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1、精品文档英语语言学期末考试试卷第一部分选择题I. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets. (2%X10=20%)1. Saussures distinction and Chomskys are very similar, but they differ in that .A. Saus
2、sure took a sociological view of language while Chomsky took a psychological point of viewB. Saussure took a psychological view of language while Chomsky took a sociological point of viewC. Saussure took a pragmatic view of language while Chomsky took a semantic point of viewD. Saussure took a struc
3、tural view of language while Chomsky took a pragmatic point of view2. Language is a system of vocal symbols used for human communication.A. unnaturalB. artificialC. superficialD. arbitrary3. We are born with the ability to acquire language, .A. and the details of any language system are genetically
4、transmittedB. therefore, we neednt learn the details of our mother tongueC. but the details of language have to be learnt.D. and the details are acquired by instinct4. A(n)is a phonological unit of distinctive value. It is a collection of distinctivephonetic features.A. phoneB. allophoneC. phonemeD.
5、 sound5. The morpheme ed in the word worked is a(n)morpheme.A. derivationalB. inflectionalC. freeD. word -forming6. WH -movement is in English which changes a sentence from affirmative tointerrogative.A. obligatoryB. optionalC. selectionalD.arbitrary7. Naming theory, one of the oldest notionsconcern
6、ing meaning, was proposed by .A. GriceB.PlatoC. SaussureD.Ogden andRichards8. “ John married a blond heiress. ” “ John married a blond. ”A. is synonymous withB. is inconsistent withC. entailsD. presupposes9. In semantic analysis of a sentence, the basic unit is called , which is the abstraction ofth
7、e meaning of a sentence.A. utteranceB. referenceC. predicationD. morpheme10. In Austins speech act theory, is the act of expressing the speakers intention; itis the act performed in saying something.A. a perlocutionary actB. a locutionary act精品文档精品文档C. a constative actD. an illocutionary act第二部分 非选择
8、题11. Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in One word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given. (1% x 10=10%)12. Prelates the study of language to psychology. I
9、t aims to answer such questionsas how the human mind works when people use language.13. A dstudy of language is a historical study; it studies the historical development oflanguage over a period of time.14. Language is a system, which consists of two sets of structures, or two levels. At the lower l
10、evel, there is a structure of meaningless sounds, which can be combined into a large number of meaningful units at the higher level. This design feature is called d.15. The articulatory apparatus of a human being is contained in three important areas: the pharyngeal cavity, the ocavity and the nasal
11、 cavity.16. The localization of cognitive and perceptual functions in a particular hemisphere of the brain is called l.17. Sfeatures such as stress, tone and intonation can influence the interpretationof meaning.18. Phrase structure rules can generate an infinite number of sentences, and sentences w
12、ith infinite length, due to their rproperties.19. Hrefers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings are identical insound or spelling, or in both.20. Some important missions of historical linguists are to identify and classify families of related languages in a genealogical family tree,
13、 and to reconstruct the p, the originalform of a language family that has ceased to exist.21. In Sociolinguistics, speakers are treated as members of social groups. The social group isolated for any given study is called the speech c.( II. Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements i
14、s true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the brackets in front of each statement. (2% x 10=20%)( ) 21. Linguists believe that whatever occurs in the language people use should be described and analyzed in their investigation.( ) 22. Language is arbitrary in the sense that there is no intr
15、insic connection between words and what these words actually refer to.( ) 23. The conclusions we reach about the phonology of one language can be generalized into the study of another language.( ) 24. The meaning -distinctive function of the tone is especially important in English because English, u
16、nlike Chinese, is a typical tone language.( ) 25. The syntactic rules of any language are finite in number, and yet there is no limit to the number of sentences native speakers of that language are able to produce and comprehend.( ) 26. When we think of a concept, we actually try to see the image of
17、 something in our minds eye every time we come across a linguistic symbol.精品文档精品文档( ) 27. All utterances can be restored to complete sentences. For example, “ Good morning! ” can be restored to “ I wish you a good morning. ”( ) 28. Two people who are born and brought up in the same town and speak th
18、e same regional dialect may speak differently because of a number of social factors.( ) 29. Black English is linguistically inferior to standard English because Black English is not as systematic as standard English.( ) 30. Any child who is capable of acquiring some particular human language is capa
19、ble of acquiring any human language spontaneously and effortlessly.IV . Directions: Explain the following terms. (3% x 10=30%)31. parole:32. broad transcription:33. allophones:34. phrase structure rules:35. context36. Historical Linguistics:37. standard language:38. linguistic taboo:39. acculturatio
20、n:40. care-taker speech:V. Answer the following questions. (10% x 2=20%)41. Enumerate three causes that lead to the systematic occurrence of errors in second language acquisition and give your examples.42. English has undergone tremendous changes since its Anglo -Saxon days. Identify the major perio
21、ds in its historical development and name major historical events that led to the transition from one period to the next.参考答案第一部分选择题I. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A, B, C or D in the
22、 brackets. (2% X 10=20%)I. A 2. D 3. C 4. C 5.B 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. D第二部分 非选择题II. Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in One word only, and you are not allowed to change t
23、he letter given. (1% x 10=10%)11. Psycholinguistics12. diachronic13. duality14. oral15. lateralization精品文档精品文档16. Suprasegmental17. recursive18. Homonymy19. protolanguage20. community111. Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in
24、the brackets in front of each statement. (2%X10=20%)112. T ) 21. Linguists believe that whatever occurs in the language people use should be described and analyzed in their investigation.113. T ) 22. Language is arbitrary in the sense that there is no intrinsic connection between words and what thes
25、e words actually refer to.114. F ) 23. The conclusions we reach about the phonology of one language can be generalized into the study of another language.115. F ) 24. The meaning -distinctive function of the tone is especially important in English because English, unlike Chinese, is a typical tone l
26、anguage.116. T ) 25. The syntactic rules of any language are finite in number, and yet there is no limit to the number of sentences native speakers of that language are able to produce and comprehend.117. F ) 26. When we think of a concept, we actually try to see the image of something in our minds
27、eye every time we come across a linguistic symbol.118. F ) 27. All utterances can be restored to complete sentences. For example, “ Good morning! ” can be restored to “ I wish you a good morning. ”119. T ) 28. Two people who are born and brought up in the same town and speak the same regional dialec
28、t may speak differently because of a number of social factors.120. F ) 29. Black English is linguistically inferior to standard English because Black English is not as systematic as standard English.121. T ) 30. Any child who is capable of acquiring some particular human language is capable of acqui
29、ring any human language spontaneously and effortlessly.IV . Directions: Explain the following terms. (3%X10=30%)122. parole: It refers to the realization of langue in actual use. It is concrete and varies with context.123. Broad transcription is the transcription with letter symbols only. It is the
30、transcription normally used in dictionaries and teaching textbooks.124. Allophones are the different phones that represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments.125. Phrase structure rules are the rewrite rules which allow for the possible combination of words to form phrases and sentences.12
31、6. Context is generally considered as constituted by the knowledge shared by the speaker and the hearer.127. Historical linguistics studies language change ( or historical development of language). 精品文档精品文档128. Standard language is a superposed, socially prestigious dialect of language. It is the la
32、nguage employed by the government and the judiciary system, used by the mass media and taught in educational institutions.129. Linguistic taboo refers to a word or expression that is prohibited by the “ polite ” society from general use.130. Acculturation is a process of adapting to the culture and
33、value system of the second language community.131. It is simple and modified speech used by parents, baby -sitter, etc. when they talk to young children who are acquiring their native language.V. Answer the following questions. (10%X2=20%)132. Enumerate three causes that lead to the systematic occur
34、rence of errors in second language acquisition and give your examples.1) Mother tongue interference2) interlingual interference3) Overgeneralization133. English has undergone tremendous changes since its Anglo -Saxon days. Identify the major periods in its historical development and name major histo
35、rical events that led to the transition from one period to the next.Major periods: Old English (449 -1100)Middle English (1100 -1500)Modern English (1500 -present)Historical events: The old English period began with the invasion of the British Isles byEnglish -speaking Anglo -Saxons from Europe, and ended with the arrival of Norman French invaders historically known as the Norman Conquest. The Middle English period is distinguished from the Old English period by the Norman Conquest. The European renaissance movementmarked the beginning of the Modern English period.精品文档