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1、室内设计师室内装饰设计要素原则（Interior designers principles of interior design elements）I. interior design elements1. spatial factors. The rationalization of space and the beauty of peoples feelings are the basic tasks of design. A new image must have the courage to explore the timestechnology giving space, do no
2、t rigidly adhere to the space image formed in the past.2. color requirements. Besides the influence on the visual environment, interior color also influences peoples mood and psychology directly. Scientific coloring is good for work and good for health. Proper color processing, not only can meet the
3、 functional requirements, but also achieve beautiful results. In addition to the general rules of color, interior colors vary with the changes in the aesthetic standards of the times.3. lighting requirements. Human beings love the beautiful scenery of nature, and often introduce sunlight directly in
4、to the interior to eliminate the dark feeling and the sense of closeness in the room, especially the light and soft scattering light, which make the interior space more cordial and natural. The transformation of light and shade makes the room more colorful and gives people a variety of feelings.4. d
5、ecorative elements. Indoor integral space in the indispensable architectural components, such as pillars, walls, etc., combined with the need to be decorated, can constitute a perfect indoor environment. Make full use of the different characteristics of the texture of the decorative materials, can o
6、btain a variety of different styles and the end of the indoor artistic effect, but also reflects the historical and cultural characteristics of the region.5. furnishings elements. Indoor furniture, carpets, curtains and so on, are the necessities of life, and its styling often has furnishings featur
7、es, most of which play a decorative role. Practical and decorative two should be coordinated with each other, and the functions and forms of unity and change, so that indoor space comfortable, decent, full of personality.6. green factors. Greening in interior design is an important means to improve
8、indoor environment. The indoor flowers planted trees, using green and sketches to communicate indoor environment, expand the sense of interior space and beautify the space plays a positive role.Two. Basic principles of interior design1. interior design to meet the use of functional requirementsThe i
9、nterior design is to create a good environment for the purpose of indoor space, to meet the people in the first place for production, life and work, rest in the room, so in the interior design to fully consider the use of functional requirements, make the indoor environment comfortable, reasonable a
10、nd scientific; to consider peoples activity to handle the space the relationship between space, size, space ratio; reasonable allocation of furnishings and furniture, and properly solve the indoor ventilation, lighting and lighting, indoor tone overall effect.2. interior design to meet mental and fu
11、nctional requirementsWhile considering the functional requirements, interior design should also consider the requirements of mental function (visual reflection, psychological feelings, artistic infection, etc.). The interior design is to affect the spirit of peoples emotions, and even affect peoples
12、 will and action, so in order to understand the characteristics and rules of peoples emotion and the will of the people; interaction between human and environment. Designers should use various theories and methods to impact the emotion of people and sublimate it to achieve the desired design results
13、. If the indoor environment can highlight some ideas and artistic conception, then it will have a strong artistic appeal, and give better play to its spiritual function.3. interior design to meet modern technical requirementsThe innovation of architectural space is closely related to the innovation
14、of structural modeling. The two should coordinate and unify the image of China and America, and integrate art and technology. This requires interior designers must have the necessary structure type knowledge, familiar with and grasp the structure of the system performance, characteristics. Modern in
15、terior decoration design, it is in the scope of modern science and technology, to make interior design better meet the requirements of spiritual function, we must make full use of the latest achievements of modern science and technology.4. interior design to meet regional characteristics and nationa
16、l style requirementsAs people live in different geographical, geographical and climatic conditions, the living habits of different nationalities and cultural traditions are different, there is a big difference in architectural style. China is a multi-ethnic country, the regional characteristics of d
17、ifferent ethnic groups, national character, customs and cultural accomplishment and other factors make interior decoration design is different. Design should have different styles and characteristics. We should reflect the characteristics of ethnic groups and regions so as to arouse peoples national
18、 pride and self-confidence.Three. Interior design points:The interior space is made up of the ground, the wall and the top surface so as to determine the size and shape of the interior space. The purpose of interior decoration is to create a suitable and beautiful indoor environment. The ground floo
19、r and wall surface of indoor space are the background of setting off people and furniture and furnishings, and the difference of the top surface makes the interior space more changeable.(1) decoration of base surface - floor decoration;The base that is very important in the scope of peoples horizon,
20、 the ground floor and one more contact, horizon is near, but in a dynamic change, is one of the important factors of interior decoration, to meet the following principles in design:1, the base surface should be in harmony with the overall environment, learn from each other, set off the atmosphere.Fr
21、om the overall environmental effect of space, the base surface should be coordinated with the ceiling and wall decoration, and indoor furniture, furnishings and so on to play a role in setting off each other.2, pay attention to the division of the ground pattern, color and texture features.Ground pa
22、ttern design can be broadly divided into three cases: the first is to emphasize the independent integrity of the design itself, such as conference room, the use of cohesive patterns to show the importance of the meeting. Color should be coordinated and conference space, get quiet and concentrate on
23、the effect; the second is continuous and rhythmic pattern emphasizes the sense of a certain sexual orientation and the law, lobby for, and used the aisle space; the third is abstract, emphasizing the pattern of free and changeable, free and active, used for free irregular or space layout.3, to meet
24、the building floor structure, construction and physical performance needs.The base decoration should pay attention to the structure of the ground floor, in the premise of ensuring safety, given the construction and construction convenience not just a one-sided pursuit of design effect, need to be co
25、nsidered at the same time such as moisture-proof, waterproof, heat insulation and other physical properties.The base in the form of various kinds, such as: wood floors, wood block floor, terrazzo floor, plastic floor, cement floor and so on, many design patterns, rich colors, design with the entire
26、line of the space environment, complement each other, in order to achieve good results.(two) wall decoration.Indoor visual range, the wall and the vertical line of sight, in the most obvious position, at the same time the wall is often contact parts, so the wall decoration is very important for inte
27、rior design, to meet the following design principles:1, integrity.Wall decoration, we should fully consider the unity of the other parts of the room, to make the wall and the entire space as a unified whole.2, physical.The wall area in the indoor space is larger, more major status, higher requiremen
28、ts for indoor space of noise, thermal and fire protection requirements because of the nature of the use of space vary, such as hotel rooms, some high, but generally the canteen, low some.3, artistic.In the indoor space, metope adornment effect, rendering to beautify the indoor environment plays a ve
29、ry important role in the shape of the wall partition pattern, texture and the indoor atmosphere are closely related, for the creation of interior space art effect, art wall itself can not be ignored.The choice of decorative forms on the wall should be based on the above principles, the form of the f
30、ollowing categories: plaster decoration, decorative veneer, brushing decoration, coil decoration. Here focus on the decorative sheet, with the development of industry, more and more material can be used to decorate the walls such as: plastic wallpaper, wall cloth, glass fiber cloth, artificial leath
31、er, leather and so on, these materials are characterized by the use of a wide range of flexible, color variety, good quality, convenient construction, moderate price. Rich and colorful decorative effect, is widely used in interior design materials.(three) ceiling decoration.The roof is an important
32、part of interior decoration, interior space decoration is the most rich change, attractive interface, its strong sense of perspective, through different processing, with lighting design to enhance the appeal of space, so that the top surface shape of rich and colorful, beautiful and novel.1. design
33、principles.(1) we should pay attention to the overall environmental effect.The ceiling, wall and ground surface make up the interior space together, and create the indoor environment effect together. In the design, we should pay attention to the coordination and unification of the three, and have th
34、eir own characteristics on the basis of unity.(2) the top decoration should meet the requirements of beautiful appearance.Generally speaking, the effect of interior space should be heavy and light, so we should pay attention to the top decoration, and strive to be simple, complete, prominent, and at
35、 the same time, the style should have light pleasure and artistic feeling.(3) the top surface decoration shall ensure the rationality and safety of the top surface structure.Can not simply pursue styling and ignore safety.2, top design form.(1) flat ceiling. The ceiling has the advantages of simple
36、structure, simple and elegant appearance and convenient decoration, and is suitable for classrooms, offices, exhibition halls, etc. the artistic appeal of the utility model comes from the organic configuration of the shape, the texture, the pattern and the lamps of the top surface.(2) concave convex
37、 ceiling. This kind of ceiling is magnificent and colorful and has a strong stereoscopic feeling. It is suitable for ballroom, dining room, lobby and so on,Attention should be paid to the relationship between the primary and secondary layers and the height difference. It is not appropriate to change
38、 too much. It is necessary to emphasize the rhythm and sense of rhythm as well as the artistry of the whole space.(3) suspended ceiling. Hanging various folded plate, flat or other forms of the ceiling below the roof supporting structure, which is often the top in order to meet the acoustic and ligh
39、ting requirements or to pursue some special decorative effect, commonly used in the gymnasium, cinema and so on. In recent years, this form is also used in restaurants, cafes, shops and other buildings in the roof, make people have special aesthetic and taste.(4) well pattern ceiling. It is a combin
40、ation of beam form, as well as the relationship between the primary and secondary beam cross beams, with a ceiling, lighting and decorative plaster pattern is simple and generous, strong sense of rhythm.(5) glass ceiling. Modern large-scale public buildings such as the lobby, the central hall and ot
41、her commonly used forms, mainly to solve the large space lighting and indoor greening needs, so that indoor environment more natural and interesting, and increase vitality for the large space. They usually have dome shaped, conical and polygonal shapes.In a word, interior decoration design is a comp
42、rehensive subject, which involves sociology, psychology, environment science and so on. There are many things that need us to explore and study. This article mainly elaborated the interior decoration design basic principle and the design method, hoped that can discuss with the design colleague, not the correct place, earnestly requests criticism.