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1、8B Unit 2 WaterP151. use v. 使用use sth. to do =use sth. for doing 用某物来做某事 be used to do =be used for doing 被用来做某事 be used to doing 习惯于做某事used to do sth. =often did sth.过去常常做某事 useful a. 有用的be useful to 对有用 useless a. 无用的P161. valuable a. 有价值的；宝贵的=precious-more valuable-most valuable value n. 价值2. gol
2、d n. 黄金；金子gold coin金币goldfish金鱼 golden a. 金（黄）色的；美好的golden ages 黄金时代3. litre n. 升two litres of water二升水 millilitre n.毫升4. day n. -daily a.每天的； =everydayadv. 每天=every day5. exercise v. 锻炼exercise regularly 有规律地锻炼 exercise n.1)exercise 泛指“锻炼”时，做不可数名词，如：take exercise 锻炼身体take more exercise 多锻炼 2)exerci
3、se 表示“体操”或“练习（题） ”时是可数名词，要用复数形式。如： do morning exercises 做早操， do eye exercises 做眼保健操do English exercises做英语练习6. amount n. 量；数量the amount of water 水的数量 a huge amount of 或 huge amounts of + 不可数名词：大量的 a large number of + 可数名词：大量的7. increase v. 增加；增多 -decrease v. 减少；减小increase by 50增加了 508. remain v. 保持；
4、留下=keep9. freeze v. 使结冰 -froze-frozen frozen a. 冷藏的；结冰的； 惊呆的frozen ground结冰的地面frozen food 冷冻食品 freezing a. 严寒的；极冷的in freezing weather在极冷的天气里10. become v. -became-become变得 +adj. become happybecome even happier11. liquid n. 液体solid n. 固体gas n. 气体harmful gases 有害的气体12. a half 或 one half 二分之一a quarter 四
5、分之一one-third 三分之一 two-thirds13. cover v. 覆盖；涉及n. 封面 be covered with v.被覆盖be covered with snow14. chemical a. 化学的a chemical change 一个化学变化n. 化学物质；化学品many chemicals 许多化学品produce a chemical 产生一种 chemistry n.化学be good at chemistry 擅长化学a chemistry book/ teacher/ lesson chemist n. 药剂师；化学家15. symbol n. =mar
6、k; sign符号；象征；标志the chemical symbol for water 水的化学符号16. putin the correct order v.把按正确的顺序排列17. flow v. -flowed-flowed流；流动flow into the sea流入大海stream n. 小溪18. rise vi. rose risen (不及物动词， 后面不可以跟名词 。后面 跟名词 的用及物动词： raise) rise =go up 上升 =stand up 起立 =get up 起床19. raise v. raised raised 提高；升高；养育；筹集raise m
7、oney for the SPCA为爱护动物协会筹钱raise your hand 举起你的手 = put up your handraise your voice 提高你的声音20. fall v.-fell-fallen跌倒；落下n. 秋天fall asleep 入睡21. feel v. -felt-felt感觉feel sleepy 感到困22. cloud n. 云 clouds pl. -cloudy adj.多云的；阴天的23. talk to me/ him =talk with me/ him跟我 / 他谈话24. 对表示天气的形容词划线用：What s the weathe
8、r like? 或 How is the weather? 提问。P171. Daisy 黛西 ( 女名 )daisy n. 雏菊2. brush (ones) teeth v. 刷牙 -brushesbrush her teethbrush your teeth3.turn on the tap v. 打开水龙头 - turn off the tap关掉水龙头 turn up v. 调高；调响 -turn down v. 调低；调轻4. be on v. 开着的；上演；亮着的The tap is on. 水龙头开着；水龙头是开着的5. pour v. 倒；涌出washbasin n. 洗脸盆
9、pour into the washbasin涌进脸盆6. vanish v. 突然消失= disappear ; go away suddenlyappear v.出现7. drain n. : a pipe or tube to let waste water flow away下水道8. vanish down the drain v.顺着下水道消失不见了9. voice n. 嗓音；说话声；语态passive voice 被动语态noise n. 噪音sound n. 声音10. say loudly v. =say in a loud voice大声地说say in a low vo
10、ice =whisper低声说11. freeze v. 惊呆 (在本课中的意思) froze frozenDaisy froze. 黛西惊呆住了。12. look around v. 环顾四周13. saw no one =saw nobody =didn tsee anyone 没有看到任何人14. waste v. 浪费n. 废品 waste time doing sth. 浪费时间做某事第 1页 What a waste of time! 多浪费时间呀！15. sound v. 听起来 (连系动词 +形容词 ) 还有： look; smell; taste; feel; turn; g
11、et; become; grow16. impatient a . :angry at having to wait不耐烦的 -patient a.耐心的；病人类似变化的还有：polite a. 有礼貌的 -impolite无礼的 politelyadv.17. sound impatient v.听起来不耐烦18. obey v. 服从；遵守obey the rules 遵守规则 =keep=followobey orders 服从命令 disobey v. 违反；不服从19.faint a . (光、声、味 ) 微弱的a faint sound 微弱的声音a faint smell 淡淡的
12、气味反义词： strong20. drop v.-dropped-dropped 落下；降低n. 滴 a drop of water 一滴水21.It is +adj. + (for sb.) +to do sth. （对某人来说）做某事是怎样的e.g. It is important for us to learn English well.对我们来说，学好英语是重要的。It s necessary to plant trees every year. 每年种树是必要的。It s not easy for me to get here.我到达这里不容易。 (get to =arrive in
13、大 / at =reach)22.It is + adj. + of sb. + to do sth. 若结构中的形容词是指不定式逻辑主语的特征、品质、能力 的，形容词后的介词就 用 “of”e.g. It s kind/ nice/ friendly of youto say so.It s clever of you to work out the maths problem.It s polite of you to wait in line.23.Do you know where I m from ? （宾语从句中 从句要用陈述句的语序 。即：wh- 词 +sb.+ 动词 +其它）e
14、.g. Could you tell me what your name is ?Do you know which is the wayto the nearest post office?你知道哪一条是去最近邮局的路吗？I wonder what s the matter withyou. 我想知道你怎么了。Do you know what s wrong with her? 你知道她怎么了吗？24.I suppose =I think 我认为25. float v. 漂浮 -floating a. 浮动的a floating restaurant n.水上餐厅float floated-
15、floated26. comfort n./ v. 安慰；（使）舒适 -comfortable a. -comfortably adv. float comfortably in a cloud v. 舒服地漂浮在一朵云里27. view n.景色；风景；视野；观点enjoy the view v.欣赏风景night views n.夜景in my view依我看come into view .v.映入眼帘28. drop into v. 把扔到；把抛入drop me into a stream v. 把我抛入一条小溪里29. speed v. -sped-sped 加快；飞跑=move qu
16、ickly; drive fast speed down the mountain v. 顺着山坡快速滑落 run at a speed of 以的 速度 行驶30. the Yangtze River n. 长江( 江、河、海前面要加定冠词the )e.g. the Huangpu Rivere.g. The Yangtze River is the third longest riverin the world.第三大河31. carry to v. 把 带（送，搬，运）到take v. 拿去；带走bring v. 拿来；带来32. relax v. （使）轻松 / 放松；减轻-relax
17、ed a. ( 感到 )轻松的；自在的-relaxing a.令人轻松的feel relaxedmake us relaxedget relaxed33. a few + 可数：一些few+ 可数：很少；不多；几乎没有a little+ 不可数：一些little+ 不可数：很少；不多；几乎没有34. It is time to do sth. =It is time for sth.是该做某事的时候了。e.g. Its time to go to shool. =It s time for school.该上学了。It s time to have lunch. =It s time for
18、lunch.该吃午饭了。It s time to have a class. =Its time for class. 该上课了。35. clean up v. 净化；弄干净36. get cleaned up v. 被净化37. puzzle v. 使迷惑；使困惑 - puzzled a. 感到困惑的 -puzzling a. 令人困惑的 e.g. Her voice sounded puzzled. 她的声音听起来很困惑。n. 智力玩具do puzzles v. 拼拼图；玩智力玩具38. journey n.-journeys pl. 路程；旅程39. treatment n. ( 净化或
19、防治 ) 处理加工 -treat v. 款待；对待；请客；治疗 trick or treat不给糖就捣蛋trick ：恶作剧、捣乱40. works n. =factory =plant工厂41. a water treatment works n.水处理厂；自来水厂42. take sb. to sp. v. 把某人带到某地(take him hometake me here 省略 to )43. thorough a. =complete完全的；彻底的-thoroughly adv.= completely adv.彻底地44. clean v./ a. -cleaning n.打扫；清洁
20、-cleaner n. 清洁工45. give me a thorough cleaning给我一个彻底的清洁give v.-gave-given46. a few chemicals n. 一些化学品 /物质chemical a. 化学的a chemical change 一个化学变化47. add sth. to v. 在某物中加入 48. pipe n. 管子；管道travel in the pipes under the streets 流入街道下面的水管里49. wait v. waiter n. waitress(es)wait for sb./ sth.等待某人 /某物wait
21、at sp. 在某地等50. the end of your journey n.你旅游的终点51. finish with sth. v.完成；用完finish with the book看完这本书finish with the water用完水finish doing sth.做完某事52. sewage n. 污水；污物a sewage plant n. 污水处理厂53. pump v. ： push by machine 用泵输送pump me into the river把我抽到河里54. be back to sp. =come/ go back to sp. =return to
22、 sp. 回到某地第 2页55. That swhere I came from in the first place.我最初就是从那里来的；那就是我最初过来的地方。56. remember (not) to do sth.记得 / 记住（不）要做某事remember doing sth. 记得做过某事；记得做某事的情形57. forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事forgot forgot/ forgottenforget doing sth.忘记做过某事-forgetfula. 健忘的 - unforgettablea. 难忘的58. precious a. 宝贵的 = valu
23、able -more precious-most preciousas precious as 像. .一样宝贵59. like liquid gold像液体的黄金一样60. mean by 意思是 What do you mean by liquid gold? 你说的“液体黄金”是什么意思？ What do you mean by saying that? 你那样说是什么意思？61. reply n./ v.回答；答复=answeranswer my letter =reply to my letter回我的信62. be gone v. 走了；不见了；离开了 had gone 是过去完成
24、时 ，由： had+ done 构成， 表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成，即：过去的过去63. come out of sp. 从某地出来64. run out of sp. 从某地跑出来P181. mean v. meant meant meaning n. 意思 -meaningfula. 有意义的 - meaningless a. 无意义的2. surprise n. 惊奇；惊喜v. 使惊讶 -surprised a. 感到惊讶的 - surprisinga. 惊人的；令人惊讶的3. look 后没有介词后+adj.look happylook surprisedloo
25、k 后有介词后 +副词e.g. look at me angrily/ look happily at him4. stop doing sth. =give up doing sth. 停止做某事（不做了） stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事（要做的）5. be able to do 能够做某事 =can do sth.be unable to do sth. 不能做某事P191. complete v. 完成 =finishadj. =thorough完全的；彻底的completely adv.P201. a little =not much2. a few= not many
26、P211. do some shopping =buy some things买些东西 belong to him 属于他The book belongs to Mary =The book is Mary s. 这本书是玛丽的。否定句： The book doesntbelong to Mary. =The book isn tMary s.2. want to know= wonder v.想知道3. She wants to know what to buy .= She wants to know what she should / will buy. 她不知道该买些什么。（ wh-
27、词 + to do =wh- 词 + sb. will/ should/ can do）4. too many+ 可数：太多too few+ 可数：太少too much+ 不可数：太多too little+不可数：太少much too+ 形容词：太怎么样much too fat 太胖P221. fry v. 油煎；油炸 fried adj.油煎的prawn(s) n. 对虾2. recipe n. 食谱；配方ingredient n. 原料3. an onion 一个洋葱3 red peppers 三个红辣椒4. 5 mushrooms 5 个蘑菇5. salt n. 盐 -salty a.
28、咸的6. much sugar n. 许多白糖7. tomato sauce 番茄酱8. cooking oil n. 烹饪油9. be similar to sth. 与某物相似10. gram n. 克 -kilogram n. 千克11. need sth. 需要某物dontneed +n. 不需要某物12. need to do sth. 需要做某事dontneed to do =donthave to do= needntdo 不需要做 P231. a one-yuan coin n. 一枚一元的硬币a one-eyed dog a one-way street 一条单行街2. gi
29、ve him a coin =give a coin to him给他一枚硬币give gave-given3. pocket money 零花钱4. rather adv. =very =quite相当would rather do宁愿做 would rather not do sth. 宁愿不做5. suddenly adv. =all of a sudden突然地6. start to do sth. / start doing sth.开始做某事start =beginat the beginning of 在 的开始7. agree with sb. 同意某人P241. be gla
30、d to do sth. 很高兴做某事e.g. Im glad to hear that.P25261. the use of water n. 水的用途use n. 用途2. be in charge of =take charge of =be responsible for负责；掌管3. present n. 礼物； 现在v. 出席 - represent v. 代表 =stand for4. ordinary a. 普通的 =usual =common5. own v. 拥有 owner n. 主人第 3页6. manage v. =run 管理 -manager n. 经理7. ex
31、plain v. 解释；说明 - explanation n.8. drink v. drank drunk 喝drinking water饮用水drinkable a. 可以饮用的9. manufacture v. 制造；大量生产 -manufacturing n. 制造业；工业10. equipment n. 设备；装备；器材11. tool n. 工具12. need water for washing =need water to wash v. 需要水來洗13. save water by (not) doing sth. 通过（不）做某事来节水14. total a. 全部的；总计
32、的15. step by step adv 一步步地；循序渐进地（用 how 提问）16. write v. -wrote-written -writer n.作者；作家17. do it alone do it by yourselfv. 独自完成a lonely old man 一个 孤独的 老人18. imagine v. 想象imagine doing sth. 想象做某事19. your twenty-fifth birthday n. 你 25 岁的生日P271. information n.信息（不可数）some informationa piece of information
33、e.g. What important information we ve got!2. that is to say 那就是说say v. said-said3. most of the water on the earth n. 地球上大多数的水4. drinkable a. 可以饮用的；可以喝的e.g. Polluted water is not drinkable.被污染了的水是不能喝的。5. human beings n. 人类 =people6. right now adv. =right away =at once =immediately立刻；马上7. for example例
34、如 （后跟句子）8. paint n. 油漆v. 漆；粉刷-painter n.画家；油漆匠-painting n.绘画；油画9. seep v. 渗透 seeped seeped10. earth n. 地球；泥土11. drinking water n. 饮用水e.g. Drinking water is for drinking.12. leak n. 泄漏出的液体13. fill v. 装满 -filled a. 装满的 -full a. 满的14. be filled with sth. v. =be full of sth.装满 /充满了某物（当表示挤满时还=be crowded
35、with ）15. in 15 minutes prep.在 15 钟后(How soon提问 )16. leave the water running v.让水流淌着leave v. left left17. may aux. might 可能18. wash the dishes v. 洗盘子19. believe it or not信不信由你20. flush v. 冲洗21. take a shower =have a shower v. 淋浴22. at least 至少=no less thanat most 最多=no more than23. almost =nearly 几乎
36、almost not =hardly 几乎不24. even+ 比较级even happier 更加快乐25. in groups of four四人一组26. get clean more easily 更容易洗 /变干净27. wash them under water 在流动的水下洗28. prefer A to B =like A better than B比起 B 来更喜欢A29. prefer v. preferred30. prefer to do sth. =would rather do sth. 宁愿做某事；偏爱做某事31. prefer doing A to doing
37、Be.g. prefer running to swimming比起游泳来更喜欢跑步32. It doesntmatter. 没关系。33. a dripping tap n. 一个滴水的龙头34. cost v. -cost cost 值；花费 cost 物花钱e.g. The book cost me 25 Yuan. pay 人花钱( paid-paid )I paid 25 Yuan for the book. 我花了 25 元买这本书。spend 人花钱( spent spent )I spent 25 Yuan on the book.take 物 /事花时(took taken)It tookme two hours to do my homework.35. spend 还可以用于花时间做某事： spend time (in) doing sth. 或 spend time on sth.e.g. It took me two hours to do my homework. =I spent two hours doing my homework.我花了两小时做功课。36. A: I m sorry.B: That s all right. / It doesn tmatter. / Never mind. / That s all right.第 4页