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1、PEP小学英语总复习一.学生易错词汇1.a, an的用法： 元音开头的单词用an，辅音字母开头的单词用a。例如：a book ,an old book ,a new book， an apple, a big apple,a university student(注：university是以元音字母开头，但发辅音)2.am , is , are的用法： I 用 am , you 用 are，第三人称单数用is , 复数人称用are。I am ,You are ,He is ,She is ,It is,We are ,They are3.have , has的用法：第三人称单数用has , 除
2、第三人称单数以外用have。I have ，You have ,He has,She has,It has,We have,They have4.there is, there are的用法：表示某地有某物，某人。there is +单数或不可数名词, there are+复数5.some, any的用法： some用于肯定句或表示委婉语气的疑问句, any用于疑问句和否定句I have some books. Would you like some tea?Do you see any monkeys? There arent any ducks in the river.6.can, ca
3、nt, lets, dont, should，will后面一定要用动词原形She can sing a song.Lets play football.二、名词复数的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接在词尾加-s, 如：girl-girls, book-books, pen-pens2.以s,x,sh,ch结尾的词,在词后加-es, 如：class-classes, bus- buses, glassglasses,class-classes,dressdresses,box-boxes, watch-watches, dishdishes3.以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y 为i 再加-es, 如：ci
4、ty-cities, country- countries，butterfly-butterflies, library libraries , baby- babies,strawberry- strawberries4.以f或fe结尾的,变f或fe为v再加-es, 如：knife-knives, leaf-leaves,shelf-shelves5.以o 结尾的加-es或-s, 如： tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes, zoo-zoos, photo-photos6.特殊变法：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen
5、, snowman-snowmen,foot-feet, tooth -teeth ,goose-geese, child-children, sheepsheep, people- people, fish- fish三、形容词的比较级1.一般情况下,直接在词尾加-er 如：small-smaller ,short-shortertall-taller,strong-stronger ,oldolder, young-younger, long-longer2.以辅音字母+y结尾的, 变y 为i 再加-er, 如： heavy-heavier，funny-funnier3.以重读闭音节,一个
6、辅音字母结尾的,双写该字母,再加-er 如：big-bigger, thin-thinner四、反义词1.black -white 2.new old3.old- young 4.short -long5.big small6.tall- short 7.yes no 8.open- close9.hot- cold 10.here- there 11.thin- fat 12.right- wrong13.left- right 14. go -come 15. good- bad 16.cool-warm五代词人称代词物主代词主格宾格形容词性名词性I我me我my我的mine我的you你，你
7、们you你，你们your你的，你们的yours你的，你们的he 他him他his他的his他的she她her她her她的hers她的it它it它its它的its它的we我们us 我们our我们的ours我们的they 他们（他们，它们）them他们（他们，它们）their他们的（他们的，它们的）theirs他们的（他们的，它们的）六、句子的时态1一般现在时态：表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作或目前的状态。规律：一般用动词原形，当主语为第三人称单数时，动词用三单形式。标志性的单词：always , usually , often , sometimes ，every day,如：She usuall
8、y goes to school on foot.动词的三单形式：do-does,go-goes,watch-watches, catch-catches teach-teaches,fly-flies,study-studies,have-has2现在进行时态：表示说话时正在发生或进行着的动作。规律：be + 动词 ing 形式，标志性的单词：look , now , listen ,如：Look , the boy is playing football .动词的ing形式的构成规则： 一般直接在动词后面加ing , 如:doing , going , working , singing
9、, eating 以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去e再加ing,如:have-having ,write- writing, ride-riding,make-making,dive-diving,take-taking 双写最后一个辅音字母，在加ing：running , swimming ,3一般将来时态：表示将来发生的动作或情况。规律：be going to +动词原形 , will +动词原形，标志性的单词：tomorrow , nextweekend ，如：Mr Brown is going to visit Beijing tomorrow .4一般过去时态：表示过去某一时间内发生的
10、动作或情况。标志性的单词：yesterday , last weekend,如：He went to the park yesterday.动词过去式:(1)一般情况动词后面加ed , 如：watch-watched, wash-washed, clean-cleaned, play-played, visit-visited, cook-cooked, row-rowed, learn-learned,climb-climbed(2)以不发音e结尾的动词加d就可以了； 如：dance-danced(3)以辅音加y结尾的动词把y改成i再加ed ； 如：study studied ,(4)不规则
11、变化：do-did,go-went,read-read,fly-flew,swim-swam, sing-sang,take-took,have-had,buy-bought,see-saw,leave-left, get-got,is-was,am-was,are-were ,say said , tell told , draw drew , come came , lose lost , find found , drink drank , hurt hurt , feelfelt七、完全、缩略形式1.Im=I am 2.hes=he is 3.shes=she is 4.its=it
12、is 5.theyre=they are 6.youre=you are 7.theres=there is8.cant=can not 9.dont=do not10. doesnt=does not11.isnt=is not12. arent=are not 13.lets=let us14. wont=will not 15.Ill=I will 16.whos= who is17.whats =what is 18. wheres =where is 19.were= we are20.thats =that is 21. Ive= I have22. Id= I would23.
13、hasnt =has not24.didnt=did not八、同音词1. to- too - two 2. right- write 3. no -know 4. for- four5. hear- here 6. I -eye 7. see - sea 8. son -sun9. be - bee 10. there -their 11.buy - bye 12. pair -pear13.where-wear九.句型专项归类1、 肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如：Im a student.2、否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如：Im not a student.注意 小
14、结：否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。（1）动词be的句子则“be+not”，可缩写成“isnt，arent”，但am not 一般都分开写。肯定句：She is reading a book.否定句：She isnt reading a book.（2）can的句子则“can+not”，可缩写成“cant”。肯定句：Ican flya kite.否定句：I cant fly a kite.（3）实意动词的句子：助动词do/does/did+not”，你也可以把它们缩写成“dont , doesnt , didnt ）。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只
15、用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did”。肯定句：She watches TV on the weekend.否定句：She doesntwatch TV on the weekend.3、一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用“yes”，或“no”来回答。如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, Im not.Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.Did you watch TV yesterday even
16、ing? Yes, I did. / No, I didnt.注意 小结：一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上，（1）把动词be调到首位，句号变成问号。肯定句：There is a pen on the desk.一般疑问句：Is there a pen on the desk?（2）把can调到首位，句号变成问号。肯定句：We can swim . 一般疑问句：Can you swim?(3)在句首加上一个助动词（do，does，did）再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，句号变成问号。肯定句：I cooked dinner yesterday evening.一般疑问句：Did you cook dinner yesterday?