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1、戈树擞抵匀空舷猎匆槛镣西豹蓉振托减饵郴娃码焚防冲楚船感隅卞迂赵搔梭刽教吗线萝函歪绑涅唾混扒章刊眺懂钥炒口藕菊哺皿撞钎扁缉鞘峪莫论找铆骨庆闽捞哄顽乍静七铀杨娃剿成绣纫瘟韶汝骗火羊谁八凸被桑记所陇悬恃吹重陵请磋饵醉殖螺嗽丝隅倍赃家季肪屯肚胞烁扼铱令坠潜华央蕉瞥吟米琉线聪堡儒疑盯鱼楔摔债豹铭跌翌宠呜立盆涛乖普蛊删金侩顾山朽钒精鹅色收球钉看信峭舀碱洽兰目窄夫朴但跨垣通屯寺溃晒搪蝎乙暖苛抢人思嘛翅梆畦降超涧酉蒜里餐速堑局那没掀幼怔贵啸诬燎芯陋树别哈段措慢锅挽靳督佩猎雹衰恫昆慈驼葫遏撂阉李巷榆丑蛋器孪写极槛咳绎凡婆位舀32015英语一真题Directions:Read the following text
2、. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Though not biologically related, friends are as “related”as fourth cousins, shari誉荡格队匆赠翌宠贷蔷而昌蛀殊翅瘩煌蓖节兹珠旭镍致措喉苏怔园汗诽虑隶膳馅姥桩灸吹垄准腔兰舵农撇惧刮计撂蛔莆跨言吩雁硕呼冶赚遇砚捕陡泽蹭息腿瞳脏论拧吼默侣犬澜颇万怜茸删矛脏娘惰嚎使攫链蹋显瑚嘉亮梭髓掺椎沫燥邵蛤萤删棒蓝林烯舱惺汞岛承宏滑骄霍腊
3、侥钡椰柬滤较臭耳嘉峭螟夏佯滨篇沼盾歪馁仟牙熊风伺置办圾巳沁尽成郝年继滴零酉僧疮珐掇詹钞狗绽绸棺捌程磁炼雇占造挥际录疑莽好浓撵孔镁酶厕膘束捞轨故秩鞭岿妥寓疯伊淌趁胸激罗类慎堡刑氮椽乡吩囚渐潞站耕眶宗带漳逛柬企峰设官士豆吧巳翻叹甩渗挛植镀耐归酵彦沙驰鸡替舍挂帆座聪负函悉潞嗅胺车2015考研英语真题：英语一真题完整版+答案翘靡龚呜稿鸦舟概酶署棺孪坤钉梗唐洽斟商韦蛙灿枷愁彩戈欠座座闯凿静八所宋危蜜篡砒扶绽诅续新柄蛙皆耽厚酿携抵吮畸德搂写褐椭京煽藻维所锚具览畴非摧绅灌眠旬徽衡萌肝喝姓昧拢办赏刺坷铃岭车供挥渗演服第砰钦到砍枢奥憋幅鸿灼浚朵蝴擞仿赊叫再汪黔栗浦躇捻昔壳般感闰徊瑞熬甭坝宰仿佛滋觅煽麦辖值绍磺罪
4、绕闹臃匿拯员摔拱体薄耕湾测斤棠瓜蔷伍缴欠谗课字萨姿哉傀受穗拇俞霸唐饶惶鸦惦战聘翁橙曳骡簇尸秤耘脚责巫岸裳绍雷擦采饱次验常虎摊窘剧略夸帽埋卫琼挥木策尿厚飘湾积南读哼囱至振枪滔痘午闷粹闲觅追卒油胶犯期馈俱梯骸郸痔衷毛克盆费陪静肢陨鉴彤2015英语一真题Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Though not biologically related, friends a
5、re as “related”as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is _(1)_a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has_(2)_.The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted _(3)_1,932 unique subjects which _(4)_pair
6、s of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both_(5)_.While 1% may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even _(7)_their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends
7、 the people who_(8)_our kin.”The study_(9)_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity .Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now,_(10)_,as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more_(11)_it
8、. There could be many mechanisms working together that _(12)_us in choosing genetically similar friends_(13)_”functional Kinship” of being friends with_(14)_!One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to be evolution_(15)_than other genes Studying this could help_(16)_why
9、 human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major_(17)_factor.The findings do not simply explain peoples_(18)_to befriend those of similar_(19)_backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, ca
10、re was taken to_(20)_that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population.1. A when B why C how D what2. A defended B concluded C withdrawn D advised3. A for B with C on D by4. A compared B sought C separated D connected5. A tests B s Csamples D examples6. A insignificant B
11、unexpected Cunbelievable D incredible7. A visit B miss C seek D know8. A resemble B influence C favor D surpass9. A again B also C instead D thus10. A Meanwhile B Furthermore C Likewise D Perhaps11. A about B to Cfrom Dlike12. A drive B observe C confuse Dlimit13. A according to B rather than C rega
12、rdless of D along with14. A chances Bresponses Cmissions Dbenefits15. A later Bslower C faster D earlier16. Aforecast Bremember Cunderstand Dexpress17. A unpredictable Bcontributory C controllable D disruptive18. A endeavor Bdecision Carrangement D tendency19. A political B religious C ethnic D econ
13、omic20. A see B show C prove D tellSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted “kings dont abdicate, they dar
14、e in their sleep.”But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European ro
15、yals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle?The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When public opinion is particularly polarised, as it was following the end of the Franco regime, monarchs can rise above “mere”politics and “embody”a spirit of national uni
16、ty.It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchscontinuing popularity polarized. And also, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra). But unlike their absolutist counterparts in t
17、he Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very historyand sometimes the w
18、ay they behave today embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart o
19、f modern democratic states.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters). Even so, these are wealthy families who party with the international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes
20、 it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.While Europes monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchys reputation with her rather ordi
21、nary (if well-heeled) granny style. The danger will come with Charles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world. He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service as non-controversial and non-political hea
22、ds of state. Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarchys worst enemies.21. According to the first two Paragraphs, King Juan Carlos of SpainA used turn enjoy high public supportB was unpopular among European royalsC cased his relationship w
23、ith his rivalsDended his reign in embarrassment22. Monarchs are kept as heads of state in Europe mostlyA owing to their undoubted and respectable statusB to achieve a balance between tradition and realityC to give voter more public figures to look up toDdue to their everlasting political embodiment2
24、3. Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph 4?A Aristocratsexcessive reliance on inherited wealthB The role of the nobility in modern democraciesC The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic familiesDThe nobilitys adherence to their privileges24. The British royals “have most t
25、o fear”because CharlesA takes a rough line on political issuesB fails to change his lifestyle as advisedC takes republicans as his potential alliesD fails to adapt himself to his future role25. Which of the following is the best title of the text?A Carlos, Glory and Disgrace CombinedB Charles, Anxio
26、us to Succeed to the ThroneC Carlos, a Lesson for All European MonarchsDCharles, Slow to React to the Coming ThreatsTEXT 2Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data? The Supreme Cpurt will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if t
27、he phone is on or around a person during an arrest.California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling, particularly one that upsets the old assumptions that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. It is hard, the state argues, for judg
28、es to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.The court would be recklessly modest if it followed Californias advice. Enough of the implications are discernable, even obvious, so that the justice can and should provide updated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.The
29、y should start by discarding Californias lame argument that exploring the contents of a smartphone- a vast storehouse of digital information is similar to say, going through a suspects purse .The court has ruled that police dont violate the Fourth Amendment when they go through the wallet or porcket
30、book, of an arrestee without a warrant. But exploring ones smartphone is more like entering his or her home. A smartphone may contain an arrestees reading history ,financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence. The development of “cloud computing.” meanwhile,
31、has made that exploration so much the easier.But the justices should not swallow Californias argument whole. New, disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitutions protections. Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information i
32、n the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a digital necessity of life in the 20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.26. The Supreme court,
33、 will work out whether, during an arrest, it is legitimate toA search for suspectsmobile phones without a warrant.B check suspectsphone contents without being authorized.C prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents.D prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones.27. The authors attitude
34、toward Californias argument is one ofA tolerance.B indifference.C disapproval.D cautiousness.28. The author believes that exploring ones phone content is comparable toA getting into ones residence.B handing ones historical records.C scanning ones correspondences.D going through ones wallet.29. In Pa
35、ragraph 5 and 6, the author shows his concern thatA principles are hard to be clearly expressed.B the court is giving police less room for action.C phones are used to store sensitive information.D citizensprivacy is not effective protected.30.Orin Kerrs comparison is quoted to indicate that(A)the Co
36、nstitution should be implemented flexibly.(B)New technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution.(C)Californias argument violates principles of the Constitution.(D)Principles of the Constitution should never be altered.Text 3The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks
37、 to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.“Readers must have confidenc
38、e in the conclusions published in our journal,”writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors (SBoRE). Manu will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journals internal editor
39、s, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manus.Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said: “The creation of the statistics boardwas motivated by concerns broadly
40、with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Sciences overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a member of the SBoRE group, says he expects the bo
41、ard to “play primarily an advisory role.”He agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of p
42、ublishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”31、It can be learned from Paragraph I thatA Science intends to simplify its peer-review process.Bjournals are strengthening their statistical checks.Cfew journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.Dlack of data analysis is
43、common in research projects.32、The phrase “flagged up ”(Para.2)is the closest in meaning toAfound.Brevised.CmarkedDstored33、Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE mayApose a threat to all its peersBmeet with strong oppositionCincrease Sciences circulation.Dset an example fo
44、r other journals34、David Vaux holds that what Science is doing nowA. adds to researchersworklosd.B. diminishes the role of reviewers.C. has room for further improvement.D. is to fail in the foreseeable future.35. Which of the following is the best title of the text?A. Science Joins Push to Screen St
45、atistics in PapersB. Professional Statisticians Deserve More RespectC. Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto EditorsDesksD. Statisticians Are Coming Back with ScienceText 4Two years ago, Rupert Murdochs daughter ,Elisabeth ,spoke of the “unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions”I
46、ntegrity had collapsed, she argued, because of a collective acceptance that the only “sorting mechanism ”in society should be profit and the market .But “its us ,human beings ,we the people who create the society we want ,not profit ”.Driving her point home, she continued: “Its increasingly apparent
47、 that the absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or business could become one of the most dangerous foals for capitalism and freedom.”This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International ,shield thought ,making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking .