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1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟。祝愿天下莘莘学子：学业有成，金榜题名！语言类考试复习资料大全Poor Nations, Rich Nations(3)Poor Nations, Rich Nations(3)Part OneUsage and StructureJudge which of the following underlined parts is wrong and make corrections.问题:1. The Life of Julia, a storybook advertisement recently released as part of President Oba
2、mas re-election campaign, aimed to highlight government programs of particular benefit on women over the life cycle.答案: benefit on benefit to问题:2. For someone who has been crippled in an accident of the sort suffered by Ms Lomas, Dr Contreras-Vidal thinks it will simply be a matter of remembering ho
3、w you used to walk, and then do it.答案: do doing问题:3. Google Inc Executive Chairman Eric Schmidt challenged college graduates on Sunday to make the radical stepat least for their generationof tearing their eyes away from their smart phones and computer screens.答案: make take问题:4. So far, President Oba
4、ma and Democrats have not exactly been convincing in their response. Since the US Presidential Election will be coming up in a few months, the only real question to choose in whom to vote is: are we better off than we were 4 years ago?答案: in for问题:5. At a noontime Grant Park rally and then on a marc
5、h to the shadow of McCormick Place, which President Barack Obama held court with NATO leaders, thousands of protesters made abundantly clear their disdain for the Western military alliance and all it stood for.答案: which wherePart TwoGrammar and VocabularyChoose one word or phrase that best completes
6、 each sentence.问题:1. Young fast bowler James Pattinson has downplayed his fourth breakdown this year, saying injuries are part and _ of a fast bowlers career.A.parcelB.partialC.packageD.partake答案:A问题:2. She is able to say whatever she likes about people and issues, but when I have my say about the s
7、ame things Im told I need to mind my own business. It makes me wonder why people can _ and not take it when someone does the same thing.A.dish it upB.dish it outC.play it upD.play it down答案:B问题:3. When news of the incident was leaked to the press, everything hit the _ at once.A.wallB.bottleC.fanD.ce
8、iling答案:C问题:4. Some people claim to be _ because they have information on the practice of a prestigious skill that hasnt been shared.A.in the knowB.in the backgroundC.on the alertD.over the threshold答案:A问题:5. Cameron feels he can _ on his promises even before an election and still win office.A.runB.
9、makeC.sleepD.rat答案:D问题:6. After noting several discrepancies in his clients story, the attorney began to smell a _.A.ratB.fishC.catD.rabbit答案:A问题:7. The _ of raising the retirement age is specially apparent for those working in low-income, physically demanding jobs.A.downsizeB.downsetC.downsideD.dow
10、nslide答案:C问题:8. I plan to write to my creditors and state that I can only pay a _ payment towards my CC/Loan debts per month, maybe just 5 per creditor.A.symbolB.sympathyC.signD.token答案:D问题:9. These traits come together to form a picture of someone who is a charismatic leader with a mind _ set on ac
11、hieving notice for their work.A.deepB.rockC.deadD.hard答案:C问题:10. I dont claim to be an expert of Italian cuisine _, but I guarantee that they have the best pizza in town.A.as muchB.per seC.per annumD.as per答案:BReading ComprehensionIn this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfi
12、nished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Like many unhappily married couples, Yahoo! and Alibaba have not found it easy to divorce. The American online firm owns roughly 40% of the Chinese e-commerce giant, but both s
13、ides have had misgivings about the relationship for years. All of Yahoo!s many recent chief executives have tried to find a clever way to sell off the stake. Jack Ma, Alibabas flamboyant boss, for his part, has been dreaming of winning outright control of the firm he founded from Yahoo! and Softbank
14、, a Japanese firm that controls about 30% of Alibaba. But there always seemed to be somethingtax issues, valuationthat got in the way of a deal. On May 21st, the two sides at last announced an agreement that will allow the two firms to separate amicably, albeit slowly. In a first step, Yahoo! will s
15、ell half of its stake (about a fifth of Alibaba) for $6.3 billion in cash and some $800m in newly issued Alibaba shares. Because this is a taxable transaction, Yahoo! will end up with only around $4.2 billion. The second part of the deal prescribes how Yahoo! will dispose of another quarter of its h
16、oldings in Alibabaand sets the stage for an initial public offering (IPO) of the Chinese firm. It has long downplayed rumours of such a move, but the agreement with Yahoo! certainly pushes Alibaba in this direction. The final quarter of the American firms holdings (another tenth of Alibaba) can be s
17、old later, whenever Yahoo! wants to. All this raises two important questions. The first is what Yahoo! intends to do with the proceeds. The firm has made it clear that the money will make its way to its long-suffering shareholders. The second big question is whether this deal will really unshackle A
18、libaba so that it can pursue a flotation of the whole group. For a start, Mr. Ma now has a freer hand. Yahoo! agreed to give up its option for an unfilled fifth board seat and some of its voting rights. The deal also reduces the stake held by the American firm and Softbank to 49.9%. What is more, Ya
19、hoo!s obligation to hold onto the last quarter of its original stake and to sell it at Alibabas hypothetical IPO expires by the end of 2015. That is a powerful incentive to act. The flotation will not happen immediately. Indeed, the Chinese firm is not bound by a specific timeline. But it appears th
20、at Alibaba is at last headed for an IPO. That could prove to be an event even bigger and more ballyhooed than the flotation of Facebookthough both Alibaba and Yahoo! will hope that it will be rather more successful than the social networks listing has been thus far. 1. The word flamboyant in Paragra
21、ph 1 is closest in meaning to _.A.grumpyB.complacentC.canonicalD.noticeable答案:D2. Which of the following can be inferred from the first three paragraphs about the relationship of the two firms?A.Both have misconceived their relationship for years and have been concerned with it.B.The occurrence of s
22、uch separation of two firms is by no means fortuitous.C.It is Alibabas choice to leave Yahoo! on his own.D.The rumor on their separation was proved to be true later.答案:B3. What is the authors purpose in mentioning two important questions inherited in the separation of two firms?A.It implies that the
23、 separation will be hard, if not impossible, to achieve.B.It aims to highlight that the separation has created a range of major problems to be solved.C.It proves that Alibaba will face the critical situation under the conditions of the agreement.D.It infers that problems will inevitably arise in the
24、 process of separation.答案:B4. The word ballyhooed in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to _.A.eventfulB.rantankerousC.extravagantD.blatant答案:D5. According to the passage, what is the authors tone?A.Dismissing.B.Dejected.C.Sanguine.D.Objective.答案:D In our zeal to protect the innocent consumer,
25、 we need to recognize that each protective step necessarily limits our productive capacity as a nation. It may be argued that a wealthy nation can afford such luxury and, though this is true, we need also to take into account the price we are paying for consumerism. Risk is inherent in every consume
26、r purchasein every consumer actand man can do nothing to alter that fact. The efforts of man to eliminate risk in the market place contain much political appeal but are nonetheless futile because the reduction of one kind of risk must always be accompanied by a compensating increase in another kind
27、of risk. The cost of protection is deprivation. But the cost of consumer protection is not apparent. We have no way of putting a value on the sacrifice in foregone products and services that a free market could provide. Perhaps a specific illustration may help to expose consumerism in its true light
28、. I have heard it said that if strawberries were a manufactured product, they would be restricted from the market today because so many people are allergic to them! Indeed, the long arm of consumerism will soon reach back to the products of the farm as it already has in its intense concern with anti
29、biotics, insecticides, herbicides, and fertilizers. Anyway, my little story has to do with unit pricing. A few years ago someone had the thought that if all products in the retail store were price-marked in equivalent units of pounds, quarts, square feet, and the like, then the consumer could better
30、 identify the best buy. There was an implied assumption that the variety of package sizes on the market were a calculated attempt to deceive the consumer. Gradually the idea began to catch on and more and more people began to accept and champion it. I know of no strong bona fide consumer support for
31、 the idea but I do know of a lot of passionate pleas made by consumerists who thought the idea had merit, especially for people on a tight budget. But, as in any fight, charges and countercharges flew wildly. The merchants claimed that the costs of so marking products would be prohibitively expensiv
32、ethat the net increase in cost would be borne by the consumer. The consumerists claimed that such marking would enable some consumers, and particularly those who needed it most, to save up to 10 percent on their grocery bill. No one really had any facts, though the idea sounded plausible and workabl
33、e. This is the typical way consumerist issues arise and generate support, first among those who would like to do something for the consumer, and then among consumers who innocently become effective consumerists without really knowing it. It also reveals the typical negative reaction of the business
34、community which serves only to add the fire of certainty to the consumerists eyes. Fortunately, this is one idea that could be tested with reasonable preciseness, and one of my colleagues at Cornell undertook to do that in a chain of stores in the Midwest. The most interesting of his conclusions is
35、that both the costs and benefits were grossly overstated. The costs in the smallest stores ran to over 4 percent of the sales value but in large supermarkets they amounted to less than a tenth of one percent of sales. But a check of product movement over time indicated no significant shift in purcha
36、ses by the consumer. In two broad food categories the consumer actually shifted her trade up to the higher cost per unit item; in the cereal category she shifted to lower-cost packages; and there was no change in the others. Surveys of consumers shopping these test stores revealed that awareness of
37、the availability of the information was greatest among the high-income, well-educated consumers. Despite these findings, the only real facts on the issue available, it is my prediction that the consumerist will continue to champion unit pricing, will continue to talk about how it will benefit the po
38、or, and eventually will succeed in getting widespread regulations making unit pricing mandatory. The issue of unit pricing did not originate from any factual base, and accordingly, facts are not likely to alter the decisions of those who champion its cause. It makes no difference that the theory of
39、unit pricing is based on a false and strictly materialistic premise. It makes no difference that it gives the large merchant a competitive advantage over the small. It makes no difference that the wealthy take greater advantage of the information than do the poor. Even if the benefits are not very g
40、reat, it may be argued that the costs are insignificant. At least the consumer doesnt need a computer when she shops and she gained a notch in her right to be informed. But is the cost really insignificant if we add this to the hundreds of other laws and regulations that have been forced on the cons
41、umer within the last several years? 6. According to the author, the risk we pay for the protection of consumerism _.A.may decrease while some other risk increasesB.can be reduced or avoided through political appealC.is not significant in some cases in a wealthy nationD.is so predictable that it can
42、be measured答案:A7. The author mentions strawberry because _.A.it is an example of manufactured productB.it will be restricted to protect many consumersC.consumerists will inspect farm products soonD.it shows how powerful consumerism may be答案:D8. Unit pricing has been promoted because of the following
43、 EXCEPT _.A.it enables the consumers to compare similar goods easilyB.it helps people on a tight budget save some moneyC.the cost for package change is borne by the better-offD.the consumerists are eager to help the consumers答案:C9. Through a test conducted in some stores it is found that _.A.unit pr
44、icing does not benefit the poor because they cannot readB.the cost of unit pricing varies according to the type of shoppersC.some consumers actually prefer the higher-cost productsD.consumers do not care much about the differences among packages答案:D10. What is the authors major argument through the unit pricing issue?A.Consumerist campaigns are meaningless, costly and deceptive.B.Laws that meant to protect consumers make them pay for the cost.C.Consumerist campaigns only add to the cost and loss of peoples life.D.Consumerists are stubborn people who refuse to listen to consumers.答案:C 16 / 16