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1、 中小学1对1课外辅导专家精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义教学内容初中英语八种时态归纳复习. 初中英语八种时态归纳复习 一、一般现在时： 概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month)，once a week, on Sundays, etc.基本结构：be动词；行为动词 否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词d
2、o提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。 二、一般过去时： 概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 基本结构：be动词；行为动词 否定形式：was/were+not; 在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问
3、句：was或were放于句首； 用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。 三、现在进行时： 概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc. 基本结构：am/is/are+doing 否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing. 一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。 四、过去进行时： 概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。 时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。 基本结构：was/we
4、re+doing 否定形式：was/were + not + doing. 一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。 五、现在完成时： 概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。 时间状语：recently, lately, since， for,in the past few years, etc. 基本结构：have/has + done 否定形式：have/has + not +done. 一般疑问句：have或has放句首。 六、过去完成时： 概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过
5、去的过去”。时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month),etc. 基本结构：had + done. 否定形式：had + not + done. 一般疑问句：had放于句首。 七、一般将来时：概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, the day after tomorrow, etc. 基本结构：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do. 否定
6、形式：am/is/are+not going to + do ; will/shall+not+do， 一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。 八、过去将来时： 概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。 时间状语：the next day(morning, year), the following month(week), etc. 基本结构：was/were/going to + do；would/should + do. 否定形式：was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do. 一般疑问句：wa
7、s或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。 . 几种常见时态的相互转换 英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换，以下是几种常见的转换形式：一、一般过去时与现在完成时的转换 在现在完成时中，延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用，瞬间动词却不能。但是，可用别的表达方式：瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中；瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语，与一段时间连用；瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中，表示“自从以来有时间”的意思，主句一般用it is来代替It has been;瞬间动词用于“Some time h
8、as passed since + 一般过去时”的句型中。请看： A. He joined the League two years ago. B. He has been in the League for two years. C. It is two years since he joined the League.D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.二、一般现在时与现在进行时的转换 在一般现在时中，at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”，如at work（在工作）, at school（上学、上课）等。此短语可与进行时态转换。
9、请看： Peter is at work, but Mike is at play. Peter is working, but Mike is playing.三、现在进行时与一般将来时的转换 在现在进行时态中go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如：I am coming, Mum! 意为“我就来，妈妈！”请看： The train is leaving soon. The train will leave soon. 四、“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的转换 “be
10、going to+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事；将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中，当主语为第一人称时，常用助动词shall。在口语中，所有人称都可以用will。请看： We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday. We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday. 时态考点：一、对一般现在时的考查1.考查其基本概念：一般现在时表示一个习惯性、经常性的动作。近几年，对一般现在时的考查常用过去时态或现在完成时态对考生进行干扰。 Months ago we sailed ten th
11、ousand miles across the open sea, which _ the Pacific, and we met no storm.（2005年辽宁卷） A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been called2.考查一般现在时的替代用法：在以when, till/ until, as soon as, by the time, after, before等引导的时间状语从句，在以if,unless, once等引导的条件状语从句和以no matter, however, even if 等词引导的让步状
12、语从句中，如果主句中的动词用一般将来时，从句中的动词通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 What would you do if it _ tomorrow? We have to carry it on ,since weve got everything ready. （2005年全国卷） A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining解析：if引导条件状语从句，在条件状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来二、对一般过去时的考查一般过去时表示在过去某时某刻发生的动作或存在的状态，它常与表过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, las
13、t night, the other day, just now, then, two days ago, in 1999, at that time等。但一般过去时也经常用在没有说明过去的时间状语的句子中，这是高考的命题方向。More than a dozen students in that school _ abroad to study medicine last year.（2005年上海卷）A. sent B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sent三、对现在进行时的考查由上下文语境表示时间 Whats the terrible noise？
14、The neighbours _ for a party. （2004年北京卷）A. have prepared B. are preparing C. prepare D. will prepare四、对过去进行时的考查1.把过去进行时放在when, while, as 等引导的时间状语从句中考查。如果主句谓语和从句谓语都发生在过去，动作时间长的用过去进行时，表达谈话背景；动作时间短的用一般过去时，表达新的信息。You were out when I dropped in at your house.Oh, I _ for a friend from England at the airpo
15、rt. （2004年福建卷）A. was waiting B. had waited C. am waiting D. have waited2.把过去进行时放在某特定的语境中考查。Has Sam finished his homework today? I have no idea. He _ it this morning. （2004年全国卷）A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done3.考查过去进行时与一般过去时的比较。Shirely_a book about China last year but I dont know whether s
16、he has finished it.（98）A.has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing五、对现在完成时的考查1.现在完成时不仅表示动作在说话之前已经完成，而且强调动作对现在的影响或表示经验。He was hoping to go abroad but his parents _ that they wont support him unless he canborrow money from the bank.（2005年湖北卷）A. were deciding B. have decided C. decided D. will
17、 decideMillions of pounds worth of damage _by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. （2005年重庆卷） A. has been caused B. had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been caused 2.现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续至今并可能继续下去，常与for或since 等短语连用。The window is dirty. I know. It _ for weeks. （2004年全国卷）A
18、. hasnt cleaned B. didnt clean C. wasnt cleaned D. hasnt been cleaned3.考查现在完成时与一般过去式的区别：一般过去时着重说明动作发生的时间、地点、方式等，与现在不发生联系；而现在完成时只说明现在的情况，对现在有影响。 Where _ the recorder? I cant see it anywhere.（98NMET） I _ it right here. But now its gone.A. did you put; have put B. have you put; put C. had you put; was
19、putting D. were you putting; put六、对现在完成进行时的考查现在完成与现在完成时的区别如下：1.现在完成时强调的是完成的动作，而现在完成进行时是持续了一段时间的动作，这个动作刚停止或仍在继续。 I have written an article.（已完成） I have been writing an article. （还在写）2.有些延续性动词，如live, teach, work, study, learn, stay等因现在完成时与现在完成进行时差别不大。I have lived here for ten years. = I have been livi
20、ng here for ten years.另外注意的是：表短暂动作的动词（finish, marry, get up, come, go等）一般不能用现在完成进行时。Now that she is out of a job, Lucy _going back to school, but she hasnt decided yet.（2004年北京卷）A. had considered B. has been considering C. considered D. is going to consider七、对过去完成时态的考查过去完成时，经常以“过去”为背景，要想表达比这一背景更早的动作
21、，常用此时态。 George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding?No, I _. Did they have a big wedding? （2004年湖北卷）A. was not invited B. have not been invited C. hadnt been invited D. didnt invite常见考点有：把过去完成时放在含有when, before, after, until, as soon as等引导的时间状语从句的复合句中考查。When the old man _ to wa
22、lk back to his house, the sun _ itself behind the mountain.（2005年湖北卷）A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hidden C. had started; was hiding D. was starting; hid把过去完成时放在by + 时间点或by the time + 从句的句子里考查。By the end of last year, another new gymnasium _ in Beijing. （2007年上海春）A. woul
23、d be completed B. was being completed C. has been completed D. had been completed时态练习:1. We havent heard from Jane for a long time. What do you suppose _ to her? A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened2. Hello, I _ you were in London. How long _ here? A. dont know; were you B. hadnt
24、known; are you C. havent known; are D. didnt know; have you been3. Im glad to tell you that we _ the work in less time than we _ expected to. A. finished; were B. have finished; are C. have finished; were D. had finished; were4. It _ that pleasant music keeps people from becoming tired at their work
25、. A. finds B. has found C. was found D. has been found5. When I was at college I _ three foreign language but I _ all except a few words of each.A. spoke; had forgotten B. spoke; have forgotten C. had spoken; had forgotten C. had spoken; have forgotten6. - Hi, Tracy, you look tired. “- I am tired. I
26、 _ the living room all day. A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted 7. - Have you had any letters from him? - No, I havent, but my wife _ him regularly .A. has heard from B. has been hearing from C. had heard from D. hears from8.I dont really work here. I _ until the new secr
27、etary _.A. just help out; comes B. have just helped out; will come C. am just helping out; comes D. will just help out; has come9.- When shall we leave? - As soon as I _ what I _. A. will finish; do B. have finished, am doing C. finish, will do D. finish, do10. At that time he _ in the library. A. w
28、orked B. had worked C. was working D. would work11. The students _ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she _in the office. A. were working; had left B. worked; left C. had worked; left D. were working; would leave12. - Hey, look where you are going! - Oh, Im terribly sorry. _. A. Im not notici
29、ng. B. I wasnt noticing. C. I havent noticed. D. I dont notice.13.He _ a book about China last year, but I dont know if he _ it.A. wrote; has finished B. was writing; has finished C. was writing; had finished D. wrote; will finish14. As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. A. read; was falling B. w
30、as reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read; fell 15.The last time I _ Jane she _ cotton in the fields. A. had seen; was picking B. saw; picked C. had seen; picked D. saw; was picking 时态语态巩固练习:( ) 1. Dont make so much noise. We _ to the music. A. listened B. listen C. are listening D. have
31、listened( ) 2. I must return the camera to Li Lei. I _ it for two weeks. A. keep B. borrowed C. have kept D. have lent( ) 3. When will you tell him the good news? -I will tell him about it as soon as he _ back. A. comes B. came C. will come D. is coming( ) 4. Dad, please open the door, it _. OK, dea
32、r. Im coming. A. locks B. locked C. is locked D. was locked( ) 5. Did you go to Jims birthday party? -No, I _. A. am not invited B. wasnt invited C. havent invited D. didnt invite( ) 6. A talk on Chinese history _ in the school hall next week. A. be given B. has been given C. will be given D. will g
33、ive( ) 7. You may go fishing if your work _. A. is done B. will be done C. has done D. have done( ) 8. What do you think of the football match yesterday? -Well. Its surprising. The strongest team of our school _. A. was beaten B. won C. scored D. was failed( ) 9. Would your younger brother go for a
34、picnic this Sunday? -If I dont go, _. A. so does he B. so he will C. neither will he D. neither does he( ) 10. The trees must _ three times a week. A. water B. is watering C. be watered D. waters( ) 11. Did you see Tom at the party? - No, he _ by the time I got there. A. left B. was leaving C. had l
35、eft D. has left( ) 12. Why not go to see the dolphin show with me? -Because I _ it. A. saw B. will see C. see D. have seen( ) 13. Do you like watching cooking programs on TV? -No, I dont, but my twin brother _. Hes very fond of cooking.A. does B. do C. is D. are( ) 14. Catherin _ the letter before h
36、er mother came into her bedroom. A. has written B. was written C. had written D. is writing( ) 15. The old man is quite weak after the accident, so he _. A. must take care of B. must be take care ofC. must look after D. must be looked after( ) 16. The ticket is on the floor. Would you please _ for m
37、e? A. pick it up B. pick up it C. pick up them D. pick them up( ) 17. He _ living in the country to the city. A. likes B. prefers C. enjoys D. loves( ) 18. How long have you _ the book? A. bought B. lent C. had D. borrowed( ) 19. Do you know him well ? -Sure. We _ friend since ten years ago. A. were
38、 B. have been C. have become D. have made( ) 20. _ me carefully, boys and girls. Can you _ me? A. Listen to; hear B. Hear; listen to C. Hear; hear D. Listen to; hear from( ) 21. These farmers have been to the United States. Really? When _ there? A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have t
39、hey gone( ) 22. Im sorry I havent got any money. I _ my handbag at home. A. have missed B. have left C. have put D. have forgotten( ) 23. Where is Miss Gao. Lily? -She _ to the teachers. A. has been B. has gone C. went D. would go( ) 24. When her father came back home, Joan _ with her friend. A. tal
40、ked B. talks C. is talking D. was talking( ) 25. Whats that thing with three legs? -Its a cup. It _ for drinking in the old days. A. uses B. used C. is used D. was used( ) 26. His uncle _ in three days. A. returns B. has returned C. returned D. will return( ) 27. Hi, Lin Tao. I didnt see you at the
41、party. -Oh, I _ ready for the maths exam.A. am getting B. was getting C. got D. have got( ) 28. Excuse me. What did you say you would like to do, Miss White? -I said Id better go back to the office. I _ something this afternoon. A. would meet B. meet C. am going to meet D. was meeting( ) 29. What _ the forest in our country in the last ten years. A. has happened do B. is happened to C. has happened at D. is happening( ) 30. What did Mr Jones do before he moved here? -He _ a city bus for over twenty-five years. A. is driving B. drove C. has driven D. drives时态练习一. 请用正确动