《电气控制系统教学资料.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《电气控制系统教学资料.doc（152页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、5电气控制系统5.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION总体描述This chapter describes Solar Turbines Turbotronic-based electrical control system.本章描述索拉透平机组的电气控制系统。Control of operating parameters such as temperatures, pressures, flow, speed and vibration is critical to prevent damage to turbine engine and driven equipment. Start
2、up and shutdown require controlled sequenced processes.温度、压力、流量、速度及振动等操作参数的控制对防止透平发动机及驱动设备受到损伤是非常重要的。起动和关断要求可控的程序处理。A programmable logic controller (PLC), a computer adapted for control tasks, controls turbine engine package systems. (PLCs are often described as processors, microprocessors, controll
3、ers, and combinations of these terms.) The PLC reads input device status such as control panel pushbuttons, makes decisions, and sets output devices such as indicators, positioners, or heating coils. Pressure and temperature sensors, speed and vibration pick-ups, and other sensors transfer measured
4、data to the PLC through analog input modules. Switch settings and other two-state inputs are sent, through discrete input modules, to the PLC. The PLC evaluates these inputs and sends commands, through output modules, to control devices such as positioners and solenoids. Communication modules accomm
5、odate data transmission between control system devices using dissimilar data formats, for example control data transmitted to the PLC over the Ethernet or along data networks.可编程序控制器（PLC）是适合工业控制的计算机。控制透平发动机装置系统（PLC常描述为处理器、微处理器、控制器和这些术语的组合）。PLC读取控制盘按钮的收入设备的状态，做出决定。设置诸如指示器、定位器或者热脱扣等输出设备。压力和温度传感器、速度和振动
6、选择器及其他传感器将测得的数据通过模拟输入模块传输给PLC。开关及其他双状态输入信号通过离散输入模块传输给PLC。PLC评估这些输入信号，通过离散输出模块，发送命令控制诸如定位器和电磁阀等输出设备。通讯模块提供控制系统与使用不同数据格式的设备之间的数据传输，例如，通过以太网或者数据网控制传输到PLC的数据。Figure 5.1.1 is a simplified block diagram of the primary control system.图5.1.1为主控制系统的简化块图。Figure 5.1.1 Electrical Control System - Block Diagram图
7、5.1.1 电气控制系统块图 Key for Figure 5.1.1图5.1.1的关键词1Display Computer显示计算机2Turbine Control Panel透平控制盘3Digital Display Terminal数字显示终端4I/O Chassis AssemblyI/O机架装置5Flex I/O Modules分布式I/O模块Control and support equipment are housed in junction boxes or other nonhazardous areas. Instrumentation and control device
8、s are in and around the turbomachinery package.控制与支撑设备安装在接线箱和其他非危险区域。仪表与控制设备安装在透平机组的内部和附近。This chapter includes sections:本章包括以下章节： 5.2 - Functional Description功能描述 5.3 - Component Descriptions组件描述 5.4 Software软件 5.5 Maintenance维护Drawings for use with this manual section include:本手册包括的图表为： Electrical
9、 Schematic (149480)电气简图 Turbotronic Software Documentation (a floppy disk)透平软件文档（一张磁盘） Wiring Diagram (149481)接线图5.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION功能描述This section overviews the electrical control systems functions.本章节浏览一下电气控制系统的功能。5.2.1 Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)The programmable logic controller:可
10、编程逻辑控制器： Controls engine startup, operation, and shutdown控制发动机的起动、操作与关断 Monitors operating conditions and operator request data监视操作状况与操作员要求的数据 Uses stored software control programs使用已存的软件控制系统 Sends commands to regulate发送命令已调节：o Speed速度o Temperature温度o Load负载o Other conditions其他工况PLC assembly include
11、s:PLC装置包括： Input/output (I/O) chassis输入/输出（I/O）机架 Power supply modules电源模块 Processor module equipped to handle ControlNet communication with Flex I/O负责与分布式I/O通讯的CONTROLNET控制模块 Communications modules通讯模块 Distributed Flex I/O modules分布式I/O模块PLC receives input from:PLC接收信号来自于： Turbine control panel, th
12、rough input modules通过输入模块，透平控制盘 Operator terminal, through communication modules通过通讯模块，操作员终端 Process measurement instrumentation, through input modules通过输入模块，过程测量仪表PLC: Gets data from communications buses and memory从通讯总线及存储器获取数据 Executes operation instructions (calculations, logic operations, etc.)执
13、行操作指令（计算，逻辑操作等） Sends commands and display information to communication buses发送命令和显示信息给通讯总线Input modules:输入模块 Receive two-state, ON or OFF, discrete data接收双状态离散数据ON或者OFFo Typically from a switch典型为开关o ON (closed, true, yes, or 1) indicated by +24 Vdc signal由24V直流信号表示的ON（闭合、真值、是或者1）o OFF (open, false
14、, no, or 0) indicated by 0 Vdc signal由0V直流信号表示的OFF（断开、假值、否或者0） Receive continuous-state variable analog data接收连续状态变量模拟数据o From thermocouples, pressure/temperature transmitters, magnetic speed pickups, proportional position transducers从热电偶、压力/温度变送器、磁速度接收器、比例位置传感器。 Convert data to digital form转换数据为数字形
15、式o Discrete - binary logic values (1 or 0)离散二进制逻辑值（1或者0）o Analog - 12-bit integers模拟12位整数值 Send data to processor through发送数据到处理器通过o Flex I/O adapter and ControlNet分布式I/O适配器及CONTROLNETOutput modules:输出模块： Receive digital data from PLC through ControlNet and Flex I/O adapter通过CONTROLNET及分布式I/O，从PLC接收
16、数字数据 Convert digital data to转换数字数据到o Discrete data - for solenoid valves, indicator lights, and interposing relays for motor contacts and space heaters离散数据供电磁阀、指示灯、控制马达触点的中间继电器及空间加热器使用。o Analog data - for actuators and servos to control the engine bleed valve, inlet guide vanes, fuel control and oth
17、er valves, oil cooler motors, etc模拟数据供控制发动机泄放阀的执行器及伺服器、入口导叶、燃料控制及其他阀类、油加热器等使用 Send data to发送数据到o Turbine control panel透平控制盘o Backup control circuitry备用控制电路o Package/system control devices装置/系统控制设备Communications modules:通讯模块： Typically receive operating condition change commands, or display requests典
18、型接收操作工况变化命令，或者显示要求 Receive digital serial communication (RS232C) data接收数字串口通讯（RS232）数据 Send Data Highway Plus (DH+) format data to processor发送数据公路格式数据到处理器 Send digital data, in form received from processor, to operator terminal, providing operational information以从处理器接收到的格式，将数字数据发送到提供操作信息的操作员终端。5.2.2
19、 Turbine Control and Interface透平控制与接口The turbine control panel, with status indicators and switches, is the main input device:带有状态指示器及开关的透平控制盘是主要的输入设备： Operator controlled switches initiate control functions (system reset, starting, load speed control, stopping, and alarm acknowledge) through wire c
20、onnections操作员可控开关指示控制功能（系统复位、起动、负载【速度】控制，停止及报警确认） Processor operates status indicator lamps for annunciation of fault categories处理器操作用于故障分类告知的状态指示灯Operator terminal, local display device:操作员终端，本地显示设备： Displays显示 Indicates指示 Annunciates告知Operator terminal, local display device allows operator to:操作员终
21、端，本地显示设备允许操作员： Monitor operating conditions监视操作状况 Change operation modes改变操作模式 Change operation constants改变操作常量 Control printer (optional)控制打印机（可选）Operator terminal, local display device receives input:操作员终端，本地显示设备接收输入： From operator - number and function keypads on panel来自操作员控制盘上的数字及功能键盘 From PLC -
22、 through serial communications multiport connector on control consoles back panel来自PLC通过控制盘背板上的串口通讯多口连接器Display information is transferred to computer. Control commands and data requests are output to PLC through serial communications connector.显示信息传输到计算机。控制命令及数据要求通过串口通讯连接器输出到PLC。5.2.3 Backup Contro
23、l备用控制Backup control:备用控制： Is a group of instantaneous and time delay relays是一组瞬态及时间延迟继电器 Activates in four conditions:在以下四种条件下激活：o Turbine overspeed透平超速o Emergency stop manual switch activation急停手动开关激活o PLC failurePLC失效o Fire indication火焰指示 Outputs relay logic输出继电器逻辑 Initiates emergency turbomachine
24、ry shutdown指示紧急透平机组关停 Controls postlube cycle控制后润滑周期5.2.4 Instrumentation and Control Devices仪表及控制设备Instrumentation:仪表： Measures physical systems测量物理系统o Liquid and gas pressures液体及其他压力o Fluid and metal temperatures流体及金属温度o Flow rates and levels流速及液位o Vibration, speed and positions振动、速度及位移 Delivers s
25、ystem data to I/O modules for communication to PLC传递系统数据到用于与PLC通讯的I/O模块 Delivers PLC output, converted by I/O modules, to control devices传递由I/O转换后的PLC输出信号到控制设备Control devices:控制设备： Get input from the PLC and backup systems从PLC及备用系统获取输入信号 Change physical system conditions改变物理系统工况 Include包括o Electro/h
26、ydromechanical actuators电动/液动执行器o Solenoid valves电磁阀o Motor starters马达起动器5.2.5 Control System Power控制系统电源Control system power is provided by a battery/charger combination which is powered by a customer connection. When the customer input is interrupted, the batteries supply control power.控制系统电源由电池/充
27、电器共同提供，充电器电源由客户提供。当客户提供的电源中断，则由电池提供电力。5.2.6 Gas Detection System气体探测系统The gas detection system continuously monitors the atmosphere within the enclosure. A low-level combustible gas atmosphere triggers an alarm, and a high combustible gas level shuts the engine down.气体探测系统连续监视机箱内的大气。低含量的可燃气环境触发报警，高含
28、量的可燃气环境触发发动机关断。5.2.7 Fire Detection and Extinguishing Agent Releasing System火焰探测及灭火剂释放系统Hazardous area protection is provided by a fire detection and extinguishing agent releasing system. The system monitors signals from sensors and communicates with control and display systems to annunciate warning
29、s, control extinguishing agent release, and communicate with the operator.危险区域由火焰探测及灭火剂释放系统提供保护。系统监视来自传感器的信号，并与控制显示系统通讯，告知报警，控制灭火剂释放及与操作员进行通讯。The fire detection system:火焰探测系统： Monitors thermal fire detectors监视热火焰探测器 Monitors flame detectors监视火焰探测器 May be manually operated可以手动操作Fire suppression:火焰抑制
30、Shuts down enclosure ventilation system关断机箱通风系统 Closes vent openings关闭通风口 Activates fire dampers激活阻火器 Floods area with inert gas or water mist to suppress fast fires, (e.g., lube oil, fuel oil, or flash fires)使用惰性气体或者水混合物充满危险区域以抑制快速火焰5.2.8 Vibration Monitoring System振动监视系统A vibration protection syst
31、em uses proximitor probes and transducers to monitor vibration, acceleration and velocity. Vibration and acceleration levels can be viewed on the operator terminal.振动保护系统使用接近探针及变送器监视振动、加速度及速度。振动及加速度值可以在操作员终端上观察到。5.2.9 Electrical Schematic电气图表The electrical schematic:电气图表： Identifies relationships be
32、tween controller hardware/software input/outputs and electrical system区分控制器硬件与软件输入/输出与电气系统之间的关系 Relates hardware configuration相关硬件配置 Details control system settings and parameters详细的控制系统设置与参数 Is unique to each project每一部分都是唯一的 Takes precedence over other documentation优先接管其他文档5.3 COMPONENT DESCRIPTIO
33、NS组件描述For maintenance and updating, this manual section generally describes hardware components in terms of:为了维护和更新，本手册根据以下方面描述硬件： Type类型 Connection连接 Function功能 Power电源 Status indicators状态指示灯 Operation操作Component locations are detailed on the electrical schematic and the wiring diagram.电气图及接线图详细的标注
34、了组件的位置。This section shows reference designator format for components described. Each component is identified by reference designators on the electrical schematic and the wiring diagram. Reference designator form is as follows:本章节说明了组件描述的参考标识格式。每一组件都使用参考标识区分在电气图及接线图中的表示方法。参考标识格式如下：AANXXX, whereAA - a
35、lpha character(s) indicating component type and use in the systemN is a number indicating component location:阿拉伯字母表明系统中的组件类型及使用。N为组件位置号1Front of control console控制盘前部2Inside control console控制盘内部3Turbine package skid透平装置起落撬4Motor starters in the motor control center马达控制区域的马达起动器5Other remote locations其
36、他远控位置6Switchgear开关机构7Inlet air system入口空气系统XXX is a two or three digit number.XXX为2个或者3个数字。5.3.1 I/O Chassis Assembly I/O机架装置The following subsections of this manual describe hardware components mounted in, or with, the I/O chassis assembly containing the PLC.本手册的以下章节描述了安装在机架内部或者与机架相连的硬件组件。I/O机架装置包括
37、PLC。POWER SUPPLY MODULE电源模块Reference Designator: PSNXXX 参考标识：PSNXXX 图5.3.1 电源模块Table 5.3.2 Power Supply Module 表5.3.2 电源模块Type类型Four section, redundant, switching type device. Two power supplies in a single package四部分，冗余类型设备。单一装置具有两个电源Connection连接All connections on one side. Input to slot assembly t
38、erminal strip. Output on terminal lugs所有连接都在一侧。输入接到槽装置接线端子上。输出在接线片上。Function功能Converts main power to 24 Vdc electrical control system power将主电源转换为24V直流电气控制系统电源Power电源90-264 Vac/90-150 Vdc from power main 来自主电网的90264V交流/90150V直流Operation操作Refer to Supplementary Data.参照补充数据I/O CHASSIS I/O机架Reference D
39、esignator: CHNXXX 参考标识：CHNXXXWARNING警告Turn off all power supply modules before removing modules from or inserting modules into a chassis. Failure to observe this warning could alter processor memory, damage module circuitry, and cause unintended operation which could injure personnel.在从机架拆除模块或者往机架插入
40、模块之前，关闭所有电源模块。不阅读此警告内容，可能改变处理器存储器值，损伤模块电路及导致个人损害的意想不到的操作。 Figure 5.3.2 I/O Chassis 图5.3.2 I/O机架Table 5.3.3 I/O Chassis 表5.3.3 I/O机架Type类型The I/O chassis is a sheet metal housing with printed circuit backplaneI/O机架是带有印刷电路背板的金属片机架。Connection连接Components in chassis connect through printed backplane pow
41、er and data buses. Alternate power supply input terminal on side of chassis机架上的组件通过印刷电路板及数据总线连接。在机架的一侧由交替的电源输入端子。Function功能Chassis provides mounting location for PLC, power supply, and communication modules机架提供PLC、电源模块及通讯模块的安装位置。Power电源24 Vdc from electrical system从电气系统中获取24V电源Operation操作The I/O cha
42、ssis is configured with a dual inline package (DIP) switch and a configuration plug on the backplane. The switch selects operating modes to customize the chassis for a variety of applications. Switch and plug settings are identified on the electrical schematic.I/O机架使用双列封装的开关进行机背板上的配置插头配置。开关选择操作模式来配置
43、机架，以适应各种应用。开关和插头设置在电气图上有标注。I/O chassis mount PLCs and I/O and communication modules. Where there is a second I/O chassis an adapter to communicate with the primary PLC is in the chassis.I/O机架安装有PLC、I/O及通讯模块。与主PLC通讯的次I/O机架适配器也在此I/O机架中。The backplane distributes 5 Vdc from power supply to modules. A da
44、ta bus allows the PLC module to communicate with I/O modules.背板分配5V电源给模块。数据总线允许PLC模块与I/O模块通讯。Refer to Supplementary Data.参照补充数据EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY扩展电源Reference Designator: PSNXXX参考标识：PSNXXXFigure 5.3.3 Externally Mounted Power Supply图5.3.3 扩展安装电源模块Table 5.3.4 Externally Mounted Power Supply 表5.3.4
45、 扩展安装电源模块Type类型The externally mounted power supply module provides 5 Vdc to the I/O chassis backplane power bus. The 5 Vdc power supply system may consist of one or more independent, dc-to-dc isolating power supplies扩展安装电源模块提供5V直流电源给I/O机架背板电源总线。5V电源系统包括一个或者多个独立的直流直流隔离型电源。Connection连接Input power for
46、the power supply module is connected to a plug-in power connector on one end of the power supply chassis. Power supply output on the other end is connected to the I/O chassis backplane power bus through a connecting cable wired to the backplane of the chassis电源模块的输入连接到电源模块末端的插座电源连接器上。另一端的输出电源通过电缆连接到
47、I/O机架背板电源总线上。Function功能The power supply system converts a 20-32 Vdc input to a regulated and filtered 4.87-5.25 Vdc (2.2-20 amps) and outputs it to the I/O chassis backplane power bus for distribution to modules in the chassis电源系统将2032V直流输入转换为可调的经滤波的4.875.25V直流（2.220A）输出到I/O机架背板总线上，用于机架模块的电源分配。Power电源24 Vdc power provided from control system从控制系统获取24V直流电源Status Indicators状态指示灯Table 5.3.5 Externally Mounted Power Supply Indicators