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1、1,语法复习 之 数 词,2,英语语法 数词,一、概说 英语的数词可分为基数词和序数词两大类。基数词表示的是人或事物的个数，而序数词表示的是这些数目的顺序。 二、基数词 表示数目的词称为基数词，下面是最常用的基数词： 1 000 one(a)thousand 千 10 000 ten thousand 万 100 000 one(a)hundred thousand 十万 1 000 000 one(a)million 百万,3,三、数词的某些用法 1. 表示计量 表示事物的计量，即事物的长度、宽度、深度和高度，应采用基数词。如： It is 50 metres/kilometers/mile
2、s long (wide, deep, high). 它有50米/千米/英里长（宽、深、高）。 2. 表示编号 编号的数字如果过小，可用序数词或基数词表示；如果数字较大，通常用基数词表示。如： The tenth lesson=Lesson Ten 第10课 Room 405 第405号房 Page 215 第215页 No.14 Middle School 第14中学 Telephone NO.5855806 电话： 5855806,4,3. 表示不确切的数字 基数词后面直接加上复数名词表示精确的数字，而基数词复数形式加上“of” 表示不确切的数字。如： five hundred stude
3、nts 500名学生 two thousand people 2000人 five dozen pencils 5打铅笔 hundreds of students 几百名学生 millions of workers 成千上万的工人 scores of chairs 几十张椅子,5,4. 表示年龄和岁数 1）表示年龄的主要句式如下： He is a boy of 10 years old. 他是个10岁的男孩子。 He is 10 years old. 他10 岁。 He is 10(years of age). 他10 岁。 He is a ten-year-old boy. 他是个10岁的男
4、孩子。 At the age of ten, he began to learn English. 他10岁开始学英语。,6,2) 介词in+ ones twenties (thirties) 表示 “在某人20多岁（30多岁）”。如： My father is in his fifties. 我父亲50多岁。 When he was in his forties, he began to learn English. 当他40多岁时，他开始学英语 5.表示年代 表示什么世纪，什么年代时，通常在数词后加s或s，并在年代前加定冠词the ,如1980s （20世纪80年代），读作：ninetee
5、n eighties. 如： His grandfather died in the 1970s/1970s。 他爷爷死于20世纪70年代。,7,6. 表示分数 分数的表达方式是：分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子是one时，分母不必加s; 分子大于one时，分母要加s.如： a(=one) third 三分之一 one fifth 五分之一 two thirds 三分之二 three fourths 四分之三 Two thirds of the trees were cut down the years ago. 10年前三分之二的树木被砍伐了。,8,7. 表示百分数 百分数的表达方式是： 基
6、数词+ percent（单数形式）+of+名词。如： Thirty percent of the students in my class _(be)from cities. 我班30%的学生来自城市。 About 61 percent of the surface _(be) covered by water. 大约61%的表面被水覆盖着。,are,is,9,8. 表示倍数 1）“A + be + 倍数 + as + 计量形容词原级 + as + B” This tree is three times as tall as that one. 这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。 His father
7、is twice as old as he. 他父亲的年纪有他两倍大。 2）“A + be + 倍数 + 计量形容词比较级 + than + B ” The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River. 长江差不多比珠江长两倍。,10,3）“A + be + 倍数 + the + 计量名词(length/ width/ height/ weight) + of + B ” The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one. 新扩建的广
8、场是未扩建时的四倍大。 .4）“The + 计量名词 + of + A + be + 倍数 + that + of + B ” The size of the newly broadened square is four times that of the previous one. 新扩建的广场为以前的四倍大。,11,5）其它 Im twice/ double his age. 我的年龄是他的两倍。 Ive paid five times the usual price for the stamp. 我出了5倍于往常的价格买这枚邮票。 The average income of the st
9、aff has been increased by 50 percent compared with last year. 与去年相比，该单位职工的收入增加了50%。 The price of TVs are twofold（adj. 两部分的，双重的） down over these years. 近几年来，电视机的价格下降了两倍。,12,Practice: 1. Li Ping was born _. A. in the year 1984, at 10 a.m. on June 18th B. on June 18th at 10 a.m. in the year 1984 C. at
10、10 a.m. in the year 1984 on June 18th D. at 10 a.m. on June 18th in the year 1984,答案是D.英语表达时间的顺序是由小到大,13,2. David helps his mother with the housework every Saturday for about_. A. one and half hours B. a half and an hour C. an hour and half D. one and a half hours 3. The airport is _ from my hometow
11、n. A. two hours ride B. two hours ride C. two hour ride D. two hours ride,答案是D.一个半小时应表达为:an hour and a half或one and a half hours,答案是B. “数词+ hours/minutes + ride/drive/walk”为习惯表达,14,4. The hero of the story is an artist in his_. A. thirtieth B. thirty C. thirtys D. thirties 5. Shortly after the accid
12、ent, two _police were sent to the spot to keep order. A. dozen of B. dozens C. dozen D. dozens of,答案是D. in +ones+基数词的复数形式，表示 “某人多岁”,答案是C. A项的形式不对（应在dozen后加s）;数词与dozen连用时，dozen不应加s,15,6. The story happened _. A. in 1960s B. in his 60s C. in 60s D. in the 1960s 7. About _ the people of the town are wo
13、rkers. A. sixty percent B. sixty percent of C. percent sixty D. sixty percents of,答案是D. 表示年代时，在具体年代之前必须加定冠词,答案是B. 表示百分数的方式是：percent(单数形式)+of+名词,16,8. About _ of these rooms _ empty. A.two third, are B. two thirds, are C. two thirds, is D. two third, is,答案是B.表示分数时，如果基数词大于one，序数词后必须加s，因此A和D两项应先排除。根据主谓
14、一致的原则，句中的谓语动词应用复数形式。,17,9. Mary was the_ of the _ students climbed up to the top of the hill. A. nine, fourty B. nineth, fortieth C. ninth, forty D. nine, fortieth 10. He worked well and was praised _ in public. A. a second time B. twice time C. the second time D. for a second time,答案是C. 本题主要考查个别拼写特殊的基数词和序数词.,答案是A. a加序数词表示 “再” “又”,相当于 another.,