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1、高一定语从句(the Attributive Clause)导学案【学习目标】：1、掌握定语从句的定义。2、掌握关系代词that,who,which,whom 和 whose 的用法。3、掌握关系副词when，where， why 的用法。4、掌握介词 +which 的用法5.、能够灵活运用定语从句。【学习方法】：1、根据学案中所给出的练习总结定语从句的用法。2、背诵典型句子3、多做练习进行运用和分析【语法知识点】1. 定语从句 -在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句的作用相当于形容词，用来修饰主句中的某一 名词、代词或整个主句2. 先行词 - 被定语从句修饰的 名词或代词叫先行词，定
2、语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。先行词可以为 一个词，短语，或整个主句 。3. 关系词 - 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词， 分成关系代词和关系副词 .4. 关系代词和关系副词有三大作用：连接 - 连接定语从句和主句替代 - 替代前面的先行词成分 - 在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分（主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语）例 1.A huge crack （ thatwas eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide ）（先行词） (关系词 )（定语从句）cut across houses, roads and canals.【学习过程】
3、Part1.关系词的使用1、完成表格关系代词先行词在从句中充例句分析（ 指 人 或当什么成分物）that指人 /物作主语、宾A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and语（作宾语thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and时 可 以 省canals.略）I don t know about the man(that) you mentioned.who指人作主语The number of people who were killed or seriouslyinjured reached mor
4、e than 400,000.whom指人作宾语（可The man (whom) you met yesterdayis Mr. Smith .以省略）The boy (whom) you are looking for is hidden behindthe tree.which指物作主语、宾语（作宾语时 可 以 省略）whose指人 /物作定语as指人 /物作主语、宾正如 .语（不可省略）Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first oneshook Tangsha
5、n. The pen (which) my uncle gave me is missing.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.= .the homes of whom had been destroyed.= of whom the homes had been destroyed 【注】 whose +n = the +n. +of which / whom或 of which / whom + the +n.We have found such materials as are used
6、 in their factory.He is not the same man as he was.As we all had expected,Liuxiang won the gold medal in the competition.关系副词先行词在从句中充当什么成分when时间时间状语=介词+which例句分析I still remember the day when / on which I first came to Taishan No.1 High School.where地点地点状语This is the village where / in which I ever li
7、ved.= 介词+whichwhy原因原因状语Do you know the reason why / for which he is= for+ whichabsent?【注】定语从句的关系副词 when where why = 介词 +which, 但反之并不一定。如： English is the subjectin which I m interested.2. 做题方法：（ 1）找先行词（ 2）还原 -把先行词放入定语从句（ 3）确定关系词【练习 1】用关系代词 that, who, whom, which 或 whose 填空，并指出它们在从句中作何成分。1.The eggs _
8、I bought yesterday were not fresh（.作 _ ）2.He prefers the goose _ comes from his parents（作 farm.）3. The noodles _ you cooked were delicious.（作 _ ）4. He saw a house _ windows were all broken.（作 _ ）5. The man _ lives next to us sells vegetables（.作 _ ）6. I don t like the people _ smoke a lot（作. _ ）7. I
9、prefer dumplings _ have just been cooked（.作 _ ）8. Don t drink water _ has not been boiled（作. _ ）9. The man _ you met just now is my teacher（.作 _ ）10. Plane is a machine _ can fly.（作 _ ）观察下面两组句子1. A. This is the house _ I once lived in.先行词指，关系词在句中作语，应填。B. This is the house _ I once lived.先行词指，关系词在句中作
10、语，你知道应填什么关系词吗？2. A. He was born in a day _was very hot.先行词指，关系词在句中作语，应填。B. He was born in a day _ it was very hot.先行词指，关系词在句中作语。【指点迷津】当把先行词放回定语从句时，需要加上一个介词，说明先行词在定语从句中充当状语。如： When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house where I would bestaying.(还原： I would be staying in the house)【练习 2】用关系副词 when,
11、 where, why 填空，并指出它们在从句中作何成分。1. I remember the day _ I first come to the school.2. Beijing is the place _ I was born.3. This is the factory _ I visited last year.4. Is this the reason _ he refused to help you?5. I ll never forget the years _ I spent with you in the city.6.We all didn t believe the r
12、easonsaidhejust now.【指点迷津】在定语从句中，如其先行词是抽象名词situation ，point, position ,condition,case, scene, spot, stage 等，如定语从句不缺主语、宾语和表语，则用关系副词 where occasion -场合 (where) ;- 时机 ;机会 (when) 。如： We have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.Occasions are quite rare when I have the time to spend a da
13、y with my kids. (2008山东 ) I have never been to such an occasion where people all dress formally.Ex. He s got himself into a dangerous situation _he is likely to lose control over theplane.A. whereB. which.C. whileD. why3、that 和 which关系代词只用 that 的情况： 先行词被最高级、序数词修饰时。 先行词是 all, any, everything, anythin
14、g, none, the one等不定代词时 当主句是 who 或 which 引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只用that 先行词既包括 人又包括物时。 先行词被 the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。 . This is the highest building _ Ive ever seen. . I really didnt know anything _ happened to Jim yesterday. . Who is the man _ is standing over there? Oh,he is my math teacher
15、. . They are talking about things and persons _ they saw there a few days ago.关系代词只用 which 的情况： 引导非限制性定语从句 ; 关系词前有介词 ; 先行词本身是 . The tree,is four hundred years old, is very famous here. . We depend on the landfromwe get our food. . Thatyou told him about is what we want to know.that。who 和 that在什么情况下只
16、用who 不用 that？ all / those 作先行词且指人； 在 there be 结构中，先行词指人； 先行词是指人的不定代词one, anyone, no one, all, nobody, anybody, none。.Those _want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.There is a strangerwants to see you. Onedoesnt work hard will never succeed in his work .4、先行词是 way 的定语从句1）
17、The way _ you solved the problem is not the best one.2）This is the way _ he told me to solve the problem.【指点迷津】 当先行词是 the way 且在定语从句中充当状语时，关系连词有三种情况：in which / that /省略Part2. 介词 + which/ whom1. 分析下列例句 :（ 1） The manwhom he is talking to is my father.（ 2） This is the penwhich I wrote the letter with .
18、 This is the pen with which I wrote the letter.【指点迷津】 (1) “介词 +关系代词 ”引导的定语从句时， 如先行词是物 , 用介词 +which; 如先行词是人 , 用介词 +whom(2) 当介词位于定语从句的末尾时，可将介词提前到关系词前，构成 “介词 +which / whom”(3) 在固定搭配的动词短语中，由于动词和介词不可分割，因此不能把介词位于关系代词之前。 如: look after, take care of, look for等。判断正误： This is the pen for which I This is the p
19、en which Im looking). (m looking for). (2. 如何确定定语从句中的介词？先找出定语从句，将先行词放入定语从句中1）看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配This is the book_ which you asked2）看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.3）根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配This is our classroom , _ which there is a teacher s desk.【练习】用恰当的介词
20、 +which/whom 填空1. This is the rock _ the boy fell down into the sea.2. The film star _ we talked a lot yesterday will give us a speech tomorrow.3. The West Lake _ Hangzhou is famous in the world will be more beautiful.4. The reason _ he could not go there was that his grade was too low.5. The profes
21、sor _ Mr. Smith shook hands yesterday has made new discoveries in science.6. Could you tell me the day _ you arrived?Part 3 定语从句中的动词的数1.He is the only one of the students in his class who _ (have) got this chance.2.He is one of the students in his class who _ (have) got the teacher s praise3. Those
22、who _ (want) to go to the cinema must be at the school gate by 3:30p.m.4. Anyone who _(want) to go to the cinema must be at the school gate by 3:30p.m.【指点迷津】 关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于先行词Part 4 课后巩固练习一选择最佳选项。1.The wolves hid themselves in theplaces _ couldn t be found.A. whereB. thatC. in which D. in t
23、hat2.That tree, _ branches are almost bare, is very old.A. whoseB. of whichC. in which D. on which3.Those _ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.A. learnB. wholearnC. that learnsD. who4.Anyone _ this opinion may speak out.A. that against B. that against C. who is against D. who
24、 are against5.Can you lend me the novel _ the other day?A. that you talkedB. you talked about itC. which you talked withD. you talked about6.The train _ she was travelling was late.A. whichB. whereC. on whichD. in that7. Do you still remember the happy days _ we swam in the river in our village?A. w
25、hichB. whenC. thatD. where8. May the fourth is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget.A. whichB. whenC. on whichD. about which9. The hotel _ we stayed during our holidays stands by the seaside.A. whatB. whichC. whereD. that10.Is that the reason _ you are in favour of the proposal?A. whichB. w
26、hatC. whyD. for that11.I don t like _ you speak to her.A. the wayB. the way in thatC. the way whichD. the way of which12.There is only one thing _ I can do.A. whatB. thatC. all D. which13.I have many books, some of _ are on chemistry.A. themB. thatC. whichD. those14.I like the second football match
27、_ was held last week.A. whichB. whoC. thatD. /15.This is one of the best films _ this year.A. that have been shownB. that have shownC. that has been shownD. that has shown16.She was the only one of the girlsin our class _ accepted as candidate for thepresident of our Students Union.A. who wasB. who
28、wereC. who has beenD. who have been17.This is the magazine _ I copied the paragraph.A. thatB. whichC. from thatD. from which18.Recently I bought a second-hand carwas very low.A. which priceB. the price of whoseC. its priceD. whose price19.Anyone _with what I said may raise your hand.A. that agreesB.
29、 who agreeC. who agreesD. that agree20.The great day we looked forward to _ at last.A. cameB. comeC. coming二用关系词填空。1. The place _interested me most was the Childrens Palace.2. Do you know the year _the Chinese Communist Party was founded?3. Great changes have taken place in the factory _we have been
30、 working since then.4. They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of _sat a small boy.5. Is there anyone in your class _family is in the country?6. The letter is from my sister, _is working in Beijing.7. In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of _are women.8. I will never forget the day _ we
31、worked together and the day _ we spent together.9. We admire him for the way _ he faces difficulties.10. The reason _he didnt come was _he was ill.11. - Did you ask the guard what happened? - Yes, he told me all _ he knew.12. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn?13. There are cases_ the word“ mi
32、ghty ” is used as an adverb.14. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point _ he can walk correctly and safely.15. There are several research centers in China _ a certain disease called Bird Flu is being studied.16. _ is known to everybody, Taiwan is a part of China.17. Some pict
33、ures of the river brought the days back to the old _ they swam in it.18. Who is the woman_is sweeping the floor over there?19. The professors talked with us about the beautiful schools and the experienced teachers_ they had seen.20. Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater cha
34、nce ofhaving heart disease than those _ don t.21.I will hire the man _ they say is a good English speaker.22.After reading your proposal,there is one point _ I don t agree.三用介词 +关系代词填空。（每空一词）1. The hotel _ _ they are staying is a very famous one.2. The pen _ _ I do my homework is a birthday present
35、from my father.3. Is this the car _ _ you paid a high price?4. The gentleman _ _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.5. Is this the village _ _ the great scientist was born forty years ago?6. The professor _ _ we often turn for help will come to our party tonight.四、单句改错1The story happened in
36、November on which the weather was very cold2Stella is one of the engineers who is fit for the task3Mr. Williams has two sons, both of whom looks like him4When we passed the place which the dead boy lay, each of us saluted5. Is this the horse that you spent five hours drawing it yesterday?6. Those wh
37、o has finished the exercises may leave the classroom now.7. Children eat a lot of sweets or chocolate often have bad teeth.8. Mr. Green is always working hard should get a rise.9. John is the only one of the students that have been abroad.10.I care about nothing which is going on there.四用定语从句合并下列句子。
38、1The factory is a small one. The factory stands near the river2Have you answered the letter? You got that letter two weeks ago3Ill never forget the day. On that day I joined the League.4.We are not allowed to do so Tell me the reason.5The boy student is very young. He won the game.6The town has beco
39、me a famous city He grew up in the town7I spend my childhood in Suzhou I have never been there again since I left8He is leaving for Wuhan to meet his daughter He has not seen the girl for years9Do you know the man ?His son is a famous scientist10My uncle bought the bicycle last week The bicycle has
40、been stolen .Part4 名言警句中的定语从句1. He who is ill to himself will be good to nobody. 人不自爱，焉能爱人？2. He who laughs last laughs best.谁笑在最后 , 谁笑得最好。3. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.不犯错误的人一事无成。4. All that glitters is not gold. 闪闪发光者，未必皆黄金。5. Opportunity and luck always shows appreciation for those who are bold in struggling.机遇和幸运总是垂青勇于奋斗的人。6.The only thing that we have to fear is fear itself. 唯一让我们恐惧的事就是恐惧本身 .7.He who doesntreach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉Part 5 课后拓展【自主学习】-定语从句典型错误例析1. 我给他看了我上周在杭州的照片 误 I showed him the photos I