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1、第一轮复习 语法专题 专题十二 主谓一致和倒装句,广东真题,( ) 1. -_ there any living things on other planets ? -I have no ideas. Maybe we can know more about that in the future. A.Is B. Are C. Has D. Have (2015广东） ( ) 2. - Do you need more time to complete the task? - Yes. Another ten days_ enough. (2014广东） A. is B. was C. are
2、 D. were,A,B,( ) 3. Not only my friends but also I _ interested in football and Messi is our favorite star. （2013广东） A. be B. am C. is D. are ( ) 4. - Both Li Lei and Han Meimei _ fond of the TV program A Bite of China. （2012广东） - I am also deeply moved by its stories. A. is B. am C. was D. are,D,广东
3、真题,B,( ) 5. David, there _ a dictionary and some books on your desk. Please put them away. OK. Mum. Ill do it right away. （2011广东） A. is B. are C. has D. have ( ) 6. Robert with his two kids_ to the beach for vacation every year. （2010广东） A. go B. goes C. went D. are going,A,B,广东真题,考点梳理,主谓一致指谓语动词要在人
4、称和数上与主语保持一致。可遵循三个原则：语法一致的原则、意义一致的原则和就近原则。,考点一：语法一致的原则 1. 以单数名词或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；主语为复数名词时，谓语用复数。 No news is good news. He goes to school early every morning. The children are playing outside.,2. 由and或bothand连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 Mr. Black and Mrs Black have a son called Tom. 但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓
5、语动词用单数。 His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl. （指女孩既是他的老师也是他的朋友） The poet and writer has come. （指他既是诗人又是作家，有两种身份）,3. 由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each，every修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。 In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. Each man and each woman is asked to help. 4. 主语后面跟有 but
6、 ，except，besides，with，together with，along with，as well as 等介词短语，谓语动词要和主语保持一致。 The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum. Nobody but two boys was late for class.,5. 不定代词或由each，some，any，no，every 构成的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词都用单数。 Is everybody ready？ Somebody is using the phone. 6. 有两部分构成的物体的名词，如
7、glasses，shoes，trousers，chopsticks，scissors 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。但如果这类名词前用了a pair of等，则往往用作单数，谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。 Your trousers are dirty. Youd better change them. Here are some new pairs of shoes. My new pair of socks is on the bed.,7. 动词不定式、v-ing或句子作主语，谓语动词用单数。 To work hard is necessary for a stude
8、nt. Reading is learning. What he said is right. 8. “ a number of +复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。表示“许多”。 “the number of +复数名词” 作主语时，谓语动词用单数。表示“的数量”。 A number of trees are cut down every year. The number of the students in our class is 60.,B,A,考点再现,考点二：意义一致的原则 1. 表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，把他们看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数。 Twenty ye
9、ars is not a long time. Ten dollars is too dear.,2. 有些集体名词，如family，team，class，group，government，company等作主语时，如作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数；如指其中每个成员，则用复数。 My family is a big one. My family are watching TV. His class are going to the park. Her class has 60 students.,3. 一些有复数意义的名词，如people，police，cattle，clothes等作主语时
10、，谓语动词要用复数。 A lot of people are dancing outside. The police are looking for the lost boy. 4. 疑问代词作主语时，其谓语动词也有两种情况：主语表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数；主语表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数。 Who is your brother？ Who are League members？,5. “分数或百分数+of+the+名词”构成的词组作主语时，其谓语动词要和of后面的名词保持一致。 “half/the rest/all/some/most+of+the+名词” 构成的 词组作主语时，其谓语动
11、词也要和of后面的名词保持一 致。名词是复数，谓语动词用复数；名词是单数，谓语 动词用单数。 It is said that 35 per cent of the doctors are women. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea. All of the work has been finished. All of the people have gone. I have read a large part of the book，the rest is more difficult.,考点再现,A,考点三：就近原则 1. 由
12、连词or，either.or.， neither.nor.， not only.but also.等连接的并列主语，则谓语动词要与靠近它的主语一致。 Either you or I am right. Neither the children nor the teacher knows anything about it. Not only Tom but also his classmates like playing basketball.,2. 在“There be” 句型中或以here开头的句子中，谓语动词be应和靠近它的名词保持一致。 There are two apples and
13、 one egg in it. Here is a letter and some books for you.,考点再现,B,B,考点四：倒装句 倒装句就是把谓语放在主语的前面，构成倒装。 1. 以 so，neither/nor 引起的倒装句。 （1） So + be动词/助动词/ 情态动词 + 主语，表肯定，意思是 “某人/物也”。 Neither/ Nor + be动词/助动词/情态动词 + 主语，表否定，意思是 “某人/物也不”。 这两个结构中的be动词/助动词/情态动词形式上和前句的谓语一样，但单复数取决于后句的主语。 Lucy is very clever. So is Lily.
14、 My mother gets up early every day and so does my father. He hasnt seen the film. Neither have I.,（2） So + 主语 + be动词/助动词/情态动词，表肯定，意思是 “某人/物的确如此”。 Neither/ Nor +主语 + be动词/助动词/情态动词，表否定，意思是 “某人/物的确不”。 这两个结构所叙述的是同一人或物，而（1）中所叙述的是不同的人或物。 试比较： Lucy works hard at English. So does Lily. 露西努力学英语，莉莉也一样。 Lucy w
15、orks hard at English. So Lucy does. 露西努力学英语。她的确如此。,2. 以here，there等表方位的副词开头的句子中，如果主语是名词，要倒装。谓语动词和后面的主语保持一致。 There goes the bell. 铃响了。 Here is a flower. 这有一朵花。 注意：如果主语是人称代词，就不用倒装。 Here you are. Here it is.,3. There be 句型。典型的倒装句，表示“某地有某人或某物”。谓语动词要遵循就近原则。 There is some food in the fridge. 4. 表示方位的副词或介词短语 out，in，up，down 等。谓语动词要和后面的主语保持一致。 In the front of the queue is an old woman.,D,考点再现,C,1-5 DCCBC 6-10 BAABC 11-15 CAADD 16-20 DBAAA,中考链接,1-5 CBCAB 6-10 AACBB 11-15CCCDD 16-20 AACBB,考点精练,Thank You!,