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1、Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shell ?导学案 ( SectionA1a-2c)主讲：刘彩虹时间：2013.4学习目标：1.学习并掌握词汇：collect, shell, marathon, pair, skate, since, Hilltop School, a pair of.2.学习目标语言：(1)How long have you been skating? Ive been skating for five hours. (2)How long has she been skating? Shes been skating s
2、ince nine oclock. 情感态度目标：培养学生应用英语进行交际的能力。学习重点：初步了解现在完成时态的构成 “have/has + been + v-ing”及用法、标志词。学习难点：区别“for” 与“since”学 习 过 程(自主空间)一、预习与交流A. 大声朗读目标1中的生词并能熟记这些生词。B. 预习P44&45，翻译下列单词和短语。收集_ 贝壳_ 一双溜冰鞋_ 多久_ 滑冰马拉松_ 六个小时_ 自从我七岁时_ 二、合作与探究 A、小组谈论1a 中的问题，并作答。 B、教师引导学习现在完成进行时。并让小组讨论总结：1）现在完成进行时态由助动词have/has+_+_构成，
3、一般与for+_, since+_连用。2）现在完成时是have/has+_。现在完成进行时强调动作一直持续到现在，并将继续下去；现在完成时强调动作的结果，即动作已经结束。 C、听力训练1.认真听录音，快速完成1b。2.认真听录音，完成2a和2b.3.小组合作训练听力材料中的现在完成进行时句型。三、展示交流 挑战一：观察与运用。先组内讨论交流，然后由小组派代表就共性问题进行讲解。针对学生的疑惑，教师给予点拨。 挑战二： Pairwork 2c. 机会就掌握在你手中，快将改编的对话在全班面前展示吧。 四、点拨升华 A、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别：(1)现在完成时强调动作的完成，而现在完成进
4、行时侧重的是动作的持续进行。如： I have read a book about birds. （已经读完） I have been reading a book about birds.（一直都在读,现在还在读,有可能会继续读下去）(2)两种时态都有延续性， 但现在完成时往往只说明一个事实，一种影响或结果，无感情色彩；现在完成进行时表示一个动作的延续、重复，有时有一定的感情色彩。 如： She has been singing all the day. 她都唱了一整天了。（抱怨、厌烦） B、since和for的区别用法 1.since表示“自从过去某一时间点以来”，since+a sent
5、ence：Since I was seven years old.（自从我7岁以来）since+a clock time/a date:since nine oclock(自从9点以来）since+段时间+ago：since three years ago（自从3年前以来 2.for表示时间的持续，for +a period of time。表示一段时间，多与带数词的名词连用，谓语需用延续性动词。I havent been seeing a film for a long time. C、一对、一双：a pair of +可数名词复数 一条裤子：a pair of pants 三条裤子：thr
6、ee pairs of pants注意：当含有pair的名词性短语做主语时，谓动词要与pair的数保持一致This pair of shoes is dirty. These pairs of shoes are dirty五.课堂小结六. 达标测试A. 用for或since填空,并翻译句子。1. They have been working_ ten hours.2. Kate has been studying_8:00 pm.3. The old man has been living in the old house_1990.4. She has been studying Engl
7、ish_ she was five.5. The twins have been waiting for you_ an hour ago.6.The Wang family have been living in the neighborhood _October last year.7.Ive been watching you _ two minutes.8.Ive been practicing the piano _ 10:30.B. 选择题 )1. Uncle Wang _ since he came to the company.A. has been working B. ha
8、ve been working C. worked D. work )2. They have been swimming since they _5 years old. A. is B. was C. has D. were )3. Mr. Li _swimming for 3 hours, and his son _an hour ago.A. has been, started B. has been, has started C. started, has started )4. -_ has this food store been here? - Since 2001. A. H
9、ow long B. How often C. How old D. How soon )5.Can I help you? Id like to buy_ for my twin sons.A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoes C. two pair of shoe )6. It was my first _ marathon.A. skate B. skating C. to skate )7. _ did you start riding? _ I was eight years old.A. When, Since B. How long, Since C. When, When