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1、Grammar and usage 1,Infinitive,M5 Unit 1,To see is to believe.,Proverb,To see is to believe. 眼见为实。,Proverb,To see is to believe. 眼见为实。,Proverb,To see is to believe. 眼见为实。,Proverb,To-infinitive,Find out the sentences with to infinitive in Secrets and lies (Para.1-Para.3),. we are very academic and li
2、ke to study, . (Line4),Find out the sentences with to infinitive in Secrets and lies (Para.1-Para.3),. we are very academic and like to study, . (Line4) . I was sure to get a good grade. (Line9),Find out the sentences with to infinitive in Secrets and lies (Para.1-Para.3),. we are very academic and
3、like to study, . (Line4) . I was sure to get a good grade. (Line9) . I must be really stupid to fail a simple math quiz! (Line11),Find out the sentences with to infinitive in Secrets and lies (Para.1-Para.3),. we are very academic and like to study, . (Line4) . I was sure to get a good grade. (Line9
4、) . I must be really stupid to fail a simple math quiz! (Line11) Afterwards, I pretended to be cheerful, . (Line12),Find out the sentences with to infinitive in Secrets and lies (Para.1-Para.3),. we are very academic and like to study, . (Line4) . I was sure to get a good grade. (Line9) . I must be
5、really stupid to fail a simple math quiz! (Line11) Afterwards, I pretended to be cheerful, . (Line12) We went to wash our hands . (Line13),Find out the sentences with to infinitive in Secrets and lies (Para.1-Para.3),. we are very academic and like to study, . (Line4) . I was sure to get a good grad
6、e. (Line9) . I must be really stupid to fail a simple math quiz! (Line11) Afterwards, I pretended to be cheerful, . (Line12) We went to wash our hands . (Line13) I begged her not to tell anyone else, .(Line14),Find out the sentences with to infinitive in Secrets and lies (Para.1-Para.3),Lets find ou
7、t together!,Lets find out together!,. we are very academic and like to study, . (Line4) . I was sure to get a good grade. (Line9) . I must be really stupid to fail a simple math quiz! (Line11) Afterwards, I pretended to be cheerful, . (Line12) We went to wash our hands . (Line13) I begged her not to
8、 tell anyone else, .(Line14),Lets find out together!,Whats the form of to infinitive?,. we are very academic and like to study, . (Line4) . I was sure to get a good grade. (Line9) . I must be really stupid to fail a simple math quiz! (Line11) Afterwards, I pretended to be cheerful, . (Line12) We wen
9、t to wash our hands . (Line13) I begged her not to tell anyone else, .(Line14),Form:,(以动词do为例）,基本形式：,Form:,(以动词do为例）,肯定式：to do,基本形式：,Form:,(以动词do为例）,否定式：not + to do (在to前加not,有时加never）,肯定式：to do,基本形式：,(1) Tell him _ the window. A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut (2) She pretend
10、ed _ me when I passed by. A. not to seeB. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen (3) Mrs. Smith warned her daughter _ after drinking. A. never to driveB. to never driver C. never drivingD. never drive,典型例题,(1) Tell him _ the window. A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut (2) S
11、he pretended _ me when I passed by. A. not to seeB. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen (3) Mrs. Smith warned her daughter _ after drinking. A. never to driveB. to never driver C. never drivingD. never drive,典型例题,(1) Tell him _ the window. A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not
12、shut (2) She pretended _ me when I passed by. A. not to seeB. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen (3) Mrs. Smith warned her daughter _ after drinking. A. never to driveB. to never driver C. never drivingD. never drive,典型例题,(1) Tell him _ the window. A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not sh
13、ut D. not shut (2) She pretended _ me when I passed by. A. not to seeB. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen (3) Mrs. Smith warned her daughter _ after drinking. A. never to driveB. to never driver C. never drivingD. never drive,典型例题,Lets shout!,I wish to be admitted by a top university! I pr
14、omise not to be lazy in the next two years! I swear never to give up in face of diffuculties! And I wish us never to be parted!,The functions of To-infinitive Page 8 (Point 1),Subject 主语、,The functions of To-infinitive Page 8 (Point 1),Subject 主语、 Object 宾语、,The functions of To-infinitive Page 8 (Po
15、int 1),Subject 主语、 Object 宾语、 Object complement 宾补、,The functions of To-infinitive Page 8 (Point 1),Subject 主语、 Object 宾语、 Object complement 宾补、 Attributive 定语、,The functions of To-infinitive Page 8 (Point 1),Subject 主语、 Object 宾语、 Object complement 宾补、 Attributive 定语、 Predicative 表语、,The functions
16、of To-infinitive Page 8 (Point 1),Subject 主语、 Object 宾语、 Object complement 宾补、 Attributive 定语、 Predicative 表语、 Adverbial 状语，,The functions of To-infinitive Page 8 (Point 1),Subject 主语、 Object 宾语、 Object complement 宾补、 Attributive 定语、 Predicative 表语、 Adverbial 状语， but not: verb 但不能单独作谓语。,The function
17、s of To-infinitive Page 8 (Point 1),1. 作主语,To read English every day is necessary.,1. 作主语,To read English every day is necessary. 动词不定式做主语时，为了句子平衡，通常 用it做形式主语，而把不定式放在谓语之后。,To read English every day is necessary. 动词不定式做主语时，为了句子平衡，通常 用it做形式主语，而把不定式放在谓语之后。 It is necessary to read English every day.,1.
18、作主语,To read English every day is necessary. 动词不定式做主语时，为了句子平衡，通常 用it做形式主语，而把不定式放在谓语之后。 It is necessary to read English every day. It is a good idea to go for a picnic today.,1. 作主语,典型例题,1.Is _ necessary to complete the design before National Day? A. this B. that C. it D. he 2. To do as many exercises
19、 as possible _ necessary before exam. A. are B. is C. have D. has 3. Its a good habit _ breakfast every day. A. had B. have C. has D. to have,典型例题,1.Is _ necessary to complete the design before National Day? A. this B. that C. it D. he 2. To do as many exercises as possible _ necessary before exam.
20、A. are B. is C. have D. has 3. Its a good habit _ breakfast every day. A. had B. have C. has D. to have,C,典型例题,1.Is _ necessary to complete the design before National Day? A. this B. that C. it D. he 2. To do as many exercises as possible _ necessary before exam. A. are B. is C. have D. has 3. Its a
21、 good habit _ breakfast every day. A. had B. have C. has D. to have,C,B,典型例题,1.Is _ necessary to complete the design before National Day? A. this B. that C. it D. he 2. To do as many exercises as possible _ necessary before exam. A. are B. is C. have D. has 3. Its a good habit _ breakfast every day.
22、 A. had B. have C. has D. to have,C,B,D,I want to see a film.,2. 作宾语,I want to see a film. 不定式做宾语时，若还带有宾语补足语，往往把 不定式放在补足语后，用it做形式宾语。例如：,2. 作宾语,I want to see a film. 不定式做宾语时，若还带有宾语补足语，往往把 不定式放在补足语后，用it做形式宾语。例如： He found it difficult to learn Chinese.,2. 作宾语,I want to see a film. 不定式做宾语时，若还带有宾语补足语，往往把
23、 不定式放在补足语后，用it做形式宾语。例如： He found it difficult to learn Chinese. We think it important to master a foreign language.,2. 作宾语,The two girls are so alike that strangers find _ difficult to tell one from the other. (2011山东) A. it B. them C. her D. that,高考真题,The two girls are so alike that strangers find
24、_ difficult to tell one from the other. (2011山东) A. it B. them C. her D. that 解析：it在此处做形式宾语，指代不定式to tell one from the other，故答案A。,高考真题,常见的后接不定式作宾语的动词有：,want, wish, hope, expect, attempt, would like plan, prepare, mean, arrange agree, promise, refuse, afford ask, beg, (ask to do 要求做) decide, determin
25、e, be determined try, manage(反义词fail), struggle, pretend,常见的后接不定式作宾语的动词有：,want, wish, hope, expect, attempt, would like plan, prepare, mean, arrange agree, promise, refuse, afford ask, beg, (ask to do 要求做) decide, determine, be determined try, manage(反义词fail), struggle, pretend,想要干,常见的后接不定式作宾语的动词有：,
26、want, wish, hope, expect, attempt, would like plan, prepare, mean, arrange agree, promise, refuse, afford ask, beg, (ask to do 要求做) decide, determine, be determined try, manage(反义词fail), struggle, pretend,想要干,早打算,常见的后接不定式作宾语的动词有：,want, wish, hope, expect, attempt, would like plan, prepare, mean, arr
27、ange agree, promise, refuse, afford ask, beg, (ask to do 要求做) decide, determine, be determined try, manage(反义词fail), struggle, pretend,想要干,同意否,早打算,常见的后接不定式作宾语的动词有：,want, wish, hope, expect, attempt, would like plan, prepare, mean, arrange agree, promise, refuse, afford ask, beg, (ask to do 要求做) deci
28、de, determine, be determined try, manage(反义词fail), struggle, pretend,想要干,问问看,同意否,早打算,常见的后接不定式作宾语的动词有：,want, wish, hope, expect, attempt, would like plan, prepare, mean, arrange agree, promise, refuse, afford ask, beg, (ask to do 要求做) decide, determine, be determined try, manage(反义词fail), struggle, p
29、retend,想要干,问问看,决定了,同意否,早打算,常见的后接不定式作宾语的动词有：,want, wish, hope, expect, attempt, would like plan, prepare, mean, arrange agree, promise, refuse, afford ask, beg, (ask to do 要求做) decide, determine, be determined try, manage(反义词fail), struggle, pretend,想要干,问问看,决定了,同意否,早打算,尽力干,常见的后接不定式作宾语的动词有：,want, wish
30、, hope, expect, attempt, would like plan, prepare, mean, arrange agree, promise, refuse, afford ask, beg, (ask to do 要求做) decide, determine, be determined try, manage(反义词fail), struggle, pretend,想要干,别装蒜,问问看,决定了,同意否,早打算,尽力干,He invited me to give a speech on Chinese history. （不定式to give a speech on Ch
31、inese history 做宾语 补足语，补充说明宾语me）,3. 作宾语补足语,注意：hope，suggest，agree，demand， arrange等动词后不能接sb.to do sth.结构,He invited me to give a speech on Chinese history. （不定式to give a speech on Chinese history 做宾语 补足语，补充说明宾语me）,3. 作宾语补足语,4. 作定语,I have a letter to post. (不定式to post做定语，修饰名词letter),4. 作定语,I have a lett
32、er to post. (不定式to post做定语，修饰名词letter) 1)做定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式 后面须有相应的介词。例如：,4. 作定语,I have a letter to post. (不定式to post做定语，修饰名词letter) 1)做定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式 后面须有相应的介词。例如： She had only a small room to live in.,4. 作定语,I have a letter to post. (不定式to post做定语，修饰名词letter) 1)做定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式 后面须有相应的介词。例
33、如： She had only a small room to live in. 翻译：我需要一支笔写字。,4. 作定语,I have a letter to post. (不定式to post做定语，修饰名词letter) 1)做定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式 后面须有相应的介词。例如： She had only a small room to live in. 翻译：我需要一支笔写字。 I need a pen to write with.,2) 试比较： Do you have anything to wash? Do you have anything to be washed?
34、,2) 试比较： Do you have anything to wash? 你有什么要洗吗？ （不定式to wash的动作执行者是you） Do you have anything to be washed?,2) 试比较： Do you have anything to wash? 你有什么要洗吗？ （不定式to wash的动作执行者是you） Do you have anything to be washed? 你有什么要（别人）洗吗？ （不定式to wash的动作执行者是别人，而不是you）,高考真题,1) I have a lot of readings _ before the e
35、nd of this term. （2010山东） A. completing B. to complete C. completed D. being completed 2) His first book next month is based on a true story. (2010 陕西) A. published B. to be published C. to publish D. being published 3) That is the only way we can imagine _ the overuse of water in students bathrooms
36、.(2010上海) Areducing Bto reduce Creduced Dreduc,高考真题,1) I have a lot of readings _ before the end of this term. （2010山东） A. completing B. to complete C. completed D. being completed 2) His first book next month is based on a true story. (2010 陕西) A. published B. to be published C. to publish D. being
37、 published 3) That is the only way we can imagine _ the overuse of water in students bathrooms.(2010上海) Areducing Bto reduce Creduced Dreduc,高考真题,1) I have a lot of readings _ before the end of this term. （2010山东） A. completing B. to complete C. completed D. being completed 2) His first book next mo
38、nth is based on a true story. (2010 陕西) A. published B. to be published C. to publish D. being published 3) That is the only way we can imagine _ the overuse of water in students bathrooms.(2010上海) Areducing Bto reduce Creduced Dreduc,高考真题,1) I have a lot of readings _ before the end of this term. （
39、2010山东） A. completing B. to complete C. completed D. being completed 2) His first book next month is based on a true story. (2010 陕西) A. published B. to be published C. to publish D. being published 3) That is the only way we can imagine _ the overuse of water in students bathrooms.(2010上海) Areducin
40、g Bto reduce Creduced Dreduc,5. 作表语,His wish is to become a lawyer. (不定式to become a lawyer在连系动词is后做表语),5. 作表语,注：当主语部分含有实义动词do，不定式作 表语可省to。,His wish is to become a lawyer. (不定式to become a lawyer在连系动词is后做表语),5. 作表语,注：当主语部分含有实义动词do，不定式作 表语可省to。,The only thing I can do is (to) wait.,His wish is to becom
41、e a lawyer. (不定式to become a lawyer在连系动词is后做表语),6. 作状语,表示目的。例如： They worked hard day and night to pay back the debt. 表示结果。例如： I hurried to the airport only to find the plane had taken off. 表示原因。例如： She felt disappointed not to see him.,With Fathers Day around the corner，I have taken some money out of
42、 the bank _ presents for my dad. Abuy Bto buy Cbuying Dto have bought,_ lose his job，Tom kept quiet about the accident. AIn order to not BIn order not to CTo not DSo as not to,With Fathers Day around the corner，I have taken some money out of the bank _ presents for my dad. Abuy Bto buy Cbuying Dto h
43、ave bought,_ lose his job，Tom kept quiet about the accident. AIn order to not BIn order not to CTo not DSo as not to,With Fathers Day around the corner，I have taken some money out of the bank _ presents for my dad. Abuy Bto buy Cbuying Dto have bought,_ lose his job，Tom kept quiet about the accident
44、. AIn order to not BIn order not to CTo not DSo as not to,With Fathers Day around the corner，I have taken some money out of the bank _ presents for my dad. Abuy Bto buy Cbuying Dto have bought,_ lose his job，Tom kept quiet about the accident. AIn order to not BIn order not to CTo not DSo as not to,(
45、1)作目的状语。不定式作目的状语既可放在句首 也可放在句尾。但为了加强语气, 也可用“so as to do” 或“in order to do”结构作目的状语。in order to既 可放在句首也可放在句尾，so as to一般不置于句首。,We were astonished _ the temple still in its original condition. Afinding Bto find Cfind Dto be find,We were astonished _ the temple still in its original condition. Afinding Bt
46、o find Cfind Dto be find,We were astonished _ the temple still in its original condition. Afinding Bto find Cfind Dto be find,(2)表原因：主语+be /feel +glad/ pleased/ sad / luckyto do (表示主语产生某种心情的原因）,The armchair is very comfortable _. Ato sit Bto sit in Csitting in Dfor sitting down We found the exercise
47、 difficult _ without the help of the English teacher. Ato be done Bto do Cto do it Dof doing,The armchair is very comfortable _. Ato sit Bto sit in Csitting in Dfor sitting down We found the exercise difficult _ without the help of the English teacher. Ato be done Bto do Cto do it Dof doing,The armchair is very comfortable _. Ato sit Bto sit in Csitting in Dfor sitting down We found the exercise difficult _ without the help of the English teacher. Ato be done Bto do Cto do it Dof doing,注：用于“主语be形容词不定式”结构。该 结构中的形容词有：easy，difficult，hard，comfortable，fit，convenient，pleasant等，不定式