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1、Literary Genres,文学体裁,1,技术教育,What is Genre? Genre - a category, in literature or other media, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter. For example, science fiction and fantasy are two different genres in literature.,2,技术教育,Why recognizing genres is important?,On the simplest l
2、evel, grouping works offers us an orderly way to talk about an otherwise bewildering number of literary texts. More importantly, if we recognize the genre of a text, we may also have a better idea of its intended overall structure and subject / main idea. Finally, a genre approach can deepen our sen
3、se of the value of any single text, by allowing us to view it comparatively, alongside many other texts of its type.,3,技术教育,All categories of books or stories can be called either fiction or non-fiction.,Fiction a made up story can tell about things that could happen is read for fun characters may b
4、e like real people or imaginary,Non-Fiction has facts that can be checked and proven the author is an expert on this information it IS TRUE!,4,技术教育,Can you classify the following genres into two categories, namely, fiction and non-fiction?,adventure, biography/autobiography, drama, essay, fable, fai
5、ry tale, fantasy, folklore, historical fiction, horror, humor, informational, legend, mystery, mythology, narrative nonfiction, poetry, realistic fiction, romance, science fiction, short story, speech, tall tale, thriller,5,技术教育,Adventure Drama Fable Fairy Tale Fantasy Folklore Historical Fiction Ho
6、rror Humor Legend,Mystery Mythology Poetry Realistic Fiction Romance Science Fiction Short Story Tall Tale Thriller,Fiction,6,技术教育,Non-Fiction,Biography/Autobiography Essay Narrative Nonfiction Informational (science, sports, history, economy, etc.) Speech,7,技术教育,Fiction,Adventure Stories featuring
7、physical action often around a mission usually involving killing and robbing. Many times set in forbidding locales such as jungles, deserts, or mountains. e.g. Robinson Crusoe Moby Dick,8,技术教育,Drama,Stories composed in verse or prose, usually for theatrical performance, where conflicts and emotion a
8、re expressed through dialogue and action. e.g. the four tragedies by W. Shakespeare: Hamlet, Othello, Macbeth, King Lear,9,技术教育,Fable,Narration demonstrating a useful truth, especially in which animals speak as humans; legendary, supernatural tale. e.g. Aesops Fables,10,技术教育,Story about fairies or o
9、ther magical creatures, usually for children. e.g. Fairytales written by Grimm brothers Fairytales written by Hans C. Anderson,Fairy Tale,11,技术教育,Fantasy,Fiction with strange or other worldly settings or characters; using magic and other supernatural phenomena as a primary element of plot, theme, an
10、d/or setting. e.g. The Lord of the Rings The Harry Potter Series Twilight The Chronicles of Narnia,12,技术教育,Folklore,The songs, stories, myths, and proverbs of a people or folk as handed down by word of mouth. e.g. Robin Hood Merlin http:/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_folklore,13,技术教育,Story with fict
11、ional characters and events in a historical setting. e.g. A Tale of Two Cities The Three Musketeers Little Women (by Louisa May Alcott, set in 1863 during the American Civil War),Historical Fiction,14,技术教育,Horror,Fiction in which events evoke a feeling of dread in both the characters and the reader.
12、 e.g. Frankenstein by Mary Shelley Edgar Allan Poes short stories Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde Dracula by Bram,15,技术教育,Humor,Fiction full of fun, fancy, and excitement, meant to entertain; but can be contained in all genr
13、es. e.g. Tom And Jerry The Ice Age,16,技术教育,Legend,Story, sometimes of a national or folk hero, which has a basis in fact but also includes imaginative material. e.g. The Legend of Sleepy Hollow by Washington Irving Robin Hood King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table Helen of Troy and the Troja
14、n War Odysseus,17,技术教育,Fiction dealing with the solution of a crime or the unraveling of secrets. It is often used as a synonym for detective fiction, crime fiction or thriller. e.g. Rebecca The Day of the Jackal The Thirty-nine Steps The Collected Sherlock Holmes Short Stories by Sir Arthur Conan D
15、oyle Agatha Christies detective series,Mystery / Thriller,18,技术教育,Mythology,Legend or traditional narrative, often based in part on historical events, that reveals human behavior and natural phenomena by its symbolism; often pertaining to the actions of the gods. e.g. The Roman Mythology The Greek M
16、ythology,19,技术教育,Poetry,Verse and rhythmic writing with imagery that creates emotional responses. e.g. the Homeric epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey Shakespeares sonnets poets: Alexander Pope, Robert Burns, Alfred Tennyson, John Donne, Ben Jonson, Percy Bysshe Shelley, Walt Whitman, William Bulter Ye
17、ats, John Keats, John Milton, Edmund Spencer,20,技术教育,Story that can actually happen and is true to life. e.g. Charles Dickens Mark Twain Jane Austen,Realistic Fiction,21,技术教育,Romance,Stories featuring the mutual attraction and love of a man and a woman as the main plot, and have a happy ending. e.g.
18、 Pride and Prejudice Romeo and Juliet Jane Eyre Gone with the Wind,22,技术教育,Science Fiction,Story based on impact of actual, imagined, or potential science, usually set in the future or on other planets. e.g. Jurassic Park 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea by Jules Verne Journey to the Center of the Earth
19、 by Jules Verne The Time Machine by H. G. Wells The War of the Worlds by H. G. Wells Frankenstein by Mary Shelley I, Robot by Isaac Asimov Bicentennial Man by Isaac Asimov,23,技术教育,Fiction of such brevity that it supports no subplots. e.g. The Thousand and One Nights (The Arabian Nights) Canterbury T
20、ales by Geoffrey Chaucer Rip van Winkle by Washington Irving The Legend of Sleepy Hollow by Washington Irving The Collected Sherlock Holmes Short Stories Fairytales written by Grimm Brothers The Gift of the Magi by OHenry,Short Story,24,技术教育,Tall Tale,Humorous story with blatant exaggerations, swagg
21、ering heroes who do the impossible with nonchalance. (A Tall Tale: John Henry),25,技术教育,Thriller / Mystery,Story using suspense, tension, and excitement as the main elements, climaxing when the hero finally defeats the villain, saving his own life and often the lives of others. e.g. The Count of Mont
22、e Cristo The Da Vinci Code The James Bond Series The Jason Bourne Series The Hunger Games Trilogy The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo,26,技术教育,Non-Fiction,Biography/Autobiography Narrative of a persons life, a true story about a real person. e.g. The Story of My Life by Helen Keller The Autobiography of
23、Benjamin Franklin My Life by Bill Clinton Living History by Hillary Clinton Confessions by Jean-Jacques Rousseau,27,技术教育,Essay,A short literary composition that reflects the authors outlook or point. e.g. Of Studies by Francis Bacon ,28,技术教育,Narrative Nonfiction: Factual information presented in a f
24、ormat which tells a story. Informational (science, sports, history, economy, etc.): Informational text dealing with an actual, real-life subject.,29,技术教育,Speech Public address or discourse. (video) http:/www.quoteworld.org/speeches/ (text),30,技术教育,Martin Luther King “I have a dream” Winston Churchil
25、l “We shall fight them on the beaches” Winston Churchill “Blood Sweat and Tears” President Kennedy “Man on the moon” General MacArthur “Old soldiers never die, they just fade away” American Declaration of Independence Eulogy to Diana Princess of Wales Colonel Tim Collins “Magnanimous in Victory” Lin
26、colns Gettysburg Address ,31,技术教育,Word Formation: Adj. suffixes,32,技术教育,(n.+) -ous: full of, having ,e.g. dangerous: full of danger victorious: having victory It is such a voluminous report that I am tired of reading it. She welcomed her guests in a gracious manner. Their dining room is very spaciou
27、s.,33,技术教育,e.g. foolish: being in the nature of a fool childish: having the nature of a child They made a devilish plot to kidnap the little girl and then kill her when they got the money. He has a rather womanish manner. She brought a coat with reddish fur.,(n.+) -ish: being in / having the nature
28、of ,34,技术教育,e.g. friendly: being friends lively: full of life We spent a heavenly day at the beach. He has a very brotherly manner towards the little boys. To run away at the first sight of danger is a cowardly action. I was determined on taking her away from that ungodly surroundings.,(n.+) -ly: ha
29、ving / being ,35,技术教育,e.g. musical: of music economical: of economy He drinks this medical tea for medicinal purposes. This French entomologist is noted for behavioral studies of insects. True love is unconditional.,(n.+) al / -ical: having the nature of ,36,技术教育,e.g. wooden: of wood golden: of gold We have to wear woolen clothes in the cold winter. Those earthen pots are made by the skilled man. His ashen face showed how shocked he was.,(n. +) en: of , having ,37,技术教育,