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1、大学英语考试复习资料专升本英语模拟16大学英语考试复习资料专升本英语模拟16专升本英语模拟16Part Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passage and choose the best answer to each question. Then mark your answer by blackening the correspond
2、ing letter on the Answer Sheet. Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience? Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of special education
3、 can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a persons intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches th
4、ose limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways. It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intellige
5、nce.Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from the population, it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we take two identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents
6、 and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth. Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We
7、 would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelli
8、gence. 1. The writer is in favor of the view that mans intelligence is given to himA.at birthB.through educationC.both at birth and through educationD.neither at birth nor through education答案:C本题为细节辨别题。文章第一段的前三句话就回答了这个问题，即：聪明才智可以是天生的，也可以是后天培养的。2. If a child is born with low intelligence, he canA.bec
9、ome a geniusB.still become a genius if he should be given special educationC.exceed his intelligence limits in rich surroundingsD.not reach his intelligence in his life答案:C本题为细节推理题。由文章第一段倒数第二句可知：尽管人的智力发展极限在出生时就已决定，但是否能达到这个极限还取决于他所处的环境。3. In the second paragraph .if we take two unrelated people at ra
10、ndom from the population means if we _.A.pick any two personsB.take out two different personsC.choose two persons who are relativesD.choose two persons with different intelligence答案:A本题为细节推理题。第二段中“On the other hand”连接的是前后两个相对的概念，紧接着的后一句说选择一对双胞胎作为实验对象，由此可判断选项B，C，D在意思上和 two identical twins 表达的概念不存在相对的
11、意义。at random：随意地。4. The example of the twins going to a university and to a factory separately showsA.the importance of their intelligenceB.the role of environment on intelligenceC.the importance of their positionsD.the part that birth plays答案:B本题为细节辨别题。第三段第三句就指出：实验表明，环境和先天因素一样影响着智力发展。5. The best ti
12、tle of this passage can be _.A.SurroundingsB.IntelligenceC.Dependence on EnvironmentD.Effect of Education答案:B本题为主旨概括题。文章第一段讲智力水平是由先天和后天环境两个因素决定的，第二段讲先天因素的影响；第三段讲环境的影响。所以话题一直围绕 intelligence 展开。 Strong bonds can exist in dating relationships. My cousin Candice and her friend Louis started dating casua
13、lly last year. As the months passed, they began seeing only each other, and now they enjoy a close relationship. They are neither married or engaged but are constant companions and consider each other best friends. Candices friends think of them as a couple and recognize their special relationship.
14、Both Candice and Louis have made commitments to each other. They think of themselves as couple. However, each has the freedom to develop new friends, to seek separate social activities, to build separate careers, and to have his or her individual needs fulfilled. Living together can be the transitio
15、n from extended dating to marriage. Just recently, Louis and Candice decided to live together. They are not sure about marriage and want to try living together first. Louis has many divorced friends who had rushed into marriage. He doesnt want to make a similar mistake. He knows that living together
16、 will not be easy, but feels he has few alternatives. Friends and family will exert pressure on the couple to get married. Louis knows that this is the worst reason to get married. He believes that living together will provide Candice and him with an opportunity to see how well each can adjust to th
17、e others feelings and living styles.He hopes they will discover whether they are compatible. Louis moved into Candices apartment this weekend. Books, records, and clothing fit in nicely. Of course, they will have to decide what to do with two couches, two beds, twenty-two pots and pans, and duplicat
18、es of all kitchen and bath items. They have settled in as an unmarried-married couple and will have to make the same adjustments as any newlyweds. 6. The special relationship between Candice and Louis prevents them from _.A.having new friendsB.developing individual careersC.having their social activ
19、ities together all the timeD.realizing separate needs答案:C本题为细节推理题。第二段最后一句 “each has the freedom to develop new Mends，to seek separate social activities，to build separate careers，and to have his or her individual needs fulfilled” 中指出他们可以有各自的社交活动，由此推断选项 B 是正确的。7. Living together _.A.is practiced by re
20、latively fewB.is guiltyC.is pretty common among singlesD.will involve both good and trying times答案:D本题为细节推理题。文章第三段暗示同居可以避免 Louis 那些朋友在婚姻问题上所犯的错误，但同时又指出“living together will not be easy”，因为有来自各方面的压力 (Friends and family will exert pressure on the couple to get married)。这正好符合选项 D 中的 “good” 和 “trying” (
21、使人痛苦的，考验人的)两个词的含义。8. The word compatible (in the last paragraph but one) can be replaced by _.A.harmoniousB.consistentC.understandingD.particular答案:A本题为上下文理解题。第三段倒数第二句 “He believes that living together will provide Candice and him with an opportunity to see how well each can adjust to the others fee
22、lings and living styles” 即：同居可以给他们提供一个机会，看他们能否相互适应对方的情感和生活方式。这就解释了下一句中 compatible (协调的，一致的，兼容的)的含义。选项B意思是“符合的，一贯的”。9. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.Louis and Candice are best friends.B.Louis moved into Candices apartment after they started dating last year.C.Although they live toge
23、ther, they are not married or engaged.D.Louis doesnt want to follow the step of his divorced friends.答案:B本题为细节是非判断题。最后一段第一句“Louis moved into Candices apartment this weekend” 指出本周他们才住在一起，显然选项B是错的。10. What can be the best title of the passage?A.A Happy Couple.B.My Cousins Boyfriend.C.The Newlywed.D.An
24、 Unmarried-married Couple.答案:D本题为主旨概括题。全文讲的是 Candice 和 Louis 虽然没有结婚，但像结婚的夫妇一样生活着。 A fine piece of music, a masterpiece of painting, or a first-rate play has the power to capture and hold out fullest and most concentrated attention. We are completely wrapped up in it, and everything works out right.
25、The music comes to the right close at the right time and in the right way. The play ends, not necessarily on a happy note, but in a way that seems inevitable (不可避免的) and appropriate. As we grow more and more aware of the painting, its parts seem to belong together and to be made for each other. We p
26、erceive harmony (和谐) in the object and feel harmony within ourselves. When the aesthetic (美学的) experience has ended, we often feel uplifted and refreshed. Our eyes and ears, our insight into other persons, or our understanding of moral values may be sharpened and refined. We may feel more at home wi
27、th ourselves. Works of art have value for use in all these. It is this value that marks the difference between great art and simple entertainment. A work that is fairly easy to understand and appreciate takes little effort on our part. It may give us pleasure. But it does not involve our emotions or
28、 our attention at a deep level. It may take our minds off our troubles for a time, but it does not give us the spiritually enriching experience of vital and orderly design. To enjoy the value of works of art, we must be ready to give a great deal to them. The greatest works of music and poetry often
29、 present difficulties. We cannot expect to master them all at once, and we cannot always find what is worthy in them at a glance. It is possible to get some satisfaction out of music while reading a newspaper or peeling (削皮) potatoes. But we must listen with full attention before we can find the ric
30、hes in great works of music. 11. Which of the following is nearest in meaning to We are completely wrapped up in it (Paragraph One)?A.We are totally absorbed by such fine piece of art.B.We feel that the music seems to be around us.C.Something wraps us when we are appreciating such a fine piece of ar
31、t.D.Such a fine piece of art makes us feel very excited.答案:A本题为上下文理解题。第一段第一句“A fine piece of music，a masterpiece of painting，or a first-rate play has the power to capture and hold out fullest and most concentrated attention”解释了这句话的意思，即：一部优秀的音乐作品、绘画杰作或是一部一流的剧作，都具有一种能完全征服我们、吸引我们所有注意力的力量。12. Which of t
32、he following may NOT be an advantage of the aesthetic experience?A.People may feel raised up spiritually.B.It may help people understand moral values.C.It make people feel that they are at home with their family members.D.It can help people understand others better.答案:C本题为细节辨别题。文章第二段的 “feel uplifted
33、 and refreshed”(感觉得到升华和清新)和 A 的意思相同；“our insight into other persons or our understanding of moral values may be sharpened and refined”(对其他人以及对道德观的理解得到加深)和 B，D 的意思相同。文中 feel at home with 意为“感觉自在，无拘束”，选项 C 显然不符题意。13. Which of the following is true about the difference between great art and simple ente
34、rtainment according the author?A.Great art is easy to understand while simple entertainment is not.B.Simple entertainment gives us pleasure while great art never does.C.Great art can sharpen ones insight into life and other people while simple entertainment can not.D.Simple entertainment can make a
35、person forget his trouble while great art can not.答案:C本题为细节推理题。第三段讲的是伟大的艺术作品和普通的文艺作品的区别。第一句“It is this value that marks the difference between great an and simple entertainment”即：艺术杰作正是具有这样的价值才使它不同于一般的文艺作品。句中的 this value就是上文提到的特点，所以只有选项 C 在上文中提到。14. We may conclude from reading the passage that the
36、right attitude of enjoying works of art is toA.try to master the value all at onceB.enjoy them while doing other things in order to get some satisfactionC.expect great difficulties and give up when it is too hard to understand themD.be aware of its difficulties and enjoy them with full attention答案:D
37、本题为综合概括题。总结最后一段的内容，第二句“The greatest works of music and poetry often present difficulties”指出：艺术杰作往往不容易理解。最后一句“we must listen with full attention before we can find the riches in great works of music”又指出：我们只有全神贯注地欣赏才能理解杰出的音乐作品中所表达的深刻内涵。选项 A，B指的是对一般文娱作品的欣赏。15. In which of the following magazines would
38、this passage most probably appear?A.Fashion.B.Science Today.C.The World of Literature.D.Art and Aesthetics.答案:D本题为主旨概括题。全文讲的是艺术杰作的价值及其它们带给我们的艺术享受。只可能在艺术和美学杂志上才会有相关话题。 Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are excess
39、ively concerned with their own appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts are constantly occurring in their minds: What kind of impression am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? Am I wearing unattractive clothes? It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people adversely.
40、A persons self- concept is reflected in the way he or she behaves, and the way a person behaves affects other peoples reactions. In general, the way people think about themselves has a great effect on all areas of their lives. Shy people, having low self-esteem, are likely to be passive and easily i
41、nfluenced by others. They need reassurance (放心) that they are doing the right thing. Shy people are very sensitive to criticism; they feel it confirms their inferiority (自卑). They also find it difficult to be pleased by compliments (赞扬) because they believe they are unworthy of praise. A shy person
42、may respond to a compliment with a statement like this one, Youre just saying that to make me feel good. I know its not true. It is clear that, while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful. Can shyness be completely eliminated (消除), or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can
43、overcome shyness with determined and patient effort in building self-confidence. Since shyness goes hand in hand with lack of self-esteem, it is important for people to accept their weaknesses as well as their strengths.Peoples expectations of themselves must be realistic. Living on the impossible l
44、eads to a sense of inadequacy. Each one of us is a unique, worthwhile individual. We are interested in our own personal ways. The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential. Lets not allow shyness to block our chances for a rich and fulfilling life. 16. Th
45、e first paragraph is mainly about _.A.the characteristics of shy peopleB.the cause of shynessC.the questions in the minds of shy peopleD.the effect of shyness on people答案:A本题为主旨概括题。文章第一段第二句“Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is，they are excessively concerned with their own appearance an
46、d actions”指出了羞涩的几个特征：焦虑、自我意识强烈、过分在意自己的外表和行为。17. According to the writer, serf-awareness is _.A.harmful to peopleB.a weak point of shy peopleC.the cause of unhappinessD.a good quality答案:D本题为细节辨别题。第三段最后一句“It is clear that，while self-awareness is a healthy quality，overdoing it is harmful”意为：有自我意识(自知之明)
47、是一种美德，但一旦过度就会对人有害。18. What is the shy peoples reaction to compliment?A.They are pleased by it.B.They feel it is not true.C.They are very sensitive to it.D.They feel it confirms their inferiority.答案:B本题为细节辨别题。第三段倒数第二句“A shy person may respond to a compliment with a statement like this one，Youre just
48、saying that to make me feel goodI know its not true”即：羞涩的人对于别人的赞美往往会这样回答：“你这么说只是想让我好受些。我知道其实那不是真的。”19. Which of the following statements is true?A.Shyness helps us to live up to our full potential.B.Shyness enables us to understand ourselves better.C.Shyness blocks our chances for a rich life.D.Shyness has nothing to do with lack of self-esteem.答案:C本题为细节推理题。作者用最后一句呼吁“Lets not allow shyness to block our chances for a rich and fulfillin