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1、Section Language points( )(Welcometo the unit& Reading) 语 言 基 础 自 测 .单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词。1Friendship is always a sweet responsibility 责(任 )never an opportunity.2Recycling (回收利用 )is good for the environment，but it costs a lot of money.3Production (产量 )of computers has increased double in the last f
2、ew years.4The Spring Festival is approaching 接(近 )，and we are busy preparing for it.5Construction of the railways helped to develop the national economies (经济 )of Tanzania and Zambia.6The driver got injured so badly that he needed operating on without delay.7Nothing is too difficult to a willing hea
3、rt.8After a long debate the House of Commons approved the bill.9The Yellow River originates in the west and flows eastwards into the sea.10 As far as I am concerned，you can do what you like. .拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示写出下列单词。1responsibleadj.负责的 responsibility n责任2consult v咨询；请教 consultant n顾问3product n产品；产量 prod
4、uce vt.& vi .生产，制造 production n产量；生产4belief n看法；信念 believe v相信，信以为真5operate vt.& vi .经营；动手术 operation n运转，操作 operator n操作员，接线员 寻规律、巧记忆 adj.s n.re-v.v.第 1页news n新 ，消息rebuild 重新建造shorts n短 remarry 再婚economics n 学restart 重新开始. 全短 根据提示 全下列短 。1use up用尽2be concerned about 关心3as long as只要4run out (of)用完，耗尽
5、5cut back on削减， 减，减少6ask around四 打听，多方 7result in引起， 致8open the floor自由 言9be willingto do sth. 意做某事10 flow into流入； 入 . 填空 用上述短 的适当形式填空。1At the end of the meeting， well open the floor for discussion.2We have to find alternative energy before the fossil fuels run out.3Speaking of pollution，I think of
6、waste water flowing into rivers through pipes.4They keep a list of people who are willing to work nights.5 People are concerned about the environmental problems such as globalwarming. 律、巧 “ 只要 ”用法 萃v.adv.prep. 短 第 2页数量已 增 了六倍。年前的五倍。The number of the rural left- behind children is five times what it
7、was ten years ago. 村留守儿童的数量是十as long ascatch up with 赶上so long aslook down on/uponproviding/provided(that) ，看不起suppose/supposing(that)add up to ，加起来等于. 典句式仿写背教材原句 句式 构仿写促落 1.With me are Ms LinShuiqing ， fromtheGreen“介 短 Among the goods areSociety，and Mr Qian Liwei ，aChristmas tree， flowers，be busine
8、ssdevelopmentcandles and toys.主 ”构成consultant. 些商品里有圣 、花的完全倒装和我一起的嘉 是来自 色儿、蜡 和玩具。 会的林水清女士和企 句。【 学号： 45062019】展 利 先生。2.The worlds populationhas“ 倍 数 grown by six times what it waswhat 从句”in 1800.与 1800 年相比，世界人口的构成的倍数表达句。What if 引 的句子表示What if it rains when we3.What if they run out？cant get under shel
9、ter？假假 ，可 如果 它们 被用 完 了 怎 么办若下起雨来，我 又没 为 “ 如呢？避雨怎么 ？果怎么 呢？” 核 心 要 点 探 究debate n& vi. ；争 ， 第 3页(教材 P22)Todays debate question is，“The economy or the environmentmustwe choose？”今天 的 是“ 是 境 我 必 做出 ？” 拓展 (1)under debate在 中a debate on/about/over.关于的 (2)debate(about)sth.辩论 / 某事debate with sb.on/about sth.就某
10、事与某人争 There is a growing debate about the most effective way for students to study.人 学生学 的最有效的方法 得很激烈。One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.其中一个在 中的 就是教育是否是个 身学 的 程。Then，some students will have a debate on/about/over how to learn Englishwell.然后，一些学生将就如何学好英 行 。She
11、 often debates with classmates about/on the meaning“of happiness”她 常和同学 “幸福”的意 。明辨异同 debate/argue/quarrel指正式的 ，通常在一位仲裁人的主持下，按照一定的debate 行，双方各自 述理由是指 理、 ， 重于 出事 ， 服 方，也可argue能是激烈地交 意 ，以致争吵quarrel“争吵，吵架”，指因小事 生口角第 4页形象记忆debatearguequarrel用上述单词的适当形式填空。The couple was quarreling about whose turn it was t
12、o cook the dinner.The government is debating the education laws. I saw them arguing/quarreling in the middle of the street. cut back on减少，削减，缩减(教材 P22)It is our duty to try to cut back on production and reduce the number of things we make and buy努.力削减生产，减少制造和购买物品的数量是我们的责任。归纳拓展 cut off切掉；割掉；分离；隔离(常跟
13、from)；中断cut across抄近路穿过；径直穿过cut away切掉；剪掉cut down砍倒；杀死；削减；缩短cut in插嘴；突然插入；超车cut out切掉；删掉；剪下；裁剪cut up切碎；使丧气；使痛心We need tocut the article down to 1,000 words.我们得把这篇文章缩短到1 000 字。Many villages have been cut off by the heavy snow.许多村子都被大雪孤立了。She cut out his picture from the magazine.她把他的照片从杂志上剪了下来。第 5页re
14、sponsibilityn 任(教材 P23)They think ofgreedy businessmen hiding from their responsibilitiesand only worrying about money.他 就会 想到 婪的商人逃避自己的 任，只关心金 。 拓展 (1)a sense of responsibility 任感responsibility to/towards 的 have/take responsibility for throw responsibility on sb.把 任推 某人(2)responsible adj. 有 任的； 的be
15、 responsible for The father of a family should have more sense of responsibility.一家人中父 有更多的 任感。 Dont worry.If anything goes wrong， Ill take responsibility for it. 没关系，出了 我承担 任。Who should be responsible for the accident? 起事故 ？belief n 看法；信念；信仰；宗教信条( 教材 P23)People often have this belief that developme
16、nt is bad for theenvironment，but this does not have to be true.人 常常 展 境有害，但 不一定是正确的。 拓展 (1)beyond belief 以置信in the belief that.相信its my belief that.我相信have belief in. 有信心hold a/the firm belief that. 信(2)believe v.相信， believe in信任，信 believe sb.相信某人的 第 6页 Its a popular belief that a fishs memory can o
17、nly last a few seconds.人们普遍认为鱼的记忆只能持续几秒钟。 It is beyond belief that his aunt ，an 80-year-old lady ，can sing and dance sowonderfully.他的姑姑，一位 80 岁的老太太能唱得跳得那么好，真是令人难以置信。 I believe in his ability ，but I cant believe what he says.我相信他的能力，但是我不相信他说的话。operate vt.& vi.经营，管理；实施；运转；动手术(教材 P23)The people operati
18、ng these factories are deeply concerned about theenvironment.这些工厂的经营者非常关心环境。归纳拓展 (1)operate on sb.给某人动手术(2)operation n.手术；运转；实施perform an operation on sb.为某人做手术come into operation开始运转；实施起来put.into operation使运转；使实施in operation工作中；实施中She waited with anxiety while her husband was beingoperated on.当她丈夫正
19、在接受手术治疗时，她焦虑地等待着。 In order to be put into operation，a large number of parts had to be replaced.必须大量更换零部件，才能投入运转。【导学号： 45062019】We will have to perform an operation (operate) on his eyes.我们将给他的眼睛动手术。 Is this rule in operation?这条规则还有效吗？图形助记 三图详解 “ operate”第 7页quantity n数量(教材 P23)Ms Lin suggested we sh
20、ould cut back on the quantity of things we produce in order to save the environment林.女士建议削减生产来保护环境。归纳拓展 in large quantities in quantity大量地；很多a large/great/huge quantity oflarge/huge quantities of许多的；大量的 This medicine is poisonous if takenin large quantities.此药大量服用会有害的。A large quantity of books is (b
21、e) stored in the library near the playground.大量的书被保存在操场附近的图书馆里。 Quantities of water in the lake have been (be) polluted by the factoryproducing kinds of cloth.这个湖里大量的水被制造各种布匹的工厂污染了。名师点津 a.quantity of/quantities ofa.quantity of 和 quantities of 在句中作定语，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。“a.quantity of可数或不可数名词 ” 作主语时，谓
22、语动词常用单数形式。“quantities of可数或不可数名词 ”作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。(教材 P22)The worlds population has grown by six times what it was in1800.与 1800 年相比，世界人口数量已经增长了六倍。【要点提炼】句中“ six timeswhat 从句”是一种倍数的表达结构。归纳拓展 倍数表达法的其他结构1 倍数 as形容词或副词原级as比较对象2 倍数形容词或副词比较级than比较对象3 倍数 the名词 表示量度 of比较对象第 8页 This room is twice as large ast
23、hat one. 个房 是那个房 的两倍大。The car runs twice faster than that truck. 小 比那 卡 快两倍。 This book is three times the length of that one. 本 的篇幅是那本 的三倍。(教材 P25)What if they run out?如果它 被用完了怎么 呢？【要点提 】what if ，表示“如果怎么 ”或“即使又有什么关系”，位于句首，引 条件句。句中可以用 述 气，也可用虚 气。what if 可看成是 What would sb.do if.，What would happen if.
24、或 What does itmatter if.的省略。 拓展 似 what if 的常用省略 构：How come.？怎么会？What/How about.?怎么 ？So what?那又怎 ？What for? 何目的？What/How about taking a walk after dinner?晚 后去散步怎么 ？ If she spent five years in Paris，how come her French is so bad?既然她在巴黎待了五年，她的法 怎么 会 糟糕？解构 句 句 1Pollution is so bad that many rivers are f
25、ull of chemicals which flow into the sea and kill sea creatures.【分析】 句 主从复合句。 so.that. 果状 从句； which 引 先行词为 chemicals 的定 从句。【翻 】 在的 染情况很 重， 众多的河流都充 了化学物 。 些河水 而流入海洋，使 多海洋生物 生。2 What Im here to say is that having worked side by side with many第 9页environmentalists，I know that a healthy environment and
26、a stable economy should bepossible at the same time.【分析】 该句是一个主系表结构。 主语是一个由 what 引导的名词性从句，谓语是 is，表语是一个由 that 引导的从句； 此从句中 having worked.这一分词短语作原因状语，后面的一句话是整个 that 引导的表语从句的主干， 句子最后是 that 引导的宾语从句。【翻译】在这里我想说的是， 我一直和很多环保人士打交道， 所以我知道，健康的环境和稳定的经济并存是可能的。 随 堂 效 果 落 实.单句语法填空根据语境在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式1The bi
27、ll that the politician put forward is still under debate.It is expected to be passed in the meeting next week.2We plan to save more money for the new house， so we have to cut back on everyday expense.3There is no end to the debate in sight，where my parents are at war with each other over how to redu
28、ce our expenses while improving our quality of life.4The oldest man in my village has a firm belief (believe)in the value of coldbaths.5 The grandfather， much to the surprise of the doctors， wont want his granddaughter to be operated (operate) on this week.6Sometimes she is just unwilling to go (go)
29、 to work because of bad weather.7According to this survey，some TV programmes should take responsibility for teenagers negative behavior.8You dont have the floor at the meeting， because you are only a child.9The traveler laid (lay) his coat on a stone and lay down to have a rest.10 He has no responsi
30、bility (responsible) for the accident.单句改错 ( 每句一处错误 )1They debated about us for an hour on the advantages and disadvantages of theplan.aboutwith第 10 页2They should take their responsibility for the lost child.responsibility responsibilities3Two weeks passed and my patience was running out of.去掉 of4Th
31、is room is twice as larger as that one.largerlarge5Quantities of food was spread out on the table.waswere.完成句子1我们的图书馆在校园的中心位置。In the center of our school is our library.(倒装结构 )2如果我们遇到我们任何人都处理不了的情况怎么办呢？What if we meet with a situation(that/which) none of us are able to deal with ？ (what if)3这个房子的价格是2019 年时的三倍。The price of the house is three times what it was in 2019.(what)【导学号： 45062019】4别担心，出了问题我来承担责任。Dont worry.If anything goes wrong，Ill take responsibility for it.(responsibility)5杰克在父亲经营的一家煤矿里工作。Jack works in a coal mine operated by his father.(operate)第 11 页