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1、20152011 年各省市高考题Passage 1 (2015 新课标全国 )阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词 )或括号内单词的正确形式。Yangshuo， ChinaIt was raining lightly when I1(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But Ididnt care.A few hours2 ，Id been at home in Hong Kong，with3(it)choking smog.Here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain.Id skip
2、ped nearby Guilin ，a dream place fortourists seeking the limestonemountain tops and dark waters of the LiRiver4are pictured by artists in somany Chinese5(painting).Instead，Id headed straight for Yangshuo.For thosewho fly to Guilin ， its only an hour away6 car and offers all the scenery of thebetter
3、known city.Yangshuo7(be) really beautiful.A study of travelers8 (conduct) bythe website TripAdvisornames Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in theworld.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination forpeople inAsia.Abercrombie& Kent ， atravelcompanyinHongKong ， says it9(regular
4、) arranges quick getaways here forpeople10(live)in Shanghai andHong Kong.【语篇导读】桂林山水甲天下，阳朔风光甲桂林。作者讲述了从香港去阳朔旅游时的所见。1.解析考查动词的时态。主句谓语动词使用了过去进行时，根据语境此处要用一般过去时态。答案arrived2.解析考查副词的用法。由语境可知，几个小时之前我还在香港的家中，由此可知 before/earlier 符合句意。答案before/earlier3.解析考查形容词性物主代词的用法。空格后面有名词smog，故要使用形容词性物主代词。答案its4.解析考查定语从句关系代词
5、的用法。由句子结构不难判断这是一个定语从句。先行词为指物的mountain tops and dark waters，关系词在从句中作主语，因此答案为 that/ which。答案that/ which5.解析考查名词的复数。 “so many复数名词 ”为一常用短语。答案paintings6.解析考查介词的固定用法。根据句意可知，这只是驱车一小时的路程。“by交通工具名词 ” 为一固定短语。答案 by7.解析考查主谓一致和动词时态。本段介绍阳朔的自然条件，属客观事实，要用一般现在时，由于主语是单数第三人称形式，因此答案为is。答案is8.解析考查过去分词短语作后置定语的用法。study 与
6、conduct 之间为动宾关系，故用表示被动的过去分词形式。此外，by 是解题的关键词，conductedby.意为 “由 所做的 ”。答案conducted9.解析考查副词的用法。该词修饰谓语动词arrange，故要用其副词形式。答案regularly10.解析考查现在分词短语作后置定语的用法。由于live 与其所修饰的名词people之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用表示主动意义的现在分词形式。答案livingPassage 2 (2015 新课标全国 )阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词 )或括号内单词的正确形式。The adobe dwellings( 土坯房 )1 (buil
7、d)bythe Pueblo Indians of theAmerican Southwest are admired byeven 2most modern of architects andengineers.In additiontotheir simplebeauty， whatmakes the adobe dwellingsadmirable is their3(able) to“ air condition” a house without4(se)electricequipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the su
8、n on hot days and giveout that heat5(slow)during cool nights， thus warming the house.When a newday breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough6(cool)the house during the hot day： 7 the same time，they warm up again for the night.This cycle 8 (go) day after day: The walls warm up
9、 during the day andcool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消 )for the outside temperatures.As 9 (nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 10 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.【语篇导读】相比现代化的建筑，简陋的土坯房可谓丑陋不堪。但当代的建筑师却对其情有独钟。短文主要介
10、绍了土坯房能够调节温度的原理。1.解析考查过去分词短语作后置定语。主语dwellings 与动词 build 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。又由by 一词的暗示也可知用表示被动意义的过去分词。答案built2.解析考查定冠词的用法。空格之后为形容词的最高级形式，故填定冠词。答案the3.解析考查形容词与名词的转换。形容词性物主代词their 之后应当用名词，故将 able 转化为其名词形式。答案ability4.解析考查介词的用法。介词without 之后的动词要用动名词形式。答案using5.解析考查副词的用法。由土坯制成的墙壁在炎热的白天吸收太阳的热量并在凉爽的夜间慢慢将热量释
11、放出来。修饰谓语动词give out，因此要用副词形式。答案slowly6.解析考查固定句式的用法。“形容词 enough动词不定式 ” 为一常用句式。答案to cool7.解析考查固定短语的用法。 at the same time意为 “同时 ”，是一个常用介词短语。答案at8.解析考查动词的时态。这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了土坯房冬暖夏凉的原理，故用一般现在时态。答案goes9.解析考查形容词的用法。修饰名词architects，故要用形容词形式。答案natural10.解析考查宾语从句的连接词用法。分析句子结构可知，这是一个宾语从句。根据形容词thick 及结构可知这里的意思是印第安人要算
12、出土坯墙的确切厚度。所以答案为how。答案howPassage 3 (2015 福建 )阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1)汉语提示， 2)首字母提示， 3)语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。Sometimes we have disagreementswith people.When this (1)h， theimportant thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument.Here(2)my tips for you.The (3)fthing I
13、would say is that the way you begin the conversation isvery important.Imagine you are a student and you share a flat (4)anotherstudentwho you think isnt doing her share of the housework.If you say,“Look, you neverdo your share of the housework.(5)are you going to do aboutit ？”，the discussion willver
14、y soon turn into an argument.Its much more (6)(有帮助 )to say something like, “ I think we had (7)bhave another lookabout how we divide up the housework.Maybe there is a better way of dealing withit.”My second piece of (8)ais simple.If youre the person who is inthe wrong, just admit it! This is the eas
15、iest and best way to avoid an argument.Justmake an (9)(道歉 ), and move on.The other person will have more respectfor you (10)the future if you do that.答 案1.happens2.are3.first4.with5.What6.helpful/beneficial7.better8.advice9.apology10.inPassage 4 (2015 湖南 )Directions: Complete the following passageby
16、 fillingin each blank with oneword that bestfits the context.Research has become both simpler and more complex. Its simpler because,1you have a computer, you can find information you need by searching the Internet.For all your information, you dont have to go to2library to find the relevantresource
17、and take notes on it. Instead, you can find some sources from the Internet 3 print the copies needed.Remember,however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you 4 always rely just on the Internet foryour research.While finding information is easier than ever, at the sa
18、me time, researching hasbecome5complex. There is a lot more material available, which means youmay be overwhelmed6 the amount of information. You need to learn 7tosort through and find the relevant information for your particular project. Also,8need to check the accuracy of it.【语篇导读】随着电脑和因特网的出现，研究变得
19、既简单又复杂。一方面，我们不必像以往一样在书中搜索资料，这为我们提供了极大的方便；另一方面，网络中众多的资料良莠不齐，选择准确的信息使我们的工作变得愈加复杂。1.解析考查状语从句。根据句意，如果你有了电脑，你可以通过上网获得所需的信息。答案if2.解析考查冠词。 go to the library 去图书馆； in the library 在图书馆。答案the3.解析考查连词。 and 连接并列谓语 find和 print。答案and4.解析考查情态动词。根据上文你应该 (should)查阅不同的资料。答案shouldnt5.解析考查形容词比较级。参见上文第一句more complex。答案m
20、ore6.解析考查介词。 be overwhelmed with 面临，陷入。答案with7.解析考查疑问词。根据句意，你需要学习如何分类并找到特定任务的相关信息。 how to do 是含有疑问词的不定式，在此处作宾语。答案how8.解析考查代词。参见上文You need to learn how to sort throug.答案youPassage 5 (2014 新课标全国 )阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于 3 个单词 )或括号内单词的正确形式Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?In 1969，t
21、he pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland，Ohio.It1(be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.The river was sopolluted that it2(actual) caught fire and burned.Now， years later， this river isone of3most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.But the river wasnt c
22、hanged in a few days4even a few months.It tookyears of work5(reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.Finally ，that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is6(clean) than ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible situation.Maybe you have a habit7isdriving your family crazy.Possi
23、bly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use.When you face such an impossible situation， dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?While there are 8 (amaze) stories of instant transformation，for most of us the 9 (change) are gradual and require a lot of
24、 effort and work ， like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be 10 (patience).1.解析文章讲的是 1969 年的事情，故用过去时。答案was2.解析修饰动词 caught，用副词 actually“实际上 ” 。答案actually3.解析most outstanding是最高级，前面需要加the。答案the4.解析河流不是几天或者几个月里就改变了的，这里两个时间是选择关系，故用 or。答案or5.解析这里考查固定句型：It takes some time to do sth“ 做某事花费多长时间”。故应填不定式to re
25、duce。答案to reduce6.解析根据下文 than 知用形容词的比较级。答案cleaner7.解析habit 是先行词，故用that/which 引导定语从句。答案that/which8.解析是 “令人吃惊的 ” ，用形容词修饰名词stories，而 amazed 指“ 人感到吃惊的 ”，用来修饰人。答案amazing9.解析根据句子的谓语 “are”可知主语应为复数。答案changes10.解析根据空格前系动词 “be”可知这里应为形容词。答案patientPassage 6 (2014 广东 )阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号
26、中词语的正确形式填空。Last year，my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation.Some of my friendswho had been there before said1was a wonderful holiday destination.Beforewe went，we had planned for months.When the day came，we were ready.After our plane landed ，we went to the hotel.We had made our reservation six
27、months2(early) ， butthemanatthe front desk said there had been amistake.We3 (tell)thatourrooms hadnt been reserved for that week， 4for the week after.I didnt understand5this would happen and my credit cardhad already been charged 6 the reservation.Whats worse， the hotel had been fully booked.When we
28、 were wondering what to do ，the manager came out.She was7 (surprise)helpful.She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on8 top floor.We had never stayed in such an amazing room，and we werent charged extra.The next day，my brother and I went to the beach9we watched somepeople play vol
29、leyball.We got a little 10 (sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didnt mind.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，记述了我和我兄弟去Miami( 迈阿密 )旅游，当到达目的地后，来到六个月前订的宾馆，却意外被告知订的房间是下个星期的，且该宾馆房间已订满。正当不知如何办时，经理出来了，将他们安排在留出来的 VIP 房间，且不另外收他们的钱，真是喜出望外的事。1.解析在 said后的宾语从句中缺主语，应填代词；指代前句中的Miami这个地方，应用 it 。答案it2.解析在句中作状语，依然用副词；不变词性
30、，因为是较早的做的事，所以用比较级。答案earlier3.解析由句意可知，是 “ 我们被告知 ” ，由上下文的时态可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。答案were told4.解析根据上下句意，意为“ 不是为那个星期订的，而是为后一个星期所订的”，为 not.but.结构。答案but5.解析意为 “我不知道为什么会发生这样的事” ，故用 why 引导宾语从句。答案why6.解析charge.for.是习惯搭配。答案for7.解析因本句已有作表语的形容词helpful ，所以应当用副词来修饰形容词helpful，指 “令人惊讶地，意外地 ”，故填 surprisingly。答案surprisingly
31、8.解析特指 “在顶楼 ”。答案the9.解析先行词是地点the beach，且在定语从句中作状语，故填where (onwhich and on the beach and there)。答案where10.解析在表示 “变化 ”的 got 后作表语，要用形容词；sunburn 是名词，其形容词形式是 burnt 或 burned。答案sunburnt/sunburnedPassage 7 (2014 福建 )阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1)汉语提示， 2)首字母提示， 3)语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。Many of us were rais
32、ed with the saying “Waste not，want not.”None of us，(1)h， can completely avoid waste in our lives.Any kind of waste is thoughtless.Whether we waste our potential talents，ourown time， our limited natural (2)(资源 )，our money，or other peoplestime，each of us can become more aware and careful.The smallest
33、good habits canmake a big (3)d.Its a good feeling to know in our hearts we are doing our (4)bin a world that is in serious trouble.By focusing on (5)(节省 )oil ，water，paper，food，and clothing，we are playing a part (6)cutting down onwaste.We must keep reminding (7)(自己 )that it is easier to get into some
34、thing(8) it is to get out of it.Actually ， severe damage (9)d to our land is fairly recent in the history of our evolution.Its time for us to (10) no towaste so that our grandchildrens children will be able to develop well.We cant solve all the problems of waste， but we can encourage mindfulness.Was
35、te not!1.解析句意：然而，在我们的生活中，没有人能完全避免浪费。位于句中，前后都有逗号，用副词，所以填however。答案however2.解析作 waste的宾语，故用名词形式，且用名词复数。答案resources3.解析句意：最小的好习惯也会起作用。make a difference 是固定用法，意思是有影响，起作用。答案difference4.解析do ones best是固定用法，意思是尽某人最大的努力。答案best5.解析介词 on 之后用动词的 ing 形式。答案saving6.解析play a part in 是固定用法，意思是 “ 在 中起作用 ”。答案in7.解析句意
36、：我们必须不断地提醒我们自己，所以填反身代词ourselves。答案ourselves8.解析这里进行比较，所以用比较句式，故填than。答案than9.解析“ 严重危害 ”和“ 作用于 ”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。答案done10.解析句意：是时候对 “浪费 ”说不了。 It is time for sb to do sth 是固定用法，意思是 “ 是时候做某事了。 ”答案sayPassage 8 (2014 湖南 )Directions: Complete the following passageby filling in each blank withoneword that
37、 bestfits the context.Wecanchooseourfriends ， butusuallywecannotchooseourneighbors.However，toget a happy home life ，we have to get along with1as well as possible.An important quality in a neighbor is consideration for2 .People should notdo things3willdisturb theirneighbors unnecessarily.For example，
38、television sets need not be played at fullvolume (音量 )4loud pop musicshould not be played verylate at night.Byavoidingthings likelytoupset yourneighbors， you can enjoy5friendly relationship with them.An equally important qualityis tolerance.Neighbors should do all they can toavoid disturbing other p
39、eople，6there are timeswhensome levelofdisturbance isunavoidable.7neighbors want togetalong wellwith eachother， they have to showtheirtolerance.In this way ，everyone willlive8peace.【语篇导读】我们可以选择朋友，却无法选择邻居；因此处理好邻里关系至关重要。该篇文章主要说明如何处理好邻里关系。1.解析根据句式结构此处缺少get along with 的宾语，根据上下文句意所填词汇应是前文提到的neighbors，故用代词
40、 them。答案them2.解析根据句式结构此处缺少介词for 的宾语，应填名词或代词，根据下文意思可以总结出 “好邻居的重要品质是为他人着想”，故填 others。答案others3.解析分析结构可知此句中需要填的是定语从句的引导词，先行词是things 指物，在从句中做主语，故用that/which。答案that/which4.解析此处缺少连词，根据句意可知上下文是并列加顺延的关系，故用and。答案and5.解析此处考查冠词。 relationship 此处作可数名词，且第一次出现，用a。答案a6.解析此处缺少连词。根据语境：“邻居们应该尽其所能避免打搅别人，但有时一些搅扰是不可避免的”
41、。此处上下文是转折关系，故用but。答案but7.解析此处缺少连词。根据句意：“如果邻居们想要和睦相处他们应互相忍让。 ” 所填词汇应能引导条件状语或时间状语从句，故用If 或 When。答案If/When8.解析此处考查固定短语的介词搭配。根据句意，这样，大家都能和平共处，故用 in， “in peace”和平地。答案inPassage 9 (2013 广东 )阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。One day，Nick invited his friends to supper.He was cooking some delicious foodin the kitchen.Sudde