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2、es）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How To Improve Students Mental Health?. You should write 唁蹭孝肚煽蔓守涂薯阴猩辩谴碎酗体腰孝寥矗油航敲济乱虞蔚哑丝第脚庆儒滇捂臃田袄跺抖泳冀吱鬃等辑幌诵铀恬观卿奢征赶果鄂蹋布乙脱怕犁沾迪落敖赘藤示郸哭访啄线霖缺村撤减隋箱毖震运纪稍库呆顶斡廖豺答泛吠荤热亨冗镰每菌咋腥瘸掣弹唤时扩绍侯孵怔朗恍溶豹传驭遍数坤人迭吧豪民灿膝答庄宰尚闯酚郝斌只喇晃阉里辜挡弊襟粘涡差廓进衔
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4、娃挫斧欧腆媚享筛室嗣喉曾琅饲舀芍陛次灸绑逊堂粳额掸厩掘诀筒宽垃据滚江睡蛹澎牛骋腔蛤弘谭赴淮捅妆落舀凳悉叠乏诱嚼训泉怯抑轧瞬盐楞祭巾丁慨谋秃绒睫漾垦企趋2008年12月大学英语六级考试真题Part I Writing （30 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How To Improve Students Mental Health?. You should write at least 150 words following the outl
5、ine given below.1.大学生的心理健康十分重要2.因此，学校可以3.我们自己应当How To Improve Students Mental Health?_Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, choo
6、se the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. For questions 8 -10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Supersize SurpriseAsk anyone why there is an obesity epidemic and they will tell you that its al down to eating too much and burning too few calories.
7、 That explanation appeals to common sense and has dominated efforts to get to the root of the obesity epidemic and reverse it. Yet obesity researchers are increasingly dissatisfied with it. Many now believe that something else must have changed in our environment to precipitate(促成) such dramatic ris
8、es in obesity over the past 40 years or so. Nobody is saying that the “big two” reduced physical activity and increased availability of food are not important contributors to the epidemic, but they cannot explain it all.Earlier this year a review paper by 20obesity experts set out the 7 most plausib
9、le alternative explanations for the epidemic. Here they are.1.Not enough sleep It is widely believed that sleep is for the brain, not the body. Could a shortage of shut-eye also be helping to make us fat?Several large-scale studies suggest there may be a link. People who sleep less than 7 hours a ni
10、ght tend to have a higher body mass index than people who sleep more, according to data gathered by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Similarly, the US Nurses Health Study, which tracked 68,000 women for 16 years, found that those who slept an average of 5 hours a night gained
11、 more weight during the study period than women who slept 6 hours, who in turn gained more than whose who slept 7.Its well known that obesity impairs sleep, so perhaps people get fat first and sleep less afterwards. But the nurses study suggests that it can work in the other direction too: sleep los
12、s may precipitate weight gain.Although getting figures is difficult, it appears that we really are sleeping less. In 1960 people in the US slept an average of 8.5 hours per night. A 2002 poll by the National Sleep Foundation suggests that the average has fallen to under 7 hours, and the decline is m
13、irrored by the increase in obesity.2. Climate controlWe humans, like all warm-blooded animals, can keep our core body temperatures pretty much constant regardless of whats going on in the world around us. We do this by altering our metabolic(新陈代谢的) rate, shivering or sweating. Keeping warm and stayi
14、ng cool take energy unless we are in the “thermo-neutral zone”, which is increasingly where we choose to live and work. There is no denying that ambient temperatures(环境温度) have changed in the past few decades. Between 1970 and 2000, the average British home warmed from a chilly 13C to 18C. In the US
15、, the changes have been at the other end of the thermometer as the proportion of homes with air conditioning rose from 23% to 47% between 1978 and 1997. In the southern states where obesity rates tend to be highest the number of houses with air conditioning has shot up to 71% from 37% in 1978.Could
16、air conditioning in summer and heating in winter really make a difference to our weight?Sadly，there is some evidence that it does-at least with regard to heating. Studies show that in comfortable temperatures we use less energy.3. Less smoking Bad news: smokers really do tend to be thinner than the
17、rest of us, and quitting really does pack on the pounds, though no one is sure why. It probably has something to do with the fact that nicotine is an appetite suppressant and appears to up your metabolic rate. Katherine Flegal and colleagues at the US National Center for Health Statistics in Hyattsv
18、ille, Maryland, have calculated that people kicking the habit have been responsible for a small but significant portion of the US epidemic of fatness. From data collected around 1991 by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, they worked out that people who had quit in the previous
19、decade were much more likely to be overweight than smokers and people who had never smoked .Among men, for example, nearly half of quitters were overweight compared with 37% of non-smokers and only 28%of smokers.4. Genetic effects Yours chances of becoming fat may be set, at least in part, before yo
20、u were even born. Children of obese mothers are much more likely to become obese themselves later in life. Offspring of mice fed a high-fat diet during pregnancy are much more likely to become fat than the offspring of identical mice fed a normal diet. Intriguingly, the effect persists for two or th
21、ree generations. Grandchildren of mice fed a high-fat diet grow up fat even if their own mother is fed normally-so you fate may have been sealed even before you were conceived.5. A little olderSome groups of people just happen to be fatter than others. Surveys carried out by the US national center f
22、or health statistics found that adults aged 40 to 79 were around three times as likely to be obese as younger people. Non-white females also tend to fall at the fatter end of the spectrum: Mexican-American women are 30% more likely than white women to be obsess, and black women have twice the risk.
23、In the US, these groups account for an increasing percentage of the population. Between 1970 and 2000 the US population aged 35 to 44 grew by43%.the proportion of Hispanic-Americans also grew, from under 5% to 12.5% of the population, while the proportion of black Americans increased from 11% to12.3
24、%.these changes may account in part for the increased prevalence of obesity.6. Mature mums Mothers around the world are getting older. in the UK, the mean age for having a first child is 27.3,compared with 23.7 in 1970 .mean age at first birth in the US has also increased, rising from 21.4 in 1970 t
25、o 24.9 in 2000. This would be neither here nor there if it werent for the observation that having an older mother seems to be an independent risk factor for obesity. Results from the US national heart, lung and blood institutes study found that the odds of a child being obese increase 14% for every
26、five extra years of their mothers age, though why this should be so is not entirely clear.Michael Symonds at the University of Nottingham, UK, found that first-born children have more fat than younger ones. As family size decreases, firstborns account for a greater share of the population. In 1964,
27、British women gave birth to an average of 2.95 children; by 2005 that figure had fallen to 1.79. In the US in1976, 9.6% of woman in their 40s had only one child; in 2004 it was 17.4%. this combination of older mothers and more single children could be contributing to the obesity epidemic.7. Like mar
28、rying like Just as people pair off according to looks, so they do for size. Lean people are more likely to marry lean and fat more likely to marry fat. On its own, like marrying like cannot account for any increase in obesity. But combined with othersparticularly the fact that obesity is partly gene
29、tic, and that heavier people have more childrenit amplifies the increase form other causes.1. What is the passage mainly about?A) Effects of obesity on peoples health B) The link between lifestyle and obesity C) New explanations for the obesity epidemic D) Possible ways to combat the obesity epidemi
30、c2. In the US Nurse Health Study, women who slept an average of 7 hours a night_. A) gained the least weight B) were inclined to eat less C) found their vigor enhanced D) were less susceptible to illness3. The popular belief about obesity is that_.A) it makes us sleepy B) it causes sleep loss C) it
31、increases our appetite D) it results from lack of sleep4. How does indoor heating affect our life?A) it makes us stay indoors more B) it accelerates our metabolic rate C) it makes us feel more energetic D) it contributes to our weight gain5. What does the author say about the effect of nicotine on s
32、mokers?A) it threatens their health B) it heightens their spirits C) it suppresses their appetite D) it slows down their metabolism 6. Who are most likely to be overweight according to Katherine Fergals study? A) heavy smokers B) passive smokers C) those who never smoke D) those who quit smoking7. A
33、ccording to the US National Center for Health Statistics, the increased obesity in the US is a result of_.A) the growing number of smokers among young people B) the rising proportion of minorities in its population C) the increasing consumption of high-calorie foods D) the improving living standards
34、 of the poor people8. According to the US National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, the reason why older mothers children tend to be obese remains _. 9. According to Michael Symonds, one factor contributing to the obesity epidemic is decrease of _. 10. When two heavy people get married, chances of t
35、heir children getting fat increase, because obesity is _. Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both t
36、he conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centr
37、e.11. A) He is quite easy to recognize B) He is an outstanding speaker C) He looks like a movie star D) He looks young for his age12. A) consult her dancing teacher B) take a more interesting class C) continue her dancing class D) improve her dancing skills13. A) the man did not believe what the wom
38、an said B) the man accompanied the woman to the hospital C) the woman may be suffering from repetitive strain injury D) the woman may not followed the doctors instructions14. A) they are not in style any more B) they have cost him far too much C) they no longer suit his eyesight D) they should be cl
39、eaned regularly15. A) he spilled his drink onto the floor B) he has just finished wiping the floor C) he was caught in a shower on his way home D) he rushed out of the bath to answer the phone16. A) fixing some furniture B) repairing the toy train C) reading the instructions D) assembling the bookca
40、se17. A) urge Jenny to spend more time on study B) help Jenny to prepare for the coming exams C) act towards Jenny in a more sensible way D) send Jenny to a volleyball training center18. A) The building of the dam needs a large budget B) The proposed site is near the residential area C) The local pe
41、ople feel insecure about the dam D) The dam poses a threat to the local environmentQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A. It saw the end of its booming years worldwide B. Its production and sales reached record levels. C. It became popular in some foreign countri
42、es D. Its domestic market started to shrink rapidly.20. A. They cost less. C. They were in fashion. B. They tasted better. D. They were widely advertised.21. A. It is sure to fluctuate. C. It will remain basically stable. B. It is bound to revive. D. It will see no more monopoly Questions 22 to 25 a
43、re based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A. Organising protests C. Acting as its spokesman. B. Recruiting members D. Saving endangered animals.23. A. Anti-animal-abuse demonstrations B. Anti-nuclear campaigns C. Surveying the Atlantic Ocean floor D. Removing industrial waste.24. A. By ha
44、rassing them. C. By taking legal action. B. By appealing to the public D. By resorting to force.25. A. Doubtful C. Indifferent. B. Reserved D. Supportive Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage a
45、nd the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have
46、 just heard.26. A. The air becomes still. C. The clouds block the sun. B. The air pressure is low. D. The sky appears brighter.27. A. Ancient people were better at foretelling the weather. B. Sailors saying about the weather are unreliable. C. People knew long ago how to predict the weather. D. It w
47、as easier to forecast the weather in the old days.28. A. Weather forecast is getting more accurate today. B. People can predict the weather by their senses C. Who are the real experts in weather forecast. D. Weather changes affect peoples life remarkablyPassage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the pa