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1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟。祝愿天下莘莘学子：学业有成，金榜题名！语言类考试复习资料大全公共英语五级分类模拟题26(无听力原文)公共英语五级分类模拟题26(无听力原文)Part Talk 1 You will listen to a conversation between an expert of economics and a student on capitalism. As you listen, complete the following exercise. Choose the best answer. (如需获取本MP3听力录音请搜索标题名) 1. The very ess
2、ence of a capitalist economy is that _.A.the economic system works on its own without being intervened by governmentB.government still plays an important role in making economic decisionsC.individuals are the decision makers of national affairsD.individuals benefit from wisely using their labour and
3、 spending their money答案:A2. The supreme goal that firms providing goods and services pursue is _.A.wider range of goods and services to please consumersB.the highest profitC.innovationD.reallocation of resources答案:B3. According to the expert, the inequality of wealth in a society stems from the fact
4、 that _.A.consumers are overwhelmingly powerful in the economyB.individuals purchasing power is unequalC.individuals differ from one another in capabilityD.different jobs create different values in terms of profit答案:C4. _ is the solution to the problem of poverty in large cities and towns.A.Governme
5、nt welfareB.Restrictions on migrationC.More jobs for migrants from countrysideD.Population control答案:ATalk 2 You are going to listen to a talk about the power of women in economy. As you listen, complete the following exercises. (如需获取本MP3听力录音请搜索标题名) 1. Complete the following sentences with NO MORE T
6、HAN three words _ of American women of working age have a paid job now. 答案:two thirds / 2/32. In _ and _, less than half of jobs are taken by women.答案: Italy, Japan3. In developed world, female employment grows because the types of jobs demanding no _ expanded.答案: manual labour4. In Asian countries,
7、 _ are two industries in which female employment rate has reached 6080%.答案: textiles and clothing5. Answer the following questions by circling TRUE or FALSE. The more paid work women do, the less valuable the unpaid housework is. 答案:B6. Paid nannies and cleaners employed by working women contribute
8、to an increased female paid employment.答案:A7. It appears that in the developed world, women actually produce more than men do.答案:A8. Choose the best answer. Womens image in the global marketplace has changed in that they are _. A.workersB.household purchasersC.decision makersD.homemakers答案:C9. Kathy
9、 Matsuis study _.A.includes statistics about companies all over the worldB.covers every field in which women are involvedC.has been conducted for at least 10 yearsD.suggests that Goldman Sachs makes big money from stock market答案:C10. In the future, womens share of the workforce will _.A.stop to grow
10、 completelyB.increase steadilyC.be promisingD.increase in certain areas答案:DPassage Retailers Ethical Policy Growing corporate interest in ethics may be explained by emerging contemporary issues such as bio-ethics, pollution control, and environmental awareness. The ethical wave has not bypassed the
11、retailing sector and the number of retailers committed to fair trade is increasing. Specific ethical actions such as good social conduct codes or the rollout of the so-called ethical standard, SA 8000 (Carrefour-Promod), are spreading. Retailers have also defined new job positions such as Executive
12、Manager for the Environment, Import and Social Ethics Manager, or Sustainable Development Manager. Of course, retailers ethical concern is enmeshed with ulterior motives because of the huge stakes involved. Various consumer studies actually show that if a company were to seriously default on its soc
13、ial and environmental obligations, 62.7% of French consumers would be prepared to shun the purchase of its products and 51.2% would support a boycott. Against the backdrop of increasingly tough competition among retailers, the growing number of scandals and incidents of professional misconduct have
14、also generated deepseated consumer mistrust. Thus, the retailers having suffered the hardest hit by the crisis of confidence erosion have been gradually prompted to revise their business concepts. They now have to forge close ties with consumers to regain their trust. From this standpoint, ethics is
15、 an integral part of the development of a durable relationship between companies and their customers and is an inescapable approach for retailers as well. The Place of Ethics in Business Business recent interest in the concept of ethics was first triggered by in-house reasons, i.e., globalization an
16、d various corporate takeovers weakened corporate culture, and specifically led to the loss of collective bearings. The outside factor of deregulation forced companies to question their values. A company needs to create a common cultural reference and to clarify values, and also to guide or deliberat
17、ely control employee behaviors. A company will justify any acts or decisions according to moral standards and values. This translates into a formalization of ethics through ethical codes or ethics committees. However, external reasons, such as the pressure of the sociopolitical environment, also exp
18、lain the ethical approach to business. Mass consumer culture has made way for a more demanding, aesthetic and cultural consumerism. Consumers do not only take into account the material aspects of the products they purchase, but also their symbolic and cultural quality. The new attitude toward consum
19、erism is defined by the search for a social identity. Thus, the formalization of ethics fosters relations with shareholders while conveying a serious, quality image to consumers. The rollout of an ethical policy is sometimes a sincere, albeit opportunistic, reaction of businesses to prevent conflict
20、s, or to deploy conflict risk management. As companies operate within a competitive world where trade battles are won in the field of corporate image, their ethical strategies become instruments extending their power and adding value to the brand. The ethical discourse enhances the brand with an axi
21、ological content. This is a good way of avoiding the trivialization of the corporate discourse and of building a bulwark against the competition. Reasons for Integrating Ethics While retailers cannot evade the ethical pressures on companies, they are also in a difficult position as brokers between v
22、endors and consumers. Nevertheless, retailers would like to assert themselves as companies in their own right. They are no longer working to convey the image of their suppliers products but are seeking to forge their own image and establish their position with regard to their competitors. For instan
23、ce, aside from the banner store supply, a retailer will also offer a product supply to consumers as a means of differentiating itself from rival businesses and of strengthening consumers perceived image of the retailer. According to J. Gulbert, who is in charge of the Carrefour advertising budget at
24、 BETC Euro RSCG, The notion of responsibility has become an engine that drives in-store attendance in the same way as low prices do. Carrefour had not thought of communicating on this topic; we suggested it. A business discourse can no longer be called such if it does not include either a societal o
25、r environmental scope, adds Sylvie Cole, Advertising Executive at Carrefour. Retailers build their image in much the same way as companies do. This is because the former are often faced with a conflict between satisfying consumers-to whom retailers would like to offer a wider variety of products at
26、competitive prices-and vendors, reputedly being forced into bankruptcy because of retailers purchasing policies. Furthermore, consumers perceived image of the retailer stems from the behavior identified with the store. Consumers satisfied with the quality of the goods and services of the store have
27、a favorable image while dissatisfied consumers form a negative image. Recent research confirms these, albeit old, study findings and shows that consumers will tolerate non-ethical behavior as long as they believe that their investments and income remain the same. Once consumers think that this is no
28、 longer the case, they will react either by complaining or by changing suppliers. That is why a retailers communication aimed at improving its image may trigger favorable attitudes and spur in-store attendance. The promotion of ethics thus becomes a way for retailers to improve a still negative imag
29、e. Comprehension 1. Choose the best answer. Ethical trend in business world _. A.manifests itself in issues such as bio-ethic, pollution control and environment awarenessB.leads to more fair trade practices in retailersC.helps form a higher ethical standards for a societyD.creates more job opportuni
30、ties答案:B2. The consequences of absence of ethical approach in a company may include _.A.a great loss of purchasers of its productsB.a drop in its productivity by 51.2%C.tougher competitionD.success in generating consumers trust答案:A3. The revised business concepts involve _.A.a closer look at company
31、-consumer relationshipB.attempts to be trustworthy for consumersC.a new perception from the standpoint of consumersD.the notion that ethics could improve the relationship between consumers and retailers答案:B4. Answer the following questions by using NO MORE THAN three words. What are the two things n
32、ecessary for a company to build up its concept of ethics? 答案:Culture and values.5. What means could a company use to justify its decisions according to moral standards and values?答案:Ethical codes/Ethics committees.6. What are the three qualities about products a consumer would consider when he is bu
33、ying them?答案:Material, symbolic, cultural.7. What enables companies to win in competition?答案:Corporate image.8. Complete the following sentences with NO MORE THAN three words for each blank. Under the ethical pressures, retailers would like to play not only the role of a bridge between companies and
34、 customers but also that of _ by themselves. 答案: product suppliers9. Apart from the notion of responsibility, _ can also help attract more consumers to stores.答案: low prices10. _ has to be taken into account in a more comprehensive idea of business.答案: A societal scope/An environmental scope11. Its
35、said that _ may drive vendors into failure in business.答案: retailers purchasing policies12. A positive image of a retailer comes from satisfying quality of both _.答案: goods and servicesPart Exercise 1 Use of EnglishRead the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word.B
36、rain Teasing In the early industrial age, men in white coats would walk around factories with watches and clipboards measuring the time it took workers to perform specific tasks. These time-and-motion experts set out to 1 labour productivity, and thence to improve it. The sort of jobs they were meas
37、uring, however, 2 longer enjoy such a premium in the places 3 they measured them: less than 10% of todays jobs in America are in manufacturing, and less than 15% of 4 in Britain. Workers of the western world are now employed largely in service industries, where they are paid 5 their brain rather tha
38、n their brawn. Many of them can be called knowledge workersbetween a quarter and a half. Knowledge workers are those whose primary tasks 6 the manipulation of knowledge and information. These people are the creators of 7 in western economies today, yet 8 anybody is measuring their output and seeking
39、 ways to 9 it. Somebody should. Finding ways to improve the productivity of knowledge workers is one of the most important economic 10 of our time. Managements 11 role is to make knowledge more 12 . Little has happened in the intervening time, partly 13 this is not an 14 task. There are no time-and-
40、motion 15 that can measure how many thoughts go 16 knowledge workers heads or the value of their creative 17 . Does that therefore mean that companies must (as most of them have until now) leave these valuable assets entirely to their 18 devices, to work as each of them sees fit 19 they, their emplo
41、yers, merely stand and wait? The answer to this question does not have to be 20 . Some companies have tried to make their knowledge workers more productive. By looking at the ways in which different workers use knowledge, we could build a framework within which companies can start thinking about how
42、 to make the process more productive. 1.答案: measure2.答案: no3.答案: where4.答案: those5.答案: for6.答案: involve7.答案: wealth8.答案: scarcely9.答案: improve10.答案: issues11.答案: new12.答案: productive13.答案: because14.答案: easy15.答案: studies16.答案: through17.答案: output18.答案: own19.答案: while20.答案: yesExercise 2 Speaking问
43、题:1. Topic: Housing problem Many people in big cities in China complain that housing has become prohibitively expensive. That leaves many people living in those cities in difficult situation. What do you think can be done to solve the problem? Choose three from the list and discuss why. You may add
44、your own ideas that are not listed here. regulate the practices of real estate agencies encourage people to rent houses restrict purchases of houses by those who are not the residents of the city in question prohibit the selling of houses before they are ready for living withdraw the limitation on l
45、and supply make policies favoring the construction of economically affordable houses 答案:Topic: Housing ProblemTips, Words and ExpressionsGeneral expressions the average housing price/unreasonably high housing prices / soaring prices in the real estate sector / prices accelerate / Chinese housing pri
46、ces have surged / slow-down in house price growth / contain the housing price hike / meet the regulatory requirement / dereliction of duty. of some local governments / The government must show its determination to carry out the measures in its confrontation with the developers. / stabilize house pri
47、ces / Tight tax, loan and land regulations should be put in place to restructure the real estate industry. / The monetary and taxation policies targeted at stabilizing house prices / Taxes should be levied on unused apartments and laid-idle houses so as to weed out bubbles in the real estate market. / Civil servants