作的时效性和影响力:善于运用讨论式,研究式,互动式,体验式的学习方法,启发学生深入思考,转变思维定势析事明
34、理,增强理论的感染力和说服力:善于组织丰富多彩的校园文化活动和社会实践活动,让学生在合作,沟通,竞争的过程中,通过文化濡染,精神熏陶和行为规范,得到全面锻炼和提高.参考文献:f1张振刚.发挥高校哲学社会科学育人功能的方法论思考J.中国高等教育,2011(3.4)【2姚军.论新形势下高校辅导员领导力培养与构造【J.中国高等教育,2011(213田国,马克思主义大众化与大学生理论学习J】.中国高等教育,2011(1)f41冯刚.国际化视野下高校德育的创新发展【J】.中国高等教育.2011(1)5】王德勋.论高校思想政治教育工作的几个基本原则J.中国高等教育,2010(10).作者简介:何燕(197
35、1.11).女,湖南涉外经济学院教师.(上接第118页)marginalnotes.Translatorsfindthemusefulwaystoimprovethequalityoftheirworkandtheefficiencyintranslating.1.6.1IIranslationMethodsWehavedifferentclassificationaccordingtodifferent印-proaches.Thoughdifferentsubjectsmayhavedifferentmethodsonsomeminoraspectswhiletranslating,wewo
36、ntmakeourdis-cussiononthisleve1.Ifwetalkaboutthisissuerespectivelyinaccordancewiththeaspectslikepolitics,economy,military,sportsandsoon,itwillturnouttobemeaningless.Firstofallwewillnotbeabletosetadefiniteboundarybetweenthesesubjects,howcanwemaketheanalysisscientificthen?Onanotheraspect,newscanbedivi
37、dedtohardnewsandsoftnewsconsideringtheirnatures.Thesetwostylesaredifferentfromeachothergreatlyandtheycancoverallthesubjectswehavementionedabove,soourdiscussioncanbedevelopedonthemsatisfyingly.Transliterationisnecessaryforpropernames,scientificterms,termsofdailylife,sincetherearenotolerableequivalent
38、sexistingintheTransliterationLanguage,e.g.,propernamessuchasChechen:车臣;Plymouth:普利茅斯,namesofanimalssuchaskoala:考拉;mammoth:猛码;curry:咖喱.Afteranalyzingtheexamples,weknowthatfullcompre-hensionofassociativemeaningsofjournalisticneologismsplaysakeyroleintranslating.Themeaningofagivenwordisnotmerelytheaccu
39、mulationofitsseparateparts.Owingtoculturaldifferences.awordforwordtranslationisseldomequivalenttotheSL.Inthiscase,theassociativemeaningshouldbeex-pressedfullyandclearlyfortheTLreader.Otherwise,theTL120readerwillnotacceptthemwholly,andfunctionalequivalencewillnotbeachieved.ConclusionNewsisanyevent,en
40、tityorideathatistimely,thatinter-estsoraffectsalargenumberofpeopleinacommunityandthatiscapableofbeingunderstoodbythem.ThelanguageusedinjournalisticEnglishfulfillstheinformativefunctionandtheper-suasivefunctionwiththeformerastheprimaryandthelatterasthesecondary.WhentranslatethetitleofnewsEnglish,thet
41、ranslationlanguageisnotsuitabletoovulgarortooelegant.EnglishnewsliterarystylebelongstothegeneralEnglish.ItsmainlevelofStandardEnglish.Generallyspeaking,themajoritynewsEnglishliteraturestyleusesEnglishisnottheofficialEng-lish.ThemodernChinesenewsliterarystylelanguageshouldbethecriterionofEnglishnewst
42、itlewitheleganttooenviesexecssivelyvulgarlyforthetranslation.References:1胡曙中.现代英语修辞学【M上海,上海外语教育出版社.2004.P32汤丽.新闻英语的特征及翻译J】长沙,湖南师范学院,2003.P533PANFuyan.QINXiang-yang.FeaturesandTransla-tionofTitlesofEnglishNewsReports.【J】2003.P5【4Pusateri.Cathy.NewsReportingandWriting(FourthEdition).NewYork:StMartinsPress,1992.P65Rich.Carole.andNews:AcoachingMethodCaliforniawasworthPublishingCompany,1994.P7