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1、.,定语从句讲与练,1.定义：,在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句,2.先行词：,被修饰的名词或代词,3.关系代词、关系副词：,引导定语从句的词,关系代词：,关系副词：,Who, whom, whose, which, that等,When, where, why等,指代,所做成分,是否可省略,that,人；物,主语；宾语,作宾语可省,which,物,主语；宾语,作宾语可省,who,人,主语；宾语,作宾语可省,whom,人,宾语,可省,whose,人；物,定语,不可省,关系代词的用法,关系副词的用法,指代,所做成分,是否可省略,when,时间,状语,否,where,地点,状语,否,why,原因,状
2、语,否,限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句,限定性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开,非限定性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，没有这种从句不影响主句意思完整.一般用逗号把主句和从句分开,引导词：关系代词和关系副词，作宾语时一些关系代词可以省略,引导词：who,whom,whose,which,of which,when,where等，不用that,不能省略,考点一：只能用that引导定语从句的几种情况,1)先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等.,2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时。,3）先
3、行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修饰。,4）先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时。,5）先行词既有人又有物时。,6）当句中已有who时，为避免重复。,7）用作关系代词，修饰表示时间的名词，如day,time,moment等，代替when.,8)如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系词已用过，则另一个用that.,1.This is all_I know about the matter. A.that B.what C.who D.whether 2Is there anything else_you r
4、equire? A.which B.that C.who D.what 3.The last place _we visited was the Great Wall. A.which B.that C.where D.it,A,B,B,4.He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school. A.which B.that C.it D.whom 5.This is one of the best books_. A.that have ever been written B.that
5、has ever been written C.that has written D.that have written 6.There is no dictionary_you can find everything. A.that B.which C.where D.in that,B,A,C,7.He wrote a letter to me,telling me everything_ he saw on the way to the Paris. A.what B.that C.which D.where 8.Is oxygen the only gas_helps fire bur
6、n? A.that B./ C.which D.it 9.Is there anything_to you? A.that is belonged B.that belongs C.which belongs D.that belong,B,A,B,10.The scientist and his achievements_you told me about are admired by us all. A.which B.that C.who D.whose 11.Which of the books_were borrowed from him is the best? A.which B
7、.what C.that D.whose,B,C,考点二：介词+关系代词,* “介词 + which/whom”可用来限定名词、代词、分数词、数词等。 e.g. 1. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help. A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom 2. He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, most of _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year. A. t
8、hese B. those C. that D. which,D,D,关系代词前介词的确定,1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会： e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles? 2. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如： e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which Im sure. 3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会： e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was fou
9、nded.,关系代词前介词的确定,4.非限制性定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词 + of + 关系代词”的结构，如： e.g. There are 50 students in our class, two-thirds of whom have been to Beijing.,关系代词前的介词的确定,5. Whose从句可转换为“ of +关系代词”型，如： e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south.,They lived in a house, of which the door opens to
10、 the south. They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south.,Can you work them out?,Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions: 1. The sun gives us heat and light, _ which we cant live. 2. The student _ whom we were talking just now is the best student in our class. 3. Ill never forget t
11、he day _ which she said good-bye to me. 4. Who can give me the reason _ which he hasnt turned up yet?,for,about,on,without,1.Do you know who lives in the building_there is a well? A.in front of it B. in front of whose C.in front of which D.in front which 2.Ill never forget the day_I joined the Leagu
12、e. A.on which B.in which C.which D.at which 3.The woman_my brother spoke just now is my teacher. A. who B.to whom C.to who D whom 4.Jeanne was her old friend,_she borrowed a necklace. A.from who B.from whom C.to that D.to whom,C,A,B,B,5.His glasses,_he was like a blind man,fell to the ground and bro
13、ke its leg. A.which B.with which C.without which D.that 6.she is a teacher of much knowledge,_much can be learned. A.who B.that C. from which D.from whom 7.He built a telescope_he could study the skies. A.in which B.with that C.through which D. by it 8.Do you know the reason_he was late? A.that B.wh
14、ich C.for what D.for which,C,D,C,D,9.I have bought two ballpens, _writes well. A.none of which B.neither of which C.none of them D.neither of them 10.The Second World War_millions of people were killed in 1945. A.during which B.in that C.where D.on which 11.China has many rivers,_the Changjiang Rive
15、r is the longest. A.Which B. in which C.among which D. one of which 12.This is the very knife_I used to cut apples yesterday. A.that B.by which C.which D.with which,B,A,C,D,13.The speed_which you drive your car mustnt be too high. 14.In the park there are many flowers,the colour_which is bright and
16、nice. 15.The little girl is reading a book,_which there are many pictures. 16.What were the things_which he was not too sure? 17.They held a meeting,_which the hospital director made a speech.,at,of,in,about,at,18.The book,_which he paid 6 yuan,is worth reading. 19.Is this the man_whose house the po
17、lice foundthe lost coloured TV? 20.The villagers dug along tunnel_ which they could go to the fields without being found by the Japanese soldiers. 21.Wu Dong,_ whom I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much. 22.The stories about Long March,_which this is one example,are well written.,for,in,throug
18、h,with,of,考点三：as与which引导的定语从句,两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用as。 1. 关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。 e.g. As we all know, the earth is round. 2. 当与such或the same连用时，一般用as。 e.g. Such books as you tell me are interesting. I have the same plan as you.,4. as在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如be known，be said，be reported等，如从句中行为动词是主动
19、语态，一般要用which作主语。 e.g. She has been late again, as was expected. Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.,1._was natural,he married Jenny. A.Which B.That C.This D.As 2.Such signs_we use in the experiment_ Greek letters. A.as ,are B.as,is C.that,are D.that,is 3.I passed him a large glass of w
20、hisky,_ he drank immediately . A.that B.as C.which D.who 4.She is very good at dance,_everybody knows. A.that B.which C.who D.as,D,A,C,D,5.It was raining,_was a pity. A.what B.that C.the which D.which 6._has been said above,grammar is a set of dead rules. A.Which B.What C.That D.As 7.We do the same
21、work_they do. A.which B.as C.than D.like,D,D,B,考点四:关系副词的运用,在限定性和非限定性从句中，when的先行词是时间名词，where的先行词是地点名词，why的先行词是原因名词，分别在定语从句中做状语。 e.g.1. After living in Paris for 50 years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child. A. which B. where C. that D. when 2. It was an exciting moment for these peo
22、ple this year, _ for the first time their team won the World Cup. A. that B. while C. which D. when,B,D,在实践中要注意定语从句与其它从句的结构上的细微差别,能够正确区分使用它们.,考点五:,1A.Is this the factory_you visited last year? B.Is this factory_you visited last year? a.that b.where c.in which d.the one 2.A.Mr Smith is one of those f
23、oreigners who_working in China. B. Mr Smith is the only one of those foreigners who_working in China. a.is b.has c.have d.are 3.A.Dont discuss questions such_those. B.Lets discuss only the questions_ we are interested in. a.which b.that c.as d.about which,a,d,d,a,c,b,4.A. All_I need is a good rest.
24、B. _I need is a good rest. a.What b.All what c.that d.Which 5.A.Pisa is a city, _ has a leaning tower. B.Pisa is a city,_there is a leaning tower. a.which b.that c.where d.there 6.A.This is the place_we visited last year. B.This is the place_we worked last year. a.which b.where c. in that d.there,c,
25、a,a,c,a,b,7.A.The news_he told us was very exciting. B.He has brougt us the news_our team has won the game. a.what b.as c.that d.where 8.It is in a box_I have hidden my money. Well go_we are needed. a.that b.in which c.where d.in it,c,c,a,c,Correct the sentences:,1. Im using the pen which he bought
26、it yesterday. 2. Is that factory which your father once worked in? 3. The man whom I spoke is from Canada. 4. July 1,1999 is the day when well never forget.,_,(去掉),which,_,to,the one,Correct the sentences:,5. I still remember the holidays I stayed with them. 6. Im going to work in the hospital where
27、 needs me. 7. Those that havent been to the West Lake will gather at the school gate. 8. I dont like the way which you talked to your friend.,in,when,_,who,_,(that/which),Correct the sentences:,9.This is the last time when Ive given you lessons. 10. Soon they came to a farm house,and in front of whi
28、ch sat a small boy. 11. We heard the news which our team won the game. 12. The reason which he explained it sounds reasonable.,_,that,_,that,_,why,it,_,Correct the sentences:,13. Those at the desk want to buy tickets write down your names. 14. That was the reason because she looked old. 15. Miss Che
29、n is the only one of the few teachers who give us wonderful English lessons in our school. 16. Taiwan, that we know, belongs to China.,as,who,_,_,_,gives,why,Correct the sentences:,17. It is the one of the best films that have been shown recently. 18. The third place which we are going to visit is H
30、angzhou. 19. Which is known to all, many satellite are going around in the sky. 20. The students and things which you spoke of are known to us.,that,_,_,has,As,that,_,_,Correct the sentences:,21.Einstein is such a great scientist that we must learn from. 22. The student whos book I had borrowed didnt come to school today. 23. Who is the worker who took some pictures of the factory. 24. The bike by which I travelled was his.,as,_,Whose,_,that,_,on,_,THE END,