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1、It的用法（专项总结及训练）一、人称代词1，it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复: They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance.2.，也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子): Is this your dog？No, it isnt.They got a baby and it was a ten-pounder3.，也可指抽象事物或指抽象环境和情景:I hate it when people talk with a full mouth.二、.非人称代词 1.it有时并不指具体的东西而泛指天气
2、、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等： .指天气：It is a lovely day, isnt it? .指时间: It was nearly midnight when she came back.指日期:It is April First today.指距离:It is some 3000 kilometers from Beijing to Guangzhou.指价值:It is three dollars.指温度:Today it is 30 degrees centigrade. 三、其他用法1.在句子的主语不太明确时充当主语，表示谁在做某事： Who is it the
3、re? Its I (me/you/he.). I thought it was Mary, but it was not she. Her facelighted when she saw who it was. 2.泛泛的指某件事： (有时泛指一般情况) It doesnt matter. It is a shame, isnt it? How is it going?(情况怎样) It says in the newspaper that.3.it用在一些词组中，it 没有特别的意思 The last trains gone. Come on, well foot it.(来，咱们步行吧
4、。)四、作形式主语，替代主语从句，动词不定式，或动名词短语：1.作形式主语替代主语从句 It is clear ( obvious， true， possible， certain.) that 从句 常译为清楚的（显然的，真的，可能的,肯定的） It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree. = That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear. It is important ( necessary， right， strange， natural.) that 从句 常译为是重要
5、的(必要的,对的,奇怪的,自然的).that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去，建议记住该句型中的形容词。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.) that 从句 常译为据说（据报道，据悉）。 It is said that he has come
6、 to Beijing. It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. It is suggested ( advised/ ordered / demanded/ insisted/ commanded. ) that 从句.that后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省；常译为据建议；有命令） It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should
7、 ) arrive there in two hours. It is time ( about time ，high time ) that从句(虚拟语气:动词用过去时did) It is time that children went to bed. It is time you bought a new car. It is (high ) time you made up your mind.It is the first ( second . ) time that从句(从句用现在完成时 have done ) It was the first ( second . ) time t
8、hat从句(从句用过去完成时had done ) 常译为是第一（二）次。 It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been hereIt is a pity ( a shame /an honour/a good thing/a fact,/a surprise/. ) that从句. that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去表示出乎意料，常译为竟然。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing ( sh
9、ould ) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你们班 上，真是遗憾！ It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！ It happens (seems， looks， appears ) that从句.常译为 “ 碰巧,似乎是,看起来” It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧. It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来 2.作形式主语替代不定式. It is kind ( of sb
10、. ) to do sth. 不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的褒义或贬义形容词。 常见的词有： bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ， good （好心的）， honest ， horrible ， kind ， lazy ， modest ， naughty ， nice（有教养的）， polite， rude ， silly ， stupid ， wise ， wrong（错误的）等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. 。 如:It is kind of y
11、ou to say so. = You are kind to say so. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. .不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的中性形容词。 常见的形容词有： important， necessary， natural easy ， safe ， common ， normal ， hard ， difficult ， dangerous ， unusual， rare ， impossible ， pleasant 如:It is important for h
12、er to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party. It takes sb. . to do sth. 常译为做要花费某人。 如:It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 3.作形式主语替代动名词短语It is no good / no use / useless doing sth. 常译为 “有好处或没有用” It is no good learning English without speak
13、ing English. Its useless trying to argue with Shylock.五、作形式宾语，代替不定式，动名词短语或宾语从句。We think it important to learn a foreign language. 该句型中的it 作形式宾语，该结构中常用的动词有：think, believe, make ,find consider, feel； 如:We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. He felt it important learning English well. T
14、hey found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.The Internet makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers.六、.it的重要句型 1.强调句型: It is/was + 被强调部分 + that 从句 (被强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用) It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was ma
15、de. It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday.It was in the street that I met her father. It was yesterday that I met her in the street.It is you that /who are wrong.特例:It is not until + 被强调部分 + that . 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语直到才，可以说是 not . until . 的强调形式。 It was not until she took off
16、 her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.= I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.Choose the best answer 1.Ittookusoveranhour_alongthestreet.A.walk B.towalkC
17、.walking D.walked2.Ithinkitagreathonour_tovisityourcountry.A.toinviteB.inviting C.havinginvitedD.tobeinvited3.Manypeoplenowmake_aruletobuycardsfortheirfriendsbeforeChristmas.A.themselvesB.itC.thatD.this4._isverycleartoeveryonethathesroundandtalllikeatree.A.ThisB.WhatC.ThatD.It5.IntheUnitedStates,bus
18、traveldoesntcostmuchastraintravel,_?A.donttheyB.doesit C.dotheyD.doesntit6.Someoneisatthedoor,whois_?A.thisB.thatC.itD.he7.Itisrainingcatsanddogs._.A.SoitisB.Soisit C.NeitheritisD.Neitherisit8.Myhomeisinthattallbuildingoverthere._?A.CanitseeB.Canseeit C.CanbeseenitD.Canitbeseen9._raininghardfor3hour
19、swithoutstopping.A.ItisB.ItwasC.IthasbeenD.Ithadbeen10.Hastheboygothisbicyclenow?Yes,thepolicegave_.A.himtohimB.ittoitC.ittohimD.himtoit11.Itsnouse_overspiltmilk.A.cryB.cryingC.thatyoucryD.foryoutocry12.Itisimportant_theiroffer.A.rejectB.rejectsC.torejectD.rejecting13.Has_beendecidedwhenwearetoholdt
20、hesports-meeting?A.thatB.thisC.itD.what14.DidLiLeicallmewhileIwasout?Yes,itwas_thatcalledyou.A.himB.heC.whoD.whom15.Nothingiswrongwiththeradio_?A.isntitB.isthatC.isitD.isntthat16.Idontknow_makesherafraidofhavingherbusinessdiscussed.A.whatitisaboutMarythat B.thatisitabutMarywhat C.whatisitaboutMaryth
21、at D.thatisaboutMarywhat17. .Itwaswith greatjoy_hereceivedthenewsthathislonglostsonwouldreturnhomeA.asB.thatC.soD.for18.Idontthink_difficultforaChinesestudenttomasteraforeignlanguagewithinfiveyearsA.thatB.itC.tooD.very19.Itsthesecondtimeyou_latethisweek.A.arriveB.arrivedC.havearrivedD.hadarrived20.I
22、twillnotbe_wemeetagain.A.longbeforeB.beforelong C.soonafterD.shortlyafter21.Itsdemandedthatwe_thereonfoot.A.nottogo B.dontgo C.notgo D.wontgo22.“It”isoftenusedto_ababy.A.meantoB.sticktoC.pointtoD.referto23.Itwasnotuntil1936_basketballbecamearegularpartoftheOlympicGames.A.thatB.whenC.whichD.then24._y
23、oumettheEnglishman?A.WhereitwasthatB.Whoitwasthat C.WherewasitthatD.Wherewasthat25._thatshehasgonetotheUnitedStates?A.WasittrueB.Isittrue C.ItistrueD.Itwastrue26._certainthathisinventionwillleadtothedevelopmentofproduction.A.ThatsB.ThisisC.ItsD.Whats27._in1914_theFirstWorldWarbrokeout?A.Wasthat,that
24、B.Wasthat,whenC.Wasit.thatD.Wasit,when28.Itisimportantthatshe_withMrWilliamsimmediately.A.speakB.spokeC.willspeakD.tospeak29._thattheresanothergoodharvestthisyear.A.ItsaysB.ItissaidD.ItwassaidD.Hewassaid30.It isthefirsttime_theplay.A.IvewatchedB.IllwatchC.IwatchD.Iwouldwatch参考答案B 1.B2.D3.B4.D5.B 6.C7.A8.D9.C10.C 11.B12.C13.C14.B15 C 16.A17.B18.B19.C20.A 21.C22.D23.A24.C25.B 26.C27.C28.A29.B30.A