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1、精读 Unit Diogenes and Alexander,Unit4 Diogenes and Alexander,Gilbert Highet,精读 Unit Diogenes and Alexander,1 The author 2 Term 3 Questions,精读 Unit Diogenes and Alexander,About the author,Gilbert Highet(1906-1978) Was born in Glasgow, Scotland Educated in Glasgow and at Oxford 1938-1972: A Classical l
2、iterature professor In Columbia University; known for his scholarly and critical writings Writings:; the Anatomy of satire,精读 Unit Diogenes and Alexander,King of Macedonia, son of King Philip II, was a pupil of Aristotle,At the age of eighteenin the Macedonian conquest of Greece In 336BCbecome the h
3、ead of Philips Greek League. In 334BCconquered Asia Minor; defeated the Persian fleet; marched as far as India、Egypt. In 323BCdied at the age of 32,Alexander III (356-323BC),精读 Unit Diogenes and Alexander,Diogenes,A Greek philosopher One of the founders of Cynic philosophy Also known as Diogenes of
4、Sinope, Diogenes the Cynic, or Diogenes the Dog. Born in Sinope (modern-day Sinop in Turkey), a colony on the Black Sea, in 412 BC or 404 BC and died at Corinth krin (科林斯湾） in 323 BC.,精读 Unit Diogenes and Alexander,精读 Unit Diogenes and Alexander,Statue of Diogenes,The Corinthians build a pillar on w
5、hich rested a dog of marble to memorize him.,精读 Unit Diogenes and Alexander,the fundamental principles of Cynicism（犬儒主义）,1.The goal of life is happiness which is to live in agreement with Nature. 2.Happiness depends on being self-sufficient, and a master of mental attitude. 3.The road to virtue is t
6、o free oneself from any influence such as wealth, fame, or power, which have no value in Nature,精读 Unit Diogenes and Alexander,Achilles,The sculpture of Achilles,精读 Unit Diogenes and Alexander,Achilles,Achilles was the son of the mortal（凡人） Peleus（希神珀琉斯） and the Nereid（海中仙女） Thetis（希神西蒂斯）. He was th
7、e mightiest of the Greeks who fought in the Trojan War(希神特洛伊战争) , and was the hero of Homers Iliad（伊利亚特）.,精读 Unit Diogenes and Alexander,Hercules,Heracles, the son of the god Zeus(希神宙斯 ）. He is the first Hero of the ancient Greek Mythology（神话）.,精读 Unit Diogenes and Alexander,He was prestigious （受尊敬的
8、，有声望的 ）as having “made the world safe for mankind” by destroying many dangerous monsters(恶魔 ). His self-sacrifice (自我牺牲 ) obtained him the ascent（上升） to the Olympian realms （领域）and he was welcomed by the gods.,精读 Unit Diogenes and Alexander,Plato（427BC - 347),A. one of the most important Greek philo
9、sophers. B. founded the Academy in Athens, an institution devoted to research and instruction in philosophy and the sciences. C. His works on philosophy, politics and mathematics were very influencial and laid the foundations for Euclids systematic approach to mathematics.,精读 Unit Diogenes and Alexa
10、nder,Plato,精读 Unit Diogenes and Alexander,Aristotle (384322 B.C.E.) A. a Greek philosopher, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. B. physics, metaphysics, poetry, theater, music, logic, rhetoric(修辞学）, politics, government, ethics（伦理学）, biology, and zoology（动物学）. C. one of the most i
11、mportant founding figures in Western philosophy. D. create a comprehensive system of Western philosophy, encompassing morality and aesthetics, logic and science, politics and metaphysics.,精读 Unit Diogenes and Alexander,精读 Unit Diogenes and Alexander,Corinth is an ancient city about 48 miles west of
12、Athens on the narrow stretch of land that joins the Peloponnese to the mainland of Greece. Corinth was an important city in ancient Greece and it played a major role in the missionary work of the Apostle Paul.,精读 Unit Diogenes and Alexander,Mediterranean SeaThis inland sea is bordered on the north b
13、y Europe, the east by Asia, and in the south by Africa. Major subdivisions include the Adriatic Sea, Aegean Sea, Balearic Sea, Tyrrhenian Sea, Ionian Sea and Ligurian Sea.,精读 Unit Diogenes and Alexander,Iliad describes the activities of a few weeks in the tenth year of theTrojan War(final year), sai
14、d to have been fought between the Greeks and the Trojans. The background of the story and the final outcome is no direct statement.,“伊利亚特”，希腊手稿,精读 Unit Diogenes and Alexander,Questions,1. “They were not quite sure whether or not. He knew they were mad.” (para 1) Why did he think that the other peopl
15、e were mad ? Do you think Diogenes is mad? 2.Para16 What does Diogenes mean when he says that Alexander is blocking his sunlight? 3.Para17 Why did Alexander say “If I were not Alexander, I should be Diogenes”?,精读 Unit Diogenes and Alexander,Thank you!,精读 Unit Diogenes and Alexander,22,此课件下载可自行编辑修改，供参考！ 感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！,