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1、Day 5 阅读理解 (5)( 议论文 )Passage 1文体：议论文词数： 326限时： 6 分钟I log onto a computer at the doctor s officesayto I have arrivedand then wait until a voice calls me into the examination room.There, a robotic nurse directs me onto a device and then takes my blood pressure. Some time later, in steps the doctor, wh
2、o is also a robot.He notes down my symptoms and gives me a prescription( 处方 ). I pay for my visit using a credit card machine and return home without having met another human being.When I call my dentis t s office and actually get a human being on the line, I am thrilled. And when I see the introduc
3、tion of yet more self-service checkout stations at the grocery store, I feel like shouting,“ When it comes to cashiers, make mine human, please!”After all, human cashiers sometimes give you a store coupon(优惠券) for items you are buying. Even more than that, real-life cashiers often take an interest i
4、n particularly cute children, which can brighten a youngmother s day. A cashier may also show compassion(同情 ) for an elderly person struggling to get that last penny out of her purse.What technological device would do, any of this?I don t want toback to the Stone Age, but I malso worried about a wor
5、ldrun bymachines. Sometimes when you re chatting with someone, you discoverthings you need to know. Maybe a receptionist needs prayers said for a sick child. Maybe a salespersoncan offer a bit of encouragement to a customer who is feeling tired.Machines can be efficient and cost-effective and they o
6、ften get the job done just fine. But they lack an element so important to everyday life.Call it the spirit, the soul or the heart. It is something no machine will ever have. It is being human that prompts us to smile at others, which may be what they need at that moment.1.What s the author s purpose
7、 in writing the first two paragraphs? A.To indicate high technology can make our future life very easy.B.To describe a possible future scene where robots take control of our life.C.To warn readers of the possible dangers of robotic nurses and doctors. D.To predict how technology can affect the way w
8、e see a doctor in thefuture.2.Why does the author prefer being served by humans rather than by robots?A.Robots are indifferent and emotionless.B.Robots can t provideefficient services.C.Robots don t offer to give store coupons.D.Robots are unable to do a job as well as humans.3.What s the author s a
9、ttitude toward machines?A.He wishes one day they would come to life.B.He is absolutely against their existence in his life.C.He doesn t like they get involved in his life too much.D.He is afraid they would take the place of human beings.Passage 2文体：议论文词数： 379限时： 8 分钟In a class this past December, af
10、ter I wrote some directions on theboard for students about their final examination, one young womanquickly took a picture of the board using her smart phone. When I lookedin her direction, she apologized,“ Sorry. Was it wrong to take a picture?“ I can t read my own handwriting，” the young woman expl
11、ained.“ It s best if I take a picture of your writing so I can understand the notes.That remark started a class-wide discussion about taking a pictureinstead of taking notes. For those in the photo-taking camp, motivations extended beyond their inability to comprehend their own handwriting. Some too
12、k pictures of notes becausethey knew their phone was a safe place to store material. They might lose paper, they reasoned, but theywouldn loset their phones. Some took photos because they wanted to record exactly the manner in which I had noted information on the board.Others told me that during cla
13、ss they liked to be able to listen to the discussion attentively.Yet the use of cameras as note takers, though it may be convenient, does raise significant questions for the classroom. Is a picture an effective replacement for the process of note-taking?Instructors encourage students to take notes b
14、ecause the act of doing so is more than merely recording necessary informationit helps prepare the way for understanding. Encouraging students to take notes may be an old-fashioned instructional method, but just because a method has a longhistory doesn meant it outs of date. Writing things down enga
15、ges a student brains in listening, visual, and kinesthetic(触觉的 ) learninga view supported by a longstanding research. The act of writing down information enables a person to begin committing it to memory, and to process and combine it, establishing the building blocks of learning new concepts.Taking
16、 a picture does indeed record the information, but it deletes some of the necessary mental engagement that taking notes employs. So can the two be equally effective?I m not sure how to measure the effectiveness of either method. Fornow, I allow students to take notes however they see fithandwritten
17、or photographedbecause I figure that some notes, no matter the method of note-taking, are better than none.1.The woman apologized in the class because she _.A.took a picture of the boardB.missed the teachers directionsC.had the bad handwritingD.disturbed other students learning2.Students refuse to t
18、ake notes by hand because _.A.they are unable to take notesB.they are more likely to lose notesC.they are interested in using their phonesD.they have a good memoryof teachers instructions 3.According to the passage, taking notes by hand _. A.requires students to think independentlyB.is unsuitable fo
19、r students to learn new ideasC.helps students actively participate in learningD.proves to be an old and useless learning method4.What s the author s opinion toward taking notes by phones?A.Supportive.B.Neutral.C.Doubtful.D.Disapproving.Passage 3文体：议论文词数： 396限时： 9 分钟“ Extra!Extra!Gasoline hits four d
20、ollars a gallon!”No one will really be shocked except, perhaps, the old-timers who tell about the good old days when gas was three gallons for a dollar, andpeople drove around“ just for the itfun”of. As a matter of fact, the priceof gas has been rising fast and steadily for several years, and manyad
21、justments have already been made.There was, for a time, considerable unemployment in the auto industry, and three quarters of the garages and service stations have gone out of business. However, the bicycle and motor-scooter business hasflourished(兴旺 ), and many people have found employment there. N
22、ow that Federal Motors has brought out its new Lilliput, whichtravels forty miles on a gallon, the auto business is picking up again. The factories that haven switched over to two-wheel transportation are working on their new smaller models. There is talk, too, about bringing out new steam and elect
23、ric automobiles that will be just as economical as the old cars.In the meantime, streetcars are gradually replacing buses all over the country because of the greater economy of electric power. And many people who have seldom used public transportation are now riding thestreetcars while their automob
24、iles rust(生锈 ) in their garages.There nos market at all for the big, luxurious cars, for only the wealthy can now afford to operate them. Many people are now shoppingin their own neighborhood, and small businesses are thriving.Ministers, educators, and editorial writers are pointing out that there h
25、as been a great improvement in family life. Families now stay at home more for fun, and children and parents are becoming better acquainted. The stores report a booming business in parlor games, hobby materials, books, musical instruments and albums.People have lost their pale indoor look. The reviv
26、al of the lost art of walking has brought a healthy pink back to many a cheek. This return tothe heels has revolutionized the clothing stylespeople now need to be ready for all kinds of weather.These conditions, however, may not last. Already our clever chemists are at work on new synthetic fuels wh
27、ich, they say, will put usright back where we wereon wheels. Shall we wish them success or not?1.Which of the following is NOT a result of the gas price rising? A.More people prefer to travel on public transportation which costs lessthan driving cars.B.People return to the traditional exercise of wa
28、lking, which helps them to look healthier.C.People shop in nearby stores without having to drive, so small businesses are declining.D.The auto industry has been forced to develop new models which aremore economical.2.The purpose of writing this passage is _.A.to show the chain reaction of the rising
29、 gas priceB.to discuss whether it s necessary to work on new fuelsC.to warn people not to use too much gasolineD.to picture what life will be like if gas runs out3.What is the best title for this passage?A.New Fuels on the WayB.Cars or Bicycles, That Is a QuestionC.End of the Good Old DaysD.From Whe
30、els to Heels答案及解析Passage 1【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。 作者通过描述一个全部由机器人负责的诊病场景来引起话题， 并提出自己的观点： 虽然机器极大地方便了我们的生活， 但是我们不能过分地依赖机器，人与人之间的交流绝对不能被机器替代。1.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段第二句but Im also worriedabout a world run by machines.可知，作者关注机器与人类的关系，担忧人的生活被机器控制。 开篇的那个情景就是作者描述的未来全部由机器人负责的诊病场景。故选B 项。2.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第六段以及第七段的第一、二句 Callit
31、 the spirit，the soul or the heart.It is something no machine will everhave.可知，机器虽然高效，成本低， 能胜任工作， 但它们没有精神和心灵，是冷酷无情的。故选A 项。3.C【解析】推理判断题。综合全文，特别是第六段Machines can beefficient and cost|effective and they often get the job done just fine.Butthey lack an element so important to everyday life.可知，机器方便了人们的工作和生
32、活， 但是机器缺少了一些日常生活的重要元素。 D 项陈述过于概括，作者并非害怕机器取代全人类， 而是不喜欢机器的冷漠无情。综合四个选项可知 C 项正确。Passage 2【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。 作者根据一次课堂上学生用手机拍下黑板上的笔记而引发思考以及全班学生的讨论。学生应该用传统的手写笔记还是用现代化的电子设备拍照记录笔记?哪个更有效果 ?1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中she apologized，“ Sorry.Was it wrong to take a picture?可知 ,那位女”士道歉是因为她把黑板上的内容拍照了。故选 A 项。2.B【解析】推理判断题。根
33、据第三段第三句和第四句Some tookpictures of notes because they knew their phone was a safe place to storematerial.They might lose paper，they reasoned，but they wouldnt losetheir phones.可以推断，因为他们认为手机是一个储存资料的安全地方。他们可能会丢掉纸张，但不会丢掉手机。故选B 项。3.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段倒数第二句Writing things downengages a studentbrains in listenin
34、g， visual，and kinesthetic(触觉的)learninga view supported by a long|standing research可.知，手写笔记可以让学生的大脑在听觉、 视觉和触觉等方面都得到运用。 故选 C项。4.B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者对于手写记笔记还是拍照记笔记两种方法到底哪个更有效也不确定。只是认为不管哪种方法，记笔记总比不记笔记要好。由此可以推断，作者的观点是中立的。故选 B 项。Passage 3【语篇导读】本文为一篇议论文。 文章讲述了油价的上升使得人们更喜欢乘坐公共汽车， 锻炼方式也回到了传统的方式，甚至连汽车行业也开始开
35、发更经济实用的车型。 由于油价上升而引起了一系列的连锁反应，作者认为这一切所带来的调整都是有益的。1.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第六段最后一句Many people are nowshopping in their own neighborhood ，and small businesses are thriving.可知，小生意是兴旺了而不是衰落了。故选C 项。2.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句As a matter of fact，the price of gas has been rising fast and steadily for several years ，andmany adjustments have already been made可.知，作者是告诉人们，油价的上升已经带来了一系列的连锁反应。故选A 项。3.D【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章主旨大意可知，由于油价的上升，人们开始乘坐公共交通工具、骑自行车甚至于步行。倒数第二段最后一句This return to the heels 以及最后一段倒数第二句willput us right back where we wereon wheels.也是告诉人们这是从车轮到脚跟的变化。 D 项很形象地点出了文章的主题。