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1、Grammar and usage,Emphasis,强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式 1. 用助动词“do（doesdid）动词原形”来表示强调： He does know the place well 他的确很熟悉这个地方。 Do write to me when you get there 你到那儿后务必给我来信。,2. 用形容词very，only，single，such等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气： 1. Thats the very textbook we used last term这正是我们上学期用过的教材。 2. You are the only
2、 person here who can speak Chinese. 你是这里唯一会讲汉语的 人。 3. Not a single person has been in the shop this morning今天上午这个商店里连一个人 都没有。 4. How dare you buy such expensive jewels？你怎么敢买这么贵的宝石呢？,3. 用ever，never，very，just等副词进行强调： 1. Why ever did you do so？ 你究竟为什么要 这么做？ 2. He never said a word the whole day 一整天，他一句
3、话也没说。 3. Youve got to be very，very careful你一定得非常、非常小心。 4. This is just what I wanted这正是我所要的。,4. 用in the world，on earth，at all等介词短语可以表达更强的语气（常用于疑问句）： Where in the world could he be？他 到底会在哪儿？ What on earth is it？它究竟是什么？ Do you know at all？ 你到底知不知道？,5. 用感叹句来表示强烈的感情，突出说话人的情感： How interesting a story it
4、is！这是一个多么有趣的故事啊！ Oh, what a lie！啊，真是弥天大谎！,6. 用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气： On the table were some flowers桌上摆着一些花。（强调地点） Many a time have I climbed that hill我多次翻过那座山。 Only in this way，can we solve this problem只有这样，我们才能解决这个问题。,7. It is / was that /who用来强调一个句子中除谓语以外的任何句子成分。 I bought this car in tha
5、t shop last month. (原始句) 1. It was I who/that bought this car in that shop last month. (强调主语) 2. It was this car that I bought in that shop last month. (强调宾语) 3. It was in that shop that I bought this car last month. (强调地点状语) 4. It was last month that I bought this car in that shop. (强调时间状语),注意： (1)
6、 强调句型的时态要以原句的时态为依据。原句用现在时，强调句用is；若原句为过去时，强调句中则要用was。 例如： I met him in the street yesterday. （原句） It was him that I met in the street yesterday.,(2)要注意主谓一致性。 例如： Its we who are to answer for it. Its I, not my parents, that am waiting for the bus. (3) 强调时间、地点状语时不得用when和where取代that，也应避免使用which。 (4) 被强调
7、的是疑问句，改为强调句后仍用疑问句结构。例： What do you want me to do? What is it that you want me to do?,(5) 被强调的如果是not until; because；only after等状语从句时，习惯上用 “It is/was not until that”; “It is (was) because that”, “It was only after that ”结构。 例如： It was not until 1920 regular radio broadcasts began. A. while B. which C.
8、 that D. since,(6) 注意强调句型与其它句型的区别： 强调句型和定语从句的区别主要从以下两方面考虑： 1) 强调句式“It is (was) that/who” 可去掉，不影响句意，剩下的词能单独组成一个完整的句子，而包含定语从句的句子不能这样做。 如：It is tomorrow that they will begin their work. Tomorrow they will begin their work.,2) It is (was)后，若是名词及名词词组，其后一般是定语从句；若是副词、介词短语，则句子属强调句式。例： It is in the hall a me
9、eting was held. (that/where) 在此句中，若选that，句子是强调句型；若选where，则是定语从句。试比较： Was it on the day that you joined the army? （强调句式） Was it the day when you joined the army? （定语从句）,(1) is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What (2) It is the ability to d
10、o the job . matters not where you come from or what you are. A. one B. that C. what D. it,(3) It was for this reason her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village. A. which B. why C. that D. how (4) It was only when I reread his poems recently I began to appreciate their beauty
11、. A. until B. that C. then D. so,(5) It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages _ attracted the audiences interest. A. so that B. that C. what D. in which (6) It was not she took off her dark glasses I recognized she was a famous film star. A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then,(7) It was about 600 years ago the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. A. that B. until C. before D. when (8) Was that I saw last night at the concert? A. it you B. not you C. you D. that,Thank you,